Neurosteroid Effects In The Central Nervous System

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Neurosteroid Effects In The Central Nervous System

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Author : Sheryl S. Smith
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2003-10-27

Neurosteroid Effects In The Central Nervous System written by Sheryl S. Smith and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-10-27 with Medical categories.

Our understanding of the ways that neuroactive steroids act in the brain has been increased by transgenic approaches, recombinant expression systems, higher resolution electrophysiological paradigms, and the development of technology to localize receptors. Recent behavioral studies examining the effects of steroids on mood, seizure susceptibility,

Neurosteroids And The Nervous System

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Author : Steven R. King
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-11-09

Neurosteroids And The Nervous System written by Steven R. King and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-09 with Medical categories.

​While steroids from the periphery have profound effects on the nervous system, the nervous system also produces its own steroids de novo (“neurosteroids”). The physiological importance of neurosteroids is beginning to be understood. These steroids potentially have roles in sedative/hypnotic behavior, anxiety, learning, and memory. At the cellular level, neurosteroids affect neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity and cell proliferation and survival. Early findings hold promise for future strategies to treat specific psychologicalconditions and neurological diseases. This Brief will focus on the current state of understanding of brainderived neurosteroids.

New Perspectives In Neurosteroids Action A Special Player Allopregnanolone

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Author : Valerio Magnaghi
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-07-01

New Perspectives In Neurosteroids Action A Special Player Allopregnanolone written by Valerio Magnaghi and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-01 with Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry categories.

Early in the 80’s date the first observations on the existence of hormonal steroids that may be synthesized and act in the nervous system. In order to refer to these endogenous steroids, proved important to control both central and peripheral nervous system, it was proposed the term “neurosteroids” (NSs). Over the years, their importance in regulating the physiological functions of neuronal and glial cells increased progressively. These steroids can be involved in several pathophysiological conditions such as depression, anxiety, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), schizophrenia and Alzheimer disease. Among the different classes of NSs, the progestagens revealed particularly important. The progesterone metabolite 5a-pregnan-3a-ol-20-one, also named tetrahydroprogesterone or allopregnanolone (ALLO) was one of the first most important steroid that was originally shown to act as neurosteroid. ALLO is synthesized through the action of the 5aR-3a-HSD, which converts P into DHP and subsequently, via a bidirectional reaction, into ALLO. NSs exert complex effects in the nervous system through ‘classic’, genomic, and ‘non-classic’, non-genomic actions. ALLO displays a rapid ‘non-genomic’ effect, which mainly involves the potent modulation of the GABA type A (GABA-A) receptor function. Recently a membrane receptor has been identified as target for ALLO effects, i.e. the membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) that are able to activate a signalling cascade through G protein dependent mechanisms. By these ways, ALLO is able to modulate several cell functions, acting as neurogenic molecule on neural progenitor cells, as well as by activating proliferation and differentiation of glial cells in the central and peripheral nervous system. In this topic, we review the most recent acquisitions in the field of neurosteroids, focusing our attention on ALLO because its effects on the physiology of neurons and glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous system are intriguing and could potentially lead to the development of new strategies for neuroprotection and/or regeneration of injured nervous tissues and for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Neurosteroids And Brain Function

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Author : Giovanni Biggio
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2001-09-27

Neurosteroids And Brain Function written by Giovanni Biggio and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-09-27 with Medical categories.

International Review of Neurobiology, Volume 46 presents in-depth reviews on such ground-breaking topics as assembly and intracellular trafficking of GABA A receptors, D-1 dopamine receptors, and Alzheimer's disease. This series offers the most comprehensive and up-to-date information available and is a must for anyone in the field. Includes a historical overview of neurosteroid research Contains a chapter on neurosteroid biosynthesis and regulation Presents current methods of neurosteroid measurement and analysis Discusses neurosteroid function in both the normal and the pathological brain Chapters address the function of neurosteroid in: Stress, Receptor plasticity and function, Learning and Memory, Alcohol use, Depression

Cns Neurotransmitters And Neuromodulators

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Author : Trevor W. Stone
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1996-03-27

Cns Neurotransmitters And Neuromodulators written by Trevor W. Stone and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-03-27 with Science categories.

As a volume in the series CNS Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators, this text is destined to become a definitive reference. Well-known international authors have contributed up-to-date reviews covering a wide-range of interdisciplinary aspects of neuroactive steroid function. Specifically, this volume includes chapters dealing with the expression and properties of steroid receptors in the central nervous system (CNS); steroid interactions with amino acids, amines, and growth factors; electrophysiology; hypothalamic and feeding control; and the extremely topical issue of steroid influences on sexual differentiation of the brain. Neuroactive Steroids is an indispensable reference work for any researcher involved with steroids in the CNS, particularly in the areas of physiology, anatomy, neuropharmacology, neurochemistry, psychiatry, and molecular biology. In addition, it provides the perfect one-stop introduction for students.

Neurosteroids A New Regulatory Function In The Nervous System

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Author : Michael Schumacher
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999

Neurosteroids A New Regulatory Function In The Nervous System written by Michael Schumacher and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.

Extrasynaptic Gabaa Receptors

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Author : Adam C. Errington
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-09-22

Extrasynaptic Gabaa Receptors written by Adam C. Errington and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-22 with Medical categories.

GABA is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and acts via GABAA and GABAB receptors. Recently, a novel form of GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition, termed “tonic” inhibition, has been described. Whereas synaptic GABAA receptors underlie classical “phasic” GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition (inhibitory postsynaptic currents), tonic GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition results from the activation of extrasynaptic receptors by low concentrations of ambient GABA. Extrasynaptic GABAA receptors are composed of receptor subunits that convey biophysical properties ideally suited to the generation of persistent inhibition and are pharmacologically and functionally distinct from their synaptic counterparts. This book highlights ongoing work examining the properties of recombinant and native extrasynaptic GABAA receptors and their preferential targeting by endogenous and clinically relevant agents. In addition, it emphasizes the important role of extrasynaptic GABAA receptors in GABAergic inhibition throughout the CNS and identifies them as a major player in both physiological and pathophysiological processes.

Steroids And The Nervous System

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Author : GianCarlo Panzica
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003

Steroids And The Nervous System written by GianCarlo Panzica and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Medical categories.

This volume covers emerging and intriguing topics related to research into steroids and the nervous system, with a major focus on glucocorticoids, non-classical mechanism of action, regulation of reproduction, steroids and glial cells, behavioural effects and pathological correlations.

Translational Research In Traumatic Brain Injury

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Author : Daniel Laskowitz
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-12-01

Translational Research In Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-01 with Medical categories.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has been disappointingly slow. Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury attempts to integrate expertise from across specialties to address knowledge gaps in the field of TBI. Its chapters cover a wide scope of TBI research in five broad areas: Epidemiology Pathophysiology Diagnosis Current treatment strategies and sequelae Future therapies Specific topics discussed include the societal impact of TBI in both the civilian and military populations, neurobiology and molecular mechanisms of axonal and neuronal injury, biomarkers of traumatic brain injury and their relationship to pathology, neuroplasticity after TBI, neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapy, advanced neuroimaging of mild TBI, neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms following mild TBI, sports-related TBI, epilepsy and PTSD following TBI, and more. The book integrates the perspectives of experts across disciplines to assist in the translation of new ideas to clinical practice and ultimately to improve the care of the brain injured patient.

Neurosteroids

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Author : Etienne-Emile Baulieu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1999-07-23

Neurosteroids written by Etienne-Emile Baulieu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-07-23 with Medical categories.

Etienne-Emile Baulieu, the discoverer of neurosteroids, and a panel of distinguished scientists and clinical researchers exhaustively and critically review all facets of neurosteroids involved in behavior, stress, memory, depression, anxiety, aging of the brain, and neurodegenerative diseases. These contributors illuminate the role of neurosteroids in brain development and plasticity and detail their neuromodulatory influence on GABAA, ionotropic glutamate receptors, acetylcholine receptors, sigma receptors, and calcium channels. Clearly pointing the way toward novel pharmaceutical agents that may be of significant therapeutic value, particularly with regard to aging mental functions, Neurosteroids: A New Regulatory Function in the Nervous System offers neurobiologists, psychiatrists, neurosurgeons, pharmacologists, and geriatricians the first comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of these important bioactive molecules.