Nomad Military Power In Iran And Adjacent Areas In The Islamic Period
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Nomad Military Power In Iran And Adjacent Areas In The Islamic Period
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Author : Kurt Franz
language : en
Publisher: Dr Ludwig Reichert
Release Date : 2015
Nomad Military Power In Iran And Adjacent Areas In The Islamic Period written by Kurt Franz and has been published by Dr Ludwig Reichert this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Air forces categories.
English summary: In Central Asia, the Iranian highlands and the Near East, the impact of nomadic groups on the course of history was more felt than in other parts of the world. The Mongol Empire, which extended from Baghdad to the China Sea, is but one example of the successful military and political enterprises of nomad conquerors. This nomad power over the long period from the expansion of Islam to European colonial intervention, which includes the rise and fall of several Turko-Mongol empires, is the subject of this anthology. The research focus is directed primarily to the conditions in which nomad power developed in the context of interrelated nomadic and sedentary ways of life. These interrelationships have been an essential aspect of the Collaborative Research Centre "Difference and Integration" (SFB 586) project from which this volume emerges. As Iran and the adjacent areas have historically been characterized by a complex geo-spatial environment of mobile and sedentary groups and political associations, they are especially suited to enquiry in this context. Questions are particularly asked as to the circumstances, development patterns and effects of political and military alliances between nomadic and sedentary leaders or groups. Could nomad military power be enlisted in the strategies of sedentary rulers? What objectives did nomad allies pursue in these circumstances and with what, partly unexpected, results? The volume also investigates the transformations that took place in states that emerged from nomad conquests. What political and military roles did rulers of ''post-nomadic'' sedentary states assign to the descendants of nomad conquerors? What roles did these groups claim for themselves? And did nomadic traditions linger on in these states? As well as the history of events and structures, contemporary conceptual approaches to nomad power and the visual representation of nomadic warfare in Persian miniature painting are also examined. The anthology thus sheds light on an important aspect of the history of Iran and neighbouring countries that has so far not been examined systematically. It will be of interest to specialists in Islamic history, particularly in Iran and Central Asia, and to any historian looking for a transregional perspective on mediaeval and early modern military history. German description: Der Einfluss nomadischer Gruppen auf den Gang der Geschichte war in Zentralasien, im iranischen Hochland und im Nahen Osten starker als in anderen Teilen der Welt. Das mongolische Weltreich, das sich von Bagdad bis zum Chinesischen Meer erstreckte, ist nur ein Beispiel fur erfolgreiche militarische und politische Unternehmungen nomadischer Eroberer. Die Macht nomadischer Gruppen in der langen Epoche von der Ausbreitung des Islams bis zur europaischen kolonialen Intervention, die den Aufstieg und Fall verschiedener turko-mongolischer Reiche zu beobachten erlaubt, ist das zentrale Thema dieses Sammelbandes. Dabei richtet sich das Interesse insbesondere auf die Entstehungsbedingungen nomadischer Macht im Kontext der Wechselbeziehungen zwischen nomadischen und sesshaften Lebensformen, welche im Mittelpunkt des Sonderforschungsbereichs "Differenz und Integration" (SFB 586) standen, aus dem dieser Band hervorgeht. Iran und die daran angrenzenden Gebiete zeichneten sich in historischer Zeit durch eine raumlich dichte Gemengelage mobiler und sesshafter Gruppen und politischer Verbande aus und eignen sich darum besonders zur Untersuchung. Gefragt wird nach den Umstanden, Verlaufsformen und Folgen politischer und militarischer Bundnisse zwischen nomadischen und sesshaften Herrschern oder Gruppen. Liess sich nomadische Militarmacht in die Strategien sesshafter Herrscher einbinden? Welche eigenen Ziele verfolgten die nomadischen Bundnispartner unter diesen Umstanden und zu welchen auch unerwarteten Resultaten fuhrte ihre Teilhabe? Thematisiert werden zudem die Transformationen in Staaten, die aus nomadischen Eroberungen hervorgingen. Welche Rollen wiesen die Beherrscher "post-nomadischer" sesshafter Staaten den Nachkommen der nomadischen Eroberer im Staats- und Militarwesen zu? Welche Rollen beanspruchten diese Gruppen selbst? Inwiefern wirkten nomadische Traditionen in diesen Staaten nach? Neben ereignis- und strukturgeschichtlichen Phanomen werden auch zeitgenossische konzeptionelle Entwurfe nomadischer Macht sowie die visuelle Reprasentation nomadischer Kriegskunst in der persischen Miniaturmalerei behandelt. Indem der Sammelband einen historisch gewichtigen und bislang nicht zusammenhangend untersuchten Aspekt der Entwicklung Irans und umliegender Lander beleuchtet, richtet er sich sowohl an Spezialisten der Geschichte der islamischen Welt, zumal der Iran- und Mittelasienwissenschaften, als auch allgemein an Historiker, die sich mit mittelalterlicher und fruhneuzeitlicher Militargeschichte in uberregional vergleichender Perspektive auseinandersetzen wollen.
Nomads In The Middle East
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date :
Nomads In The Middle East written by and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Nomads In The Middle East
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Author : Beatrice Forbes Manz
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-12-02
Nomads In The Middle East written by Beatrice Forbes Manz and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-02 with History categories.
A history of pastoral nomads in the Islamic Middle East from the rise of Islam, through the middle periods when Mongols and Turks ruled most of the region, to the decline of nomadism in the twentieth century. Offering a vivid insight into the impact of nomads on the politics, culture, and ideology of the region, Beatrice Forbes Manz examines and challenges existing perceptions of these nomads, including the popular cyclical model of nomad-settled interaction developed by Ibn Khaldun. Looking at both the Arab Bedouin and the nomads from the Eurasian steppe, Manz demonstrates the significance of Bedouin and Turco-Mongolian contributions to cultural production and political ideology in the Middle East, and shows the central role played by pastoral nomads in war, trade, and state-building throughout history. Nomads provided horses and soldiers for war, the livestock and guidance which made long-distance trade possible, and animal products to provision the region's growing cities.
The Formation Of Post Classical Philosophy In Islam
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Author : Frank Griffel
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-06-08
The Formation Of Post Classical Philosophy In Islam written by Frank Griffel and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-08 with Religion categories.
Scholars have come to recognize the importance of classical Islamic philosophy both in its own right and in its preservation of and engagement with Greek philosophical ideas. At the same time, the period immediately following the so-called classical era has been considered a sort of dark age, in which Islamic thought entered a long decline. In this monumental new work, Frank Griffel seeks to overturn this conventional wisdom, arguing that what he calls the "post-classical" period has been unjustly maligned and neglected by previous generations of scholars. The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in Islam is a comprehensive study of the far-reaching changes that led to a re-shaping of the philosophical discourse in Islam during the twelfth century. Earlier Western scholars thought that Islam's engagement with the tradition of Greek philosophy ended during that century. More recent analyses suggest that Islamic thinkers instead integrated Greek thought into the genre of rationalist Muslim theology (kal=am). Griffel argues that even this new view misses a key point. In addition to the integration of Greek ideas into kal=am, Muslim theologians picked up the discourse of classical philosophy in Islam (falsafa) and began to produce books in the tradition of Plato, Aristotle, and Avicennaa new and oft-misunderstood genre they called ".hikma"in which they left aside theological concerns. They wrote in both genres, kal=am and .hikma, and the same writers argued for opposing teachings on the nature of God, the world's creation, and the afterlife depending on the genre in which they were writing. Griffel shows how careful attention to genre demonstrates both the coherence and ambiguity of this new philosophical approach. A work of extraordinary breadth and depth, The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in Islam offers a detailed, insightful history of philosophy in Iraq, Iran, and Central Asia during the twelfth century. It will be essential reading for anyone interested in the history of philosophy or the history of Islam.
Trajectories Of State Formation Across Fifteenth Century Islamic West Asia
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Author : Jo Van Steenbergen
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2020-06-15
Trajectories Of State Formation Across Fifteenth Century Islamic West Asia written by Jo Van Steenbergen and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-15 with History categories.
The concept, practice, institution and appearance of ‘the state’ have been hotly debated ever since the emergence of history as a discipline within modern scholarship. The field of medieval Islamic history, however, has remained aloof from most of these debates. Rather it tends to take for granted the particularity of dynastic trajectories within slow-changing bureaucratic contexts. Trajectories of State Formation promotes a more critical and connected understanding of state formation in the late medieval Sultanates of Cairo and of the Timurid, Turkmen and Ottoman dynasties. Projecting seven case studies onto a broad canvas of European and West-Asian research, this volume presents a trans-dynastic reconstruction, interpretation and illustration of statist trajectories across fifteenth-century Islamic West-Asia. The contributors are: Georg Christ, Kristof D’hulster, Jan Dumolyn, Albrecht Fuess, Dimitri J. Kastritsis, Beatrice Forbes Manz, John L. Meloy, Jo Van Steenbergen, and Patrick Wing.
The Bukharan Crisis
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Author : Scott C. Levi
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Release Date : 2020-06-09
The Bukharan Crisis written by Scott C. Levi and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-09 with History categories.
In the first half of the eighteenth century, Central Asia’s Bukharan Khanate descended into a crisis from which it would not recover. Bukharans suffered failed harvests and famine, a severe fiscal downturn, invasions from the north and the south, rebellion, and then revolution. To date, efforts to identify the cause of this crisis have focused on the assumption that the region became isolated from early modern globalizing trends. The Bukharan Crisis exposes that explanation as a flawed relic of early Orientalist scholarship on the region. In its place, Scott Levi identifies multiple causal factors that underpinned the Bukharan crisis. Some of these were interrelated and some independent, some unfolded over long periods while others shocked the region more abruptly, but they all converged in the early eighteenth century to the detriment of the Bukharan Khanate and those dependent upon it. Levi applies an integrative framework of analysis that repositions Central Asia in recent scholarship on multiple themes in early modern Eurasian and world history
Empires To Be Remembered
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Author : Michael Gehler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-03-10
Empires To Be Remembered written by Michael Gehler and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-10 with History categories.
By applying a comparative approach the volume focuses on a select group of „empires“ which are generally not in the focus of empires studies. They are studied in detail and analyzed due to a strict concept that takes into account real history and reception history as well. Reception history becomes more and more an important element in empire studies although this topic is still often more or less underdeveloped. The volume singles out a series of such “forgotten empires”. It aims to provide a methodologically clearly structured as well as a uniform and consistent approach. It develops a general set of questions that help to compare and distinguish these entities. This way the volume intends to examine and to illuminate empires that are generally ignored by modern scholarship.
The Crusader States And Their Neighbours
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Author : Nicholas Morton
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-04-24
The Crusader States And Their Neighbours written by Nicholas Morton and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-24 with History categories.
The Crusader States and their Neighbours explores the military history of the Medieval Near East, piecing together the fault-lines of conflict which entangled this much-contested region. This was an area where ethnic, religious, dynastic, and commercial interests collided and the causes of war could be numerous. Conflicts persisted for decades and were fought out between many groups including Kurds, Turks, Armenians, Arabs, and the crusaders themselves. Nicholas Morton recreates this world, exploring how each faction sought to advance its own interests by any means possible, adapting its warcraft to better respond to the threats posed by their rivals. Strategies and tactics employed by the pastoral societies of the Central Asian Steppe were pitted against the armies of the agricultural societies of Western Christendom, Byzantium, and the Islamic World, galvanising commanders to adapt their practices in response to their foes. Today, we are generally encouraged to think of this era as a time of religious conflict, and yet this vastly over-simplifies a complex region where violence could take place for many reasons and peoples of different faiths could easily find themselves fighting side-by-side.
The Mongols Middle East
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Author : Bruno De Nicola
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2016-05-30
The Mongols Middle East written by Bruno De Nicola and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-30 with History categories.
The Mongols’ Middle East: Continuity and Transformation in Ilkhanid Iran offers a collection of academic articles that investigate different aspects of Mongol rule in 13th- and 14th-century Iran, with a particular focus in the Ilkhanate's interactions with its immediate neighbours in the Middle East.
History And Society During The Mamluk Period 1250 1517
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Author : Bethany J. Walker
language : en
Publisher: V&R Unipress
Release Date : 2021-04-12
History And Society During The Mamluk Period 1250 1517 written by Bethany J. Walker and has been published by V&R Unipress this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-12 with History categories.
This volume is a collection of research essays submitted by fellows of the Annemarie Schimmel Kolleg, an Advanced Center of Research in Mamluk Studies. It covers three themes, which correspond to the research agenda of the final three academic years of the Annemarie Schimmel Kolleg. These were: environmental history, material culture studies, and im/mobility. The aim of the contributions is to overcome the disciplinary boundaries of the field and to engage in scholarly debates in Ottoman Studies, European history, archae-ology and art history, and even the natural sciences.