Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation Medical And Ethical Issues In Procurement
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Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1998-01-18
Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-01-18 with Medical categories.
Non-heart-beating donors (individuals whose deaths are determined by cessation of heart and respiratory function rather than loss of whole brain function) could potentially be of major importance in reducing the gap between the demand for and available supply of organs for transplantation. Prompted by questions concerning the medical management of such donorsâ€"specifically, whether interventions undertaken to enhance the supply and quality of potentially transplantable organs (i.e. the use of anticoagulants and vasodilators) were in the best interests of the donor patientâ€"the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services asked the Institute of Medicine to examine from scientific and ethical points of view "alternative medical approaches that can be used to maximize the availability of organs from [a] donor [in an end-of-life situation] without violating prevailing ethical norms...." This book examines transplantation supply and demand, historical and modern conceptions of non-heart-beating donors, and organ procurement organizations and transplant program policies, and contains recommendations concerning the principles and ethical issues surrounding the topic.
Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation Medical And Ethical Issues In Procurement
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Author : John T. Potts
language : en
Publisher: Theclassics.Us
Release Date : 2013-09
Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation Medical And Ethical Issues In Procurement written by John T. Potts and has been published by Theclassics.Us this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09 with categories.
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1997-01 edition. Excerpt: ...freedom within some areas while setting minimum standards in others. In general, the NHBD protocols received and reviewed by the IOM have been written or approved within the last 4 years. The oldest was revised and approved in 1993, and the most recent was approved in July 1997. With respect to OPOs that have approved protocols in place, it is important to bear in mind that organs are procured from very few NHBDs (only one or two) by most OPOs each year. The fact that there are 25 OPOs with approved NHBD protocols and that UNOS reports 65 NHBDs in 1996 provides confirmation of the low rate of procurement of organs from NHBDs by most OPOs. Currently, OPOs located at hospitals tend to procure more organs from NHBDs. Review of the NHBD protocols submitted to the IOM reveals a consensus among OPOs in two areas: (1) discussion of organ donation with families and informed consent should take place only after an independent decision to withdraw life support has been made; and (2) the physician who declares death after withdrawal of support shall not be affiliated in any way with the OPO, procurement team, or transplant team. Outside of these two areas, OPO protocols for NHBDs differ greatly. Some variations are merely procedural whereas others imply ethical differences. The criteria for determining death; medical interventions, including the use of heparin and phentolamine, which are directed toward preparation for transplantation rather than donor patient care; intervention by the OPO to assess and prepare the donor before consent for donation and declaration of death; and the timing, approach, and detail of obtaining family consent--all are problematic issues discussed next in this report. A consensus on these issues, expressed in more...
Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation
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Author : Committee on Non-Heart-Beating Transplantation II: The Scientific and Ethical Basis for Practice and Protocols
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-05-03
Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation written by Committee on Non-Heart-Beating Transplantation II: The Scientific and Ethical Basis for Practice and Protocols and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-05-03 with Medical categories.
In 1997, the Institute of Medicine published a report entitled Non-Heart- Beating Organ Transplantation: Medical and Ethical Issues in Procurement. The findings and recommendations of that study defined the ethical and scientific basis for non-heart-beating organ donation and transplantation, and provided specific recommendations for practices that affirm patient welfare, promote patient and family choice, and avoid conflicts of interest. Following the 1997 study, the Department of Health and Human Services requested a follow up study to promote such efforts. The central activity for this study was a workshop held in Washington, D.C., on May 24-25, 1999. The workshop provided the opportunity for extensive dialogue on non-heart-beating organ donation among hospitals and organ procurement organizations (OPOs) that are actively involved in non-heartbeating organ and tissue donation and those with concerns about whether and how to proceed. The findings and recommendations of this report are based in large measure on the discussions and insights from that workshop. Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation includes seven recommendations for developing and implementing non-heart-beating-donor protocols. These recommendations were based on the findings and recommendations from the 1997 IOM report and consensus achieved among participants at the national workshop. The committee developed these recommendations as steps towards an approach to non-heart-beating-donor organ donation and procurement consistent with underlying scientific and ethical guidelines, patient and family options and choices, and public trust in organ donation.
Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-05-19
Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-05-19 with Medical categories.
In 1997, the Institute of Medicine published a report entitled Non-Heart- Beating Organ Transplantation: Medical and Ethical Issues in Procurement. The findings and recommendations of that study defined the ethical and scientific basis for non-heart-beating organ donation and transplantation, and provided specific recommendations for practices that affirm patient welfare, promote patient and family choice, and avoid conflicts of interest. Following the 1997 study, the Department of Health and Human Services requested a follow up study to promote such efforts. The central activity for this study was a workshop held in Washington, D.C., on May 24-25, 1999. The workshop provided the opportunity for extensive dialogue on non-heart-beating organ donation among hospitals and organ procurement organizations (OPOs) that are actively involved in non-heartbeating organ and tissue donation and those with concerns about whether and how to proceed. The findings and recommendations of this report are based in large measure on the discussions and insights from that workshop. Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation includes seven recommendations for developing and implementing non-heart-beating-donor protocols. These recommendations were based on the findings and recommendations from the 1997 IOM report and consensus achieved among participants at the national workshop. The committee developed these recommendations as steps towards an approach to non-heart-beating-donor organ donation and procurement consistent with underlying scientific and ethical guidelines, patient and family options and choices, and public trust in organ donation.
The Ethics Of Organ Transplantation
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Author : Wayne N. Shelton
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2001-04-03
The Ethics Of Organ Transplantation written by Wayne N. Shelton and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-04-03 with Medical categories.
"Ethics of Organ Transplantation".
Legal And Ethical Aspects Of Organ Transplantation
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Author : David Price
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-11-30
Legal And Ethical Aspects Of Organ Transplantation written by David Price and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-11-30 with Law categories.
A comprehensive analysis of existing laws and policies governing organ transplantation practices around the world.
Organ And Tissue Donation
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Author : Bethany Spielman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Organ And Tissue Donation written by Bethany Spielman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Law categories.
This volume brings together a wide range of views on the ethical, legal, and policy questions that have shaped the often-heated debate about organ and tissue donation in the 1990s. In this edited volume, Bethany Spielman includes selected papers from a 1995 conference cosponsored by the Department of Medical Humanities of the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine and the "Life Goes On" Organ/Tissue Donor Awareness Program of the Illinois Secretary of State. Seventeen distinguished experts from the fields of bioethics, medicine, law, history, philosophy, and public policy consider questions integral to the foundations and operations of organ donation in the 1990s.
Transplantation Ethics
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Author : Robert M. Veatch
language : en
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Release Date : 2015-01-22
Transplantation Ethics written by Robert M. Veatch and has been published by Georgetown University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-22 with Medical categories.
Although the history of organ transplant has its roots in ancient Christian mythology, it is only in the past fifty years that body parts from a dead person have successfully been procured and transplanted into a living person. After fourteen years, the three main issues that Robert Veatch first outlined in his seminal study Transplantation Ethics still remain: deciding when human beings are dead; deciding when it is ethical to procure organs; and deciding how to allocate organs, once procured. However, much has changed. Enormous strides have been made in immunosuppression. Alternatives to the donation model are debated much more openly—living donors are used more widely and hand and face transplants have become more common, raising issues of personal identity. In this second edition of Transplantation Ethics, coauthored by Lainie F. Ross, transplant professionals and advocates will find a comprehensive update of this critical work on transplantation policies.
Procuring Organs For Transplant
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Author : Robert M. Arnold
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Procuring Organs For Transplant written by Robert M. Arnold and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Medical categories.
Organ Shortage
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Author : Anne-Maree Farrell
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-03-10
Organ Shortage written by Anne-Maree Farrell and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-10 with Law categories.
Organ shortage is an ongoing problem in many countries. The needless death and suffering which have resulted necessitate an investigation into potential solutions. This examination of contemporary ethical means, both practical and policy-oriented, of reducing the shortfall in organs draws on the experiences of a range of countries. The authors focus on the resolution and negotiation of ethical conflict, examine systems approaches such as the 'Spanish model' and the US Breakthrough Collaboratives, evaluate policy proposals relating to incentives, presumed consent, and modifications regarding end-of-life care, and evaluate the greatly increased use of (non-heart-beating) donors suffering circulatory death, as well as living donors. The proposed strategies and solutions are not only capable of resolving the UK's own organ-shortage crisis, but also of being implemented in other countries grappling with how to address the growing gap between supply and demand for organs.