Non Lte Radiative Transfer In The Atmosphere

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Non Lte Radiative Transfer In The Atmosphere

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Author : Manuel L¢pez-Puertas
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2001

Non Lte Radiative Transfer In The Atmosphere written by Manuel L¢pez-Puertas and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Science categories.

During the last three decades, it has become increasingly clear that atmospheric modelling and remote sounding of the atmosphere from space, to name just two important application areas, are affected by non-equilibrium processes which have not been incorporated into traditional radiative transfer calculations. These processes, dubbed ?non-LTE?, are therefore the subject of growing interest among scholars and researchers dealing with the upper atmosphere. This important book provides the first comprehensive and ?global? description of non-LTE infrared emissions in the atmosphere of the Earth and other planets, starting with the theoretical foundations and progressing to the most important applications. Besides giving an introduction to this complex subject, it is a guide to the state-of-the-art in incorporating non-LTE processes into radiative transfer algorithms and computer models of the atmosphere. Numerous examples are presented of the application of these methods to (a) atmospheric remote sensing, (b) atmospheric energy budget (cooling and heating rate) calculations, and (c) atmospheres other than the Earth's.

Non Lte Radiative Transfer In The Atmosphere

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Author : Manuel López-Puertas
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2001

Non Lte Radiative Transfer In The Atmosphere written by Manuel López-Puertas and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Science categories.

Ch. 1. Introduction and overview. 1.1. General introduction. 1.2. Basic properties of the Earth's atmosphere. 1.3. What is LTE? 1.4. Non-LTE situations. 1.5. The importance of non-LTE. 1.6. Some historical background. 1.7. Non-LTE models. 1.8. Experimental studies of non-LTE. 1.9. Non-LTE in planetary atmospheres. 1.10. References and further reading -- ch. 2. Molecular spectra. 2.1. Introduction. 2.2. Energy levels in diatomic molecules. 2.3. Energy levels in polyatomic molecules. 2.4. Transitions and spectral bands. 2.5. Properties of individual vibration-rotation lines. 2.6. Interactions between energy levels. 2.7. References and further reading -- ch. 3. Basic atmospheric radiative transfer. 3.1. Introduction. 3.2. Properties of radiation. 3.3. The radiative transfer equation. 3.4. The formal solution of the radiative transfer equation. 3.5. Thermodynamic equilibrium and local thermodynamic equilibrium. 3.6. The source function in non-LTE. 3.7. Non-LTE situations. 3.8. References and further reading -- ch. 4. Solutions to the radiative transfer equation in LTE. 4.1. Introduction. 4.2. Integration of the radiative transfer equation over height. 4.3. Integration of the radiative transfer equation over frequency. 4.4. Integration of the radiative transfer equation over solid angle. 4.5. References and further reading -- ch. 5. Solutions to the radiative transfer equation in non-LTE. 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. Simple solutions for radiative transfer under non-LTE. 5.3. The full solution of the radiative transfer equation in non-LTE. 5.4. Integration of the RTE in non-LTE. 5.5. Intercomparison of non-LTE codes. 5.6. Parameterizations of the non-LTE cooling rate. 5.7. The Curtis matrix method. 5.8. References and further reading -- ch. 6. Non-LTE modelling of the Earth's atmosphere I: CO2. 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. Useful approximations. 6.3. Carbon dioxide, CO2. 6.4. References and further reading -- ch. 7. Non-LTE modelling of the Earth's atmosphere II: Other infrared emitters. 7.1. Introduction. 7.2. Carbon monoxide, CO. 7.3. Ozone, O3. 7.4. Water vapour, H2O. 7.5. Methane, CH4. 7.6. Nitric oxide, NO. 7.7. Nitrogen dioxide, NO2. 7.8. Nitrous oxide, N2O. 7.9. Nitric acid, HNO3. 7.10. Hydroxyl radical, OH. 7.11. Molecular oxygen atmospheric infrared bands. 7.12. Hydrogen chloride, HC1, and hydrogen fluoride, HF. 7.13. NO+. 7.14. Atomic Oxygen, O (3P), at 63[symbol]m. 7.15. References and further reading -- ch. 8. Remote sensing of the non-LTE atmosphere. 8.1. Introduction. 8.2. The analysis of emission measurements. 8.3. Observations of carbon dioxide in emission. 8.4. Observations of ozone in emission. 8.5. Observations of water vapour in emission. 8.6. Observations of carbon monoxide in emission. 8.7. Observations of nitric oxide in emission. 8.8. Observations of other infrared emissions. 8.9. Rotational non-LTE. 8.10. Absorption measurements. 8.11. Simulated limb emission spectra at high resolution. 8.12. Simulated Nadir emission spectra at high resolution. 8.13. Non-LTE retrieval schemes. 8.14. References and further reading -- ch. 9. Cooling and heating rates. 9.1. Introduction. 9.2. CO2 15 f[symbol]m cooling. 9.3. O3 9.6[symbol]xm cooling. 9.4. H2O 6.3[symbol]m cooling. 9.5. NO 5.3[symbol]m cooling. 9.6. O(3Pi) 63[symbol]m cooling. 9.7. Summary of cooling rates. 9.8. CO2 solar heating. 9.9. References and further reading -- ch. 10. Non-LTE in planetary atmospheres. 10.1. Introduction. 10.2. The terrestrial planets: Mars and Venus. 10.3. A non-LTE model for the Martian and Venusian atmospheres. 10.4. Mars. 10.5. Venus. 10.6. Outer planets. 10.7. Titan. 10.8. Comets. 10.9. References and further reading.

Remote Sensing Of The Atmosphere For Environmental Security

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Author : Agnès Perrin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-01-21

Remote Sensing Of The Atmosphere For Environmental Security written by Agnès Perrin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-21 with Nature categories.

Recent ecological disasters make human beings aware of changes in the Earth’s climate. At the present time anthropogenic activities lead to the emission of greenhouse gases, pollutants, aerosols and ozone depleting substances and the scientific community in general feels responsible for understanding how changes in atmospheric chemistry can affect the Earth’s climate. The first part of these proceedings describes the current capabilities of various satellite experiments which are performing measurements of the Earth’s atmosphere, as for example some of the results obtained recently by three experiments onboard the Environment Satellite (ENVISAT), namely, the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME), the SCanning Imaging Absorption for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) and the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS). For the analysis of spectra recorded by these instruments it is necessary to make good use of efficient radiative transfer codes. These computer codes need as input, a dataset of high quality spectroscopic parameters which can be generated only through a careful analysis of high quality laboratory measurements. In addition some of the future satellite missions which are under preparation at the European Space Agency (ESA) are briefly described.

Radiative Transfer In Stellar And Planetary Atmospheres

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Author : Lucio Crivellari
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-01-09

Radiative Transfer In Stellar And Planetary Atmospheres written by Lucio Crivellari and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-09 with Science categories.

An essential overview of the physical and mathematical background of radiative transfer, and its applications to stellar and planetary atmospheres.

The Atmosphere And Climate Of Mars

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Author : Robert M. Haberle
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-06-29

The Atmosphere And Climate Of Mars written by Robert M. Haberle and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-29 with Science categories.

This volume reviews all aspects of Mars atmospheric science from the surface to space, and from now and into the past.

Radiative Transfer

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Author : Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2013-04-15

Radiative Transfer written by Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-15 with Science categories.

This book by a Nobel Laureate provides the foundation for analysis of stellar atmospheres, planetary illumination, and sky radiation. Suitable for students and professionals in physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, and atmospheric studies. 1950 edition.

Radiative Processes In Astrophysics

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Author : George B. Rybicki
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-09-26

Radiative Processes In Astrophysics written by George B. Rybicki and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-26 with Science categories.

Radiative Processes in Astrophysics: This clear, straightforward, and fundamental introduction is designed to present-from a physicist's point of view-radiation processes and their applications to astrophysical phenomena and space science. It covers such topics as radiative transfer theory, relativistic covariance and kinematics, bremsstrahlung radiation, synchrotron radiation, Compton scattering, some plasma effects, and radiative transitions in atoms. Discussion begins with first principles, physically motivating and deriving all results rather than merely presenting finished formulae. However, a reasonably good physics background (introductory quantum mechanics, intermediate electromagnetic theory, special relativity, and some statistical mechanics) is required. Much of this prerequisite material is provided by brief reviews, making the book a self-contained reference for workers in the field as well as the ideal text for senior or first-year graduate students of astronomy, astrophysics, and related physics courses. Radiative Processes in Astrophysics also contains about 75 problems, with solutions, illustrating applications of the material and methods for calculating results. This important and integral section emphasizes physical intuition by presenting important results that are used throughout the main text; it is here that most of the practical astrophysical applications become apparent.

Theory Of Stellar Atmospheres

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Author : Ivan Hubeny
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2014-10-26

Theory Of Stellar Atmospheres written by Ivan Hubeny and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-26 with Science categories.

The most authoritative synthesis of the quantitative spectroscopic analysis of stellar atmospheres This book provides an in-depth and self-contained treatment of the latest advances achieved in quantitative spectroscopic analyses of the observable outer layers of stars and similar objects. Written by two leading researchers in the field, it presents a comprehensive account of both the physical foundations and numerical methods of such analyses. The book is ideal for astronomers who want to acquire deeper insight into the physical foundations of the theory of stellar atmospheres, or who want to learn about modern computational techniques for treating radiative transfer in non-equilibrium situations. It can also serve as a rigorous yet accessible introduction to the discipline for graduate students. Provides a comprehensive, up-to-date account of the field Covers computational methods as well as the underlying physics Serves as an ideal reference book for researchers and a rigorous yet accessible textbook for graduate students An online illustration package is available to professors at press.princeton.edu

An Introduction To Atmospheric Radiation

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Author : K. N. Liou
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2002-04-29

An Introduction To Atmospheric Radiation written by K. N. Liou and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-04-29 with Nature categories.

Fundamentals of radiation for atmospheric applications -- Solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere -- Absorption and scattering of solar radiation in the atmosphere -- Thermal infrared radiation transfer in the atmosphere -- Light scattering by atmospheric particulates -- Principles of radiative transfer in planetary atmospheres -- Application of radiative transfer principles to remote sensing -- Radiation and climate.

Observing Systems For Atmospheric Composition

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Author : Guido Visconti
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-03-20

Observing Systems For Atmospheric Composition written by Guido Visconti and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-03-20 with Science categories.

One challenge in atmospheric chemistry is understanding the intercontinental transport and transformation of gases and aerosols. This book describes observational and modeling techniques used to understand atmospheric composition from satellites, aircraft and ground based platforms. Common ideas presented throughout are the role of each component in an observing system for atmospheric composition, and advances necessary to improve understanding of atmospheric composition.