Nonmeasurable Sets And Functions
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Nonmeasurable Sets And Functions
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Author : Alexander Kharazishvili
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2004-05-29
Nonmeasurable Sets And Functions written by Alexander Kharazishvili and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-29 with Mathematics categories.
The book is devoted to various constructions of sets which are nonmeasurable with respect to invariant (more generally, quasi-invariant) measures. Our starting point is the classical Vitali theorem stating the existence of subsets of the real line which are not measurable in the Lebesgue sense. This theorem stimulated the development of the following interesting topics in mathematics:1. Paradoxical decompositions of sets in finite-dimensional Euclidean spaces;2. The theory of non-real-valued-measurable cardinals;3. The theory of invariant (quasi-invariant)extensions of invariant (quasi-invariant) measures.These topics are under consideration in the book. The role of nonmeasurable sets (functions) in point set theory and real analysis is underlined and various classes of such sets (functions) are investigated . Among them there are: Vitali sets, Bernstein sets, Sierpinski sets, nontrivial solutions of the Cauchy functional equation, absolutely nonmeasurable sets in uncountable groups, absolutely nonmeasurable additive functions, thick uniform subsets of the plane, small nonmeasurable sets, absolutely negligible sets, etc. The importance of properties of nonmeasurable sets for various aspects of the measure extension problem is shown. It is also demonstrated that there are close relationships between the existence of nonmeasurable sets and some deep questions of axiomatic set theory, infinite combinatorics, set-theoretical topology, general theory of commutative groups. Many open attractive problems are formulated concerning nonmeasurable sets and functions.· highlights the importance of nonmeasurable sets (functions) for general measure extension problem.· Deep connections of the topic with set theory, real analysis, infinite combinatorics, group theory and geometry of Euclidean spaces shown and underlined.· self-contained and accessible for a wide audience of potential readers.· Each chapter ends with exercises which provide valuable additional information about nonmeasurable sets and functions.· Numerous open problems and questions.
Topics In Set Theory
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Author : Mohamed Bekkali
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2006-12-08
Topics In Set Theory written by Mohamed Bekkali and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-12-08 with Mathematics categories.
During the Fall Semester of 1987, Stevo Todorcevic gave a series of lectures at the University of Colorado. These notes of the course, taken by the author, give a novel and fast exposition of four chapters of Set Theory. The first two chapters are about the connection between large cardinals and Lebesque measure. The third is on forcing axioms such as Martin's axiom or the Proper Forcing Axiom. The fourth chapter looks at the method of minimal walks and p-functions and their applications. The book is addressed to researchers and graduate students interested in Set Theory, Set-Theoretic Topology and Measure Theory.
Set Theoretical Aspects Of Real Analysis
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Author : Alexander B. Kharazishvili
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-08-26
Set Theoretical Aspects Of Real Analysis written by Alexander B. Kharazishvili and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-26 with Mathematics categories.
Set Theoretical Aspects of Real Analysis is built around a number of questions in real analysis and classical measure theory, which are of a set theoretic flavor. Accessible to graduate students, and researchers the beginning of the book presents introductory topics on real analysis and Lebesgue measure theory. These topics highlight the boundary between fundamental concepts of measurability and nonmeasurability for point sets and functions. The remainder of the book deals with more specialized material on set theoretical real analysis. The book focuses on certain logical and set theoretical aspects of real analysis. It is expected that the first eleven chapters can be used in a course on Lebesque measure theory that highlights the fundamental concepts of measurability and non-measurability for point sets and functions. Provided in the book are problems of varying difficulty that range from simple observations to advanced results. Relatively difficult exercises are marked by asterisks and hints are included with additional explanation. Five appendices are included to supply additional background information that can be read alongside, before, or after the chapters. Dealing with classical concepts, the book highlights material not often found in analysis courses. It lays out, in a logical, systematic manner, the foundations of set theory providing a readable treatment accessible to graduate students and researchers.
The Lebesgue Integral For Undergraduates
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Author : William Johnston
language : en
Publisher: The Mathematical Association of America
Release Date : 2015-09-25
The Lebesgue Integral For Undergraduates written by William Johnston and has been published by The Mathematical Association of America this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-25 with Mathematics categories.
In 1902, modern function theory began when Henri Lebesgue described a new "integral calculus." His "Lebesgue integral" handles more functions than the traditional integral-so many more that mathematicians can study collections (spaces) of functions. For example, it defines a distance between any two functions in a space. This book describes these ideas in an elementary accessible way. Anyone who has mastered calculus concepts of limits, derivatives, and series can enjoy the material. Unlike any other text, this book brings analysis research topics within reach of readers even just beginning to think about functions from a theoretical point of view.
The Axiom Of Choice
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Author : Thomas J. Jech
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2008-01-01
The Axiom Of Choice written by Thomas J. Jech and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with Mathematics categories.
Comprehensive and self-contained text examines the axiom's relative strengths and consequences, including its consistency and independence, relation to permutation models, and examples and counterexamples of its use. 1973 edition.
Set Theory For The Working Mathematician
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Author : Krzysztof Ciesielski
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1997-08-28
Set Theory For The Working Mathematician written by Krzysztof Ciesielski and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-08-28 with Mathematics categories.
Presents those methods of modern set theory most applicable to other areas of pure mathematics.
An Introduction To Measure Theory
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Author : Terence Tao
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 2021-09-03
An Introduction To Measure Theory written by Terence Tao and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-03 with Education categories.
This is a graduate text introducing the fundamentals of measure theory and integration theory, which is the foundation of modern real analysis. The text focuses first on the concrete setting of Lebesgue measure and the Lebesgue integral (which in turn is motivated by the more classical concepts of Jordan measure and the Riemann integral), before moving on to abstract measure and integration theory, including the standard convergence theorems, Fubini's theorem, and the Carathéodory extension theorem. Classical differentiation theorems, such as the Lebesgue and Rademacher differentiation theorems, are also covered, as are connections with probability theory. The material is intended to cover a quarter or semester's worth of material for a first graduate course in real analysis. There is an emphasis in the text on tying together the abstract and the concrete sides of the subject, using the latter to illustrate and motivate the former. The central role of key principles (such as Littlewood's three principles) as providing guiding intuition to the subject is also emphasized. There are a large number of exercises throughout that develop key aspects of the theory, and are thus an integral component of the text. As a supplementary section, a discussion of general problem-solving strategies in analysis is also given. The last three sections discuss optional topics related to the main matter of the book.
Strange Functions In Real Analysis
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Author : Alexander Kharazishvili
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-10-16
Strange Functions In Real Analysis written by Alexander Kharazishvili and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-16 with Mathematics categories.
Strange Functions in Real Analysis, Third Edition differs from the previous editions in that it includes five new chapters as well as two appendices. More importantly, the entire text has been revised and contains more detailed explanations of the presented material. In doing so, the book explores a number of important examples and constructions of pathological functions. After introducing basic concepts, the author begins with Cantor and Peano-type functions, then moves effortlessly to functions whose constructions require what is essentially non-effective methods. These include functions without the Baire property, functions associated with a Hamel basis of the real line and Sierpinski-Zygmund functions that are discontinuous on each subset of the real line having the cardinality continuum. Finally, the author considers examples of functions whose existence cannot be established without the help of additional set-theoretical axioms. On the whole, the book is devoted to strange functions (and point sets) in real analysis and their applications.
Topics In Measure Theory And Real Analysis
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Author : Alexander Kharazishvili
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-11-01
Topics In Measure Theory And Real Analysis written by Alexander Kharazishvili and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-01 with Mathematics categories.
This book highlights various topics on measure theory and vividly demonstrates that the different questions of this theory are closely connected with the central measure extension problem. Several important aspects of the measure extension problem are considered separately: set-theoretical, topological and algebraic. Also, various combinations (e.g., algebraic-topological) of these aspects are discussed by stressing their specific features. Several new methods are presented for solving the above mentioned problem in concrete situations. In particular, the following new results are obtained: the measure extension problem is completely solved for invariant or quasi-invariant measures on solvable uncountable groups; non-separable extensions of invariant measures are constructed by using their ergodic components; absolutely non-measurable additive functionals are constructed for certain classes of measures; the structure of algebraic sums of measure zero sets is investigated. The material presented in this book is essentially self-contained and is oriented towards a wide audience of mathematicians (including postgraduate students). New results and facts given in the book are based on (or closely connected with) traditional topics of set theory, measure theory and general topology such as: infinite combinatorics, Martin's Axiom and the Continuum Hypothesis, Luzin and Sierpinski sets, universal measure zero sets, theorems on the existence of measurable selectors, regularity properties of Borel measures on metric spaces, and so on. Essential information on these topics is also included in the text (primarily, in the form of Appendixes or Exercises), which enables potential readers to understand the proofs and follow the constructions in full details. This not only allows the book to be used as a monograph but also as a course of lectures for students whose interests lie in set theory, real analysis, measure theory and general topology.
Strange Functions In Real Analysis Second Edition
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Author : Alexander Kharazishvili
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2005-12-20
Strange Functions In Real Analysis Second Edition written by Alexander Kharazishvili and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-12-20 with Mathematics categories.
Weierstrass and Blancmange nowhere differentiable functions, Lebesgue integrable functions with everywhere divergent Fourier series, and various nonintegrable Lebesgue measurable functions. While dubbed strange or "pathological," these functions are ubiquitous throughout mathematics and play an important role in analysis, not only as counterexamples of seemingly true and natural statements, but also to stimulate and inspire the further development of real analysis. Strange Functions in Real Analysis explores a number of important examples and constructions of pathological functions. After introducing the basic concepts, the author begins with Cantor and Peano-type functions, then moves to functions whose constructions require essentially noneffective methods. These include functions without the Baire property, functions associated with a Hamel basis of the real line, and Sierpinski-Zygmund functions that are discontinuous on each subset of the real line having the cardinality continuum. Finally, he considers examples of functions whose existence cannot be established without the help of additional set-theoretical axioms and demonstrates that their existence follows from certain set-theoretical hypotheses, such as the Continuum Hypothesis.