North American Black Carbon Emissions Estimation Guidelines
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North American Black Carbon Emissions Estimation Guidelines
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Author : Eastern Research Group, Inc
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
North American Black Carbon Emissions Estimation Guidelines written by Eastern Research Group, Inc and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Electronic books categories.
North American Black Carbon Emissions Estimation Guidelines
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
North American Black Carbon Emissions Estimation Guidelines written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
The information contained herein is the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the views of the CEC, or the governments of Canada, Mexico or the United States of America. [...] While the BC emission inventories cover the breadth of important emission sources and provide complete estimates of BC emissions in the United States, the inventory method in the report generally focuses on how BC emissions were derived from existing PM inventories. [...] US National Emissions Inventory Understanding the methods and data sources for the US BC emission inventory requires understanding the methods and sources for the PM estimates in the NEI. [...] Mexico National Emissions Inventory For those sectors not included in the SNAP report, but considered significant sources of BC in either the European guidance or the US Report to Congress, the team reviewed the results of the 2008 NEI for Mexico, developed by the Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources (Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales-Semarnat). [...] The process for adapting the tiers to North America depended on the evaluation of Canadian, Mexican, and United States methods and data sources compared to the EMEP/EEA tiers.
Lignes Directrices Relatives L Valuation Des Missions De Carbone Noir En Am Rique Du Nord
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Author :
language : fr
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Lignes Directrices Relatives L Valuation Des Missions De Carbone Noir En Am Rique Du Nord written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
À partir de ces travaux initiaux et de l'apport du groupe d'experts, les lignes directrices ont été compilées de manière à recommander des sources précises de facteurs d'émission, de données sur l'activité et de facteurs de spéciation, dans le but de fournir suffisamment de détails pour permettre aux concepteurs des inventaires en Amérique du Nord de dresser des inventaires des émissions de carbon [...] Ces lignes directrices, qui constituent le présent document, fournissent un ensemble uniforme de méthodes visant à améliorer la précision des estimations des émissions de CN en Amérique du Nord, de sorte qu'il soit possible de dresser des inventaires fiables et cohérents permettant de fixer les niveaux de référence et des mesures de réduction prioritaires en fonction des catégories de sources ou d [...] Pour les méthodes de niveau 1, un tableau des facteurs d'émission et de spéciation recommandés est fourni pour chaque sous-secteur dans l'annexe B. Les lignes directrices traitent aussi de questions relatives à la validation et au niveau d'incertitude des inventaires, ainsi que de pratiques exemplaires de gestion de données et de présentation de rapports. [...] Le domaine de recherche le plus important est peut-être celui de l'amélioration des facteurs de spéciation du CN, de manière à tenir compte des propriétés d'absorption de la lumière et à harmoniser le degré de détail de ces facteurs avec celui des facteurs d'émission de PM sous-jacents. [...] Ces lignes directrices avaient pour objet de fournir un ensemble uniforme de méthodes visant à améliorer la précision des évaluations des émissions de CN en Amérique du Nord, de telle sorte qu'il soit possible de dresser des inventaires fiables et cohérents permettant de déterminer des niveaux de référence et des mesures de réduction prioritaires, en fonction des catégories de sources ou des empla.
Improved Emission Inventories Of Slcp
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2015-04-23
Improved Emission Inventories Of Slcp written by and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-23 with categories.
Emission inventories of Short Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP), and especially of Black Carbon (BC), are uncertain and not always comparable. Comparable and reliable emission inventories are essential when aiming for efficient strategies and policies for reduced emissions. This report presents the Nordic emissions and emission inventories of SLCP, the important emission sources and their development over time. It also discusses knowledge gaps, factors contributing to the uncertainties, and possibilities for improved emission estimates. The overall objective of the three-year project is to improve the Nordic emission inventories of Short Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP), with a focus on Black Carbon (BC). This report presents the results from the first phase of the project, an analysis of the present status of knowledge, with focus on BC and particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions from residential biomass combustion, on-road and non-road diesel vehicles, and shipping. The next phase will draw on the results from this background analysis in designing and implementing an emission measurement program, where the objective is to expand the knowledge and develop well documented and reliable emission factors, primarily for BC, for use in future national emission inventories.
The Greenhouse Gas Protocol
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Business Pub.
Release Date : 2004
The Greenhouse Gas Protocol written by and has been published by World Business Pub. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Business enterprises categories.
The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.
Estimating Global Black Carbon Emissions Using A Top Down Kalman Filter Approach
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Author : Jason Blake Cohen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Estimating Global Black Carbon Emissions Using A Top Down Kalman Filter Approach written by Jason Blake Cohen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Black carbon (BC) is an important aerosol constituent in the atmosphere and climate forcer. A good understanding of the radiative forcing of BC and associated climate feedback and response is critical to minimize the uncertainty in predicting current and future climate influenced by anthropogenic aerosols. One reason for this uncertainty is that current emission inventories of BC are mostly obtained from the so-called bottom-up approach, an approach that derives emissions based on categorized emitting sources and emission factors used to convert burning mass to emissions. In this work, we provide a first global-scale top-down estimation of global BC emissions, as well as an estimated error range, by using a Kalman Filter. This method uses data of both column aerosol absorption optical depth and surface concentrations from global and regional networks to constrain our fully coupled climate-aerosol-urban model and thus to derive an optimized estimate of BC emissions as 17.8±5.6 Tg/yr, a factor of more than 2 higher than commonly used global BC emissions data sets. We further perform 22 additional optimization simulations that incorporate the known uncertain ranges of various important physical, model, and measurement parameters and still yield an optimized value within the above given range, from a low of 14.6 Tg/yr to a high of 22.2 Tg/yr. Furthermore, we show that the emissions difference between our optimized and a priori estimation is not uniform, with East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Eastern Europe underestimated, while North America is overestimated in the a priori inventory.
The Greening Of Us Free Trade Agreements
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Author : Linda Allen
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-08-20
The Greening Of Us Free Trade Agreements written by Linda Allen and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-20 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides an up-to-date critical analysis of the integration of environmental policies into US free trade agreements. The work focuses on the evolution of the design of environmental policies and analyzes their effectiveness. Starting with the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) leading to the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), the book examines the history of policy integration. In doing so, it provides an overview of the major trade-related environmental policies and presents empirical research on their effectiveness, a discussion of the continued demand for policy integration in light of the effectiveness, and recommendations for addressing shortcomings. The main objective of the book is to inform the ongoing policy debate over integration of environmental policies into trade agreements. The current renegotiation of NAFTA provides an opportune time for undertaking this critical review of trade-related environmental policies. As our understanding and knowledge of the environmental policies associated with US trade agreements, in particular for NAFTA, has grown significantly over the past twenty-five years, this book provides a timely and critical update for this policy debate. Students and scholars of environmental law, trade and economics, and specifically US trade, environmental policy and law will find this book of great interest.
The North American Carbon Budget And Implications For The Global Carbon Cycle
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
The North American Carbon Budget And Implications For The Global Carbon Cycle written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) categories.
Accompanying CD-ROM contains full text of book and appendixes. Cf. menu frames of CD-ROM.
Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards Passenger Cars And Light Trucks Model Years 2012 2016
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards Passenger Cars And Light Trucks Model Years 2012 2016 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Federal Register
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-02
Federal Register written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02 with Delegated legislation categories.