Novel Method For Measuring The Time Of Death On Teeth Based On Liquid Contents Reflection Spectra And Colour
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Novel Method Of Measuring The Time Of Death On The Tooth Peer Reviewed
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Author : Hoffmann André
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Novel Method Of Measuring The Time Of Death On The Tooth Peer Reviewed written by Hoffmann André and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
Novel Method For Measuring The Time Of Death On Teeth Based On Liquid Contents Reflection Spectra And Colour
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Author : André Hoffmann
language : en
Publisher: Hoffmann
Release Date : 2004-05-25
Novel Method For Measuring The Time Of Death On Teeth Based On Liquid Contents Reflection Spectra And Colour written by André Hoffmann and has been published by Hoffmann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-25 with True Crime categories.
Knowing about the time of death is often the central key to solving criminal cases. The time of death is also relevant in cases of natural death - for the family register entry, for the insurance system or the succession... However, the forensic medical estimation of the time of death (postmortal interval) is still not without limitations - especially if it should be precise or if it cannot be done relatively immediately after onset of death. With the onset of death, various processes begin to set in place that change a corpse and its tissues over the time axis. If it were possible to find a process in a certain tissue that would behave precisely like one or, better, several clockworks, and if it were still possible to reset the time to the state before or at the time of death, if it would also be possible that these synchronous clocks run again, and if it were also possible to run the elapsed time after death in real time on the identical individual to be examined or the identical examination object under comparable conditions (simulation), the perfect and most precise method for determining the time of death would be born. The author of the present work has observed that teeth of dead appear much brighter, differently coloured and less translucent and more opaque than teeth of living people and that dental colour changes are based on reversible drying and liquid absorption processes and can be measured with high precision and very differentiated values - he revealed phenomena, paradoxes, dynamics and liquid flow and articulates the "dental fingerprint" for identification, "tooth clock", "tooth memory" ... He measures the loss of liquid in ranges of up to one millionth of a gram, in the microgram range, as well as the colour and reflection spectra with high-precision measuring systems and he sees a fundamental possibility in the use of processes that he has measured and analyzed on drying and liquid-absorbing teeth and he is presenting a novel method for the first time. Furthermore, for the first time, he also presents a reference-independent approach (perhaps the first reference-independent analysis or measurement method in the natural sciences) based on drying up to the time of the first measurement, liquid storage and repeated drying - the actual simulation. For this reference-independent method approach, in contrast to his reference-dependent method, it does not necessarily need reference values, i.e. values that had to be obtained beforehand on other, comparable samples (see nomogram), but only values that were obtained previously on the identical object. For the first time, the "scattering problem" was circumvented - the way to a high-precision method? The novel method of analyzing and measuring the time of death seems to have a number of advantages: objectifying measurement instead of subjective estimations of stages; several independent values, such as L *, a *, b *, C *, h, M, spectral values, instead of just one numerical value (temperature in degrees) in the case of the body cooling method, reversibility instead of irreversibility of the processes and thus, after sufficient liquid storage, repeatability of the post-mortem conditions and consequently the post-mortem interval up to the first measurement in the context of a simulation under comparable conditions on the identical object and thus avoidance of the "scattering problem", avoidance of intra- and inter-individual differences on both sides of the autopsy table - for the estimating and for the estimated individual, time of death measurement on site or high-precision measurements with high-precision positioning systems instead of measurement with thermometers, in the author's vision, comfortable measurements of various samples independently of one another within an automatic analyzer simulating ambient conditions in the laboratory instead ... - A breakthrough?
Systematic Research And Analysis Of The Tooth Colour
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Author : André Hoffmann
language : en
Publisher: Hoffmann
Release Date : 2005-10-31
Systematic Research And Analysis Of The Tooth Colour written by André Hoffmann and has been published by Hoffmann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10-31 with Medical categories.
André Hoffmann, innovator, researcher and developer, pioneer in the field of optical technologies (photonics), systematically researched the tooth colour and its origin with highest precision (see publication in 2000). This book shows an excerpt of this systematic original research at human teeth and dental shade guides with high-precision measuring systems and high-precision positioning system in vitro. Due to his basic scientific research, he was able to quantify and isolate manifold factors influencing the colour of teeth. These include, for example, the light or measuring light and the type of light (illuminant) and illumination and colour temperature, the optical beam path of the light or the measuring geometry, the observation angle (2°, 10°), the size of the measuring surface, and measuring opening, the gloss, the liquid content (with scientific evidence of the relationship between liquid content and tooth colour), effect of drying, moisture and rehydration, the correlation between the liquid content and the gloss effect, the subjectivity of visual subjective shade matching, crown curvature, type of system (spectrophotometer, tristimulus colorimeter), measuring mode (contact or non-contact), system-object-relation, positioning, repeatability or reproducibility, lens shift, displacement between sample and measuring surface and further intra- and interindividual factors. In addition, subjective-visual determinations and objectified measurements were examined in subjective-objective comparisons using colour coordinates comparisons. All these influencing factors are investigated on moist, drying, drier (various specific dehydration and rehydration states) and dry teeth based on the brightness (L*), on colour measurement values, such as a*, b* (CIELAB), C*, h, (CIELCH), ΔE, on the metamerism index, on spectral values and curves, tabs of dental shade guides and on tooth colour spaces ... As part of this exploration, phenomena (e.g. changes and breaks in behaviour as well as highly individual developments in colour values, paradoxes between the values of subjective determination using shade guides and the values of objective measurements) were identified and insights into the very complex colour dynamics through dehydration and rehydration were shown (up to more than >8 days). The development of the individual colour measurement values was based on the liquid flow through the tooth and its tissues, in particular during drying and rehydration, and gave information about dynamics and the temporal extent of these processes. On the basis of this data, Hoffmann had developed several methods for research and practice, suggestions for feasible innovations, such as monitoring of dental treatment to protect against pulp damage based on drying, and reconstructing the colour of naturally moist teeth on those that have already dried, the identification of the living and the dead, human and animals via the "dental fingerprint" and a novel method of measuring the time of death for forensic medicine. He also described a time limit of drying up to which relatively natural, suitable colour values and shade matching results can be obtained and after which no colour determination should be carried out; and he established the rehydration time after the end of the drying or dental treatment, which must be waited in order to regain a natural tooth colour and to get correct values and results again. His findings also show that teeth are able to store information on, for example, the condition (liquid content, colour values) and the time within the drying and liquid re-absorption chronology. The author articulates a "dental chronometer" ("tooth clock"), "dental data store" ("tooth data store") and a "dental memory" ("tooth memory") and believes that significant progress in this field may include and could be achieved via a neural network for colour measurement apparatus. A book for anyone interested in the natural sciences.
Apc Insight Into Essentials Of Forensic Medicine And Toxicology
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Author : Anil Aggrawal
language : en
Publisher: Avichal Publishing Company
Release Date :
Apc Insight Into Essentials Of Forensic Medicine And Toxicology written by Anil Aggrawal and has been published by Avichal Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
This sample provides glimpses of the book “Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology”, to give an idea of the contents and information contained in the book, to the readers. You may buy the book at flipkart.com or amazon.in. International buyers may buy the book at amazon.com. For further queries about the book, you may contact the publishers at [email protected] or visit www.apcbooks.co.in.
Bulletin Of The Atomic Scientists
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970-10
Bulletin Of The Atomic Scientists written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970-10 with categories.
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Dental Caries
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2018-09-19
Dental Caries written by and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-19 with Medical categories.
This book provides information to the readers starting with the history of oral hygiene manners, and modern oral hygiene practices. It continues with the prevalence and etiology of caries and remedy of caries through natural sources. Etiology of secondary caries in prosthetic restorations and the relationship between orthodontic treatment and caries is addressed. An update of early childhood caries is presented. The use of visual-tactile method, radiography and fluorescence in caries detection is given. The book finishes with methods used for the prevention of white spot lesions and management of caries.
Bulletin Of The Atomic Scientists
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1959-02
Bulletin Of The Atomic Scientists written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1959-02 with categories.
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
The Glossary Of Prosthodontic Terms
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
The Glossary Of Prosthodontic Terms written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Prosthodontics categories.
Backpacker
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001-03
Backpacker written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-03 with categories.
Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Popular Mechanics
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000-01
Popular Mechanics written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01 with categories.
Popular Mechanics inspires, instructs and influences readers to help them master the modern world. Whether it’s practical DIY home-improvement tips, gadgets and digital technology, information on the newest cars or the latest breakthroughs in science -- PM is the ultimate guide to our high-tech lifestyle.