Numeric Modelling Of Water Hammer Effects In Penstocks

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Numeric Modelling Of Water Hammer Effects In Penstocks

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Author : Dominic Bernard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013

Numeric Modelling Of Water Hammer Effects In Penstocks written by Dominic Bernard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with University of Ottawa theses categories.

Water hammer represents a complex hydraulic phenomenon with significant consequences on the proper functioning and safety of operation for pipe and conduit systems. The complexity and intricate physics of water hammer translated into significant difficulties associated firstly, with finding a proper solution for understanding the mechanism of its occurrence and, secondly, relating to proposing technically and economically viable design methods and devices that would help reduce and mitigate water hammer effects. In this context, the present thesis deals with the numerical modeling of the transient behaviour of water pipe segments. Following an extensive literature review of the state-of-the-art on the water hammer mechanisms and past work on experimental, analytical and numerical analysis of this phenomenon, a three dimensional numerical model of the water hammer in a pipe which considers the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) is developed using a Finite Element Method --Finite Volume Method (FEM-FVM) technique. Structural and fluid computational results based on rapid and slow gate closure scenarios are compared with existing closed-form solutions of the water hammer. A parametric study is also performed on a simply supported pipe segment to determine the influence of various design parameter. A systematic sensitivity analysis was conducted and a ranking mechanism was established for the importance of each parameter on the fluid fields and structural response. A first comparative analysis is conducted on horizontally and vertically bent elevated pipe segments to quantify the influence of the bend angle on the results. A second comparative analysis is performed on a horizontally bent segment buried in soil to determine the influence of the pipe interaction with the soil on the response. It is observed that the thickness, span, initial velocity and bend angle had a significant impact on the pressure and structural response. The presence of soil was observed to have a significant benefit in decreasing the von-Mises stresses.

Proceedings Of Eece 2019

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Author : Borodinecs Anatolijs
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-04-29

Proceedings Of Eece 2019 written by Borodinecs Anatolijs and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of energy, environmental and construction engineering, as presented by international researchers and engineers at the International Scientific Conference Energy, Environmental and Construction Engineering, held in St. Petersburg, Russia on November 19-20, 2019. It covers highly diverse topics, including BIM; bridges, roads and tunnels; building materials; energy efficient and green buildings; structural mechanics; fluid mechanics; measuring technologies; environmental management; power consumption management; renewable energy; smart cities; and waste management. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations.

1d And 3d Water Hammer Models

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Author : Sharon Mandair
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

1d And 3d Water Hammer Models written by Sharon Mandair and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.

Hydraulic systems are a critical part of modern infrastructure. In systems such as water distribution and electricity generation, perturbations in operations and therefore transient flow conditions are unavoidable. In light of the potential damage they can inflict, the study of hydraulic transients remains an important field of interest; one in which numerical methods play a key role. Numerical techniques are therefore at the heart of this investigation, applying the one-dimensional Method of Characteristics (MOC), and the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using finite volumes. These two models are complementary. MOC is simple and cost effective but only applicable to pipe systems and networks; whereas CFD has a more native representation of the physics, and can model multi-dimensional features, but at a steep computational cost. The MOC and CFD models are applied to two case studies of water-hammer hydraulics. The first is high shear pipe flow, looking closely at the fundamental physics of water-hammer, acoustic wave propagation and reflection, and dissipation. The physics are explored in energetic terms, applying the integral total energy analysis. In a context where MOC solvers are ideal, CFD is used to evaluate potential gaps in these simple models. The second case study is a load rejection at a large hydropower station. In the context of a changing electricity supply, which includes more variable renewable sources, the inherent dispatchability of hydropower begins to play a new role. Consequently, the underlying mechanical infrastructure is being exposed to damaging transient hydraulics. In this case study, MOC and CFD solvers are coupled to study the influence of a long penstock during a load rejection. MOC is used to represent the penstock, while CFD represents the turbomachine from the spiral casing to the draft tube. The study identifies the risk for severe wear and tear on the machine blades; however, importantly the role of the penstock seems to be limited to the determination of the background flow and pressure seen by the machine. The analysis shows that vortex circulation within the runner is the source of high amplitude pressure loading, while compressibility have a limited effect. Les systèmes hydrauliques sont des composantes critiques des infrastructures modernes. Les systèmes de distribution d'eau et de production hydro-électrique subissent inévitablement des changements de leur mode d'opérations, et doivent par conséquent composer avec des écoulements transitoires. Puisqu'ils peuvent endommager les machines et les structures, les transitoires hydrauliques constituent un domaine d'études important, où les méthodes numériques jouent un rôle clé. Les techniques numériques sont donc au coeur de cette étude qui utilise la méthode des caractéristique (MOC) uni-dimensionnelle, ainsi que la dynamique des fluides numérique (CFD) en trois dimensions avec des volumes finis. Les deux modèles sont complémentaires. Le modèle MOC est simple et efficace, mais c'est une approximation qui ne s'applique qu'aux systèmes et aux réseaux de conduite. La CFD utilise une représentation plus proches des lois de la physique, et permet de modéliser les phénomènes multidimensionnels, mais au prix d'un temps de calcul important. Ces modèles, MOC et CFD, sont appliqués à deux cas de coup de bélier. Le premier est l'écoulement dans une conduite avec un fort cisaillement. L'étude se concentre sur la physique du coup de bélier, la propagation et la réflexion d'un front d'onde acoustique, et sa dissipation. Ces phénomènes physiques sont explorés en termes énergétiques, en appliquant le concept d'énergie totale intégrée. Dans un contexte où les modèles MOC sont idéaux, la CFD est utilisée ici pour évaluer les limitations de ces modèles simples. Le deuxième cas est l'étude d'un rejet de charge dans une grande centrale d'hydro-électricité. Dans un contexte où la production électrique change pour inclure les énergies renouvelables et variables, la flexibilité intrinsèque de l'hydro-électricité commence à jouer un rôle nouveau. Par conséquent, les transitoires hydrauliques sont une source de dommages potentiels aux infrastructures mécaniques. Dans cette étude, les modèles MOC et CFD sont couplés afin d'évaluer l'importance de la conduite forcée lors d'un délestage. Un modèle MOC est utilisé pour simuler la conduite, et un modèle CFD pour simuler la turbine, de la bâche spirale à l'aspirateur. L'étude identifie des risques d'endommagement sur les aubes. Le rôle de la conduite semble limité à la détermination du débit et du niveau de pression moyens vus par la machine. L'analyse démontre que les vortex qui circulent entre les aubes de la roue créent de grandes fluctuations de pression; toutefois le rôle de la compressibilité est limité.

The Water Hammer Problem And Its Numerical Analysis

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023

The Water Hammer Problem And Its Numerical Analysis written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.

Selected Water Resources Abstracts

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982

Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Water categories.

Proceedings Of Geotechnical Challenges In Mining Tunneling And Underground Infrastructures

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Author : Amit Kumar Verma
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-03

Proceedings Of Geotechnical Challenges In Mining Tunneling And Underground Infrastructures written by Amit Kumar Verma and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-03 with Science categories.

This book consists of selected papers presented at the International Conference on Geotechnical Challenges in Mining, Tunneling and Underground Infrastructures (ICGMTU), held as a virtual conference on December 20, 2021. The papers represent the research work in the related fields of underground mining, ground control, mining geotechnics, geo-instrumentation, mine tunnelling, and underground structures. It focuses on the latest technology being implemented including artificial intelligence and machine learning applications to solve challenges in mining tunneling and geotechnical structure engineering. It also highlights the state-of-the-art technologies adopted by the civil and mining industry for their commercial as well as environmental benefits. The papers are presented by an international pool of academics, research scientist, and industrial experts and therefore cater to the global audience from the field of underground engineering.

Civil Engineering Hydraulics Abstracts

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988

Civil Engineering Hydraulics Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Hydraulic engineering categories.

Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of Water Hammer In A Large Scale Pvc Pipeline Apparatus

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Author : Anton Bergant
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011

Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of Water Hammer In A Large Scale Pvc Pipeline Apparatus written by Anton Bergant and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.

Design And Modeling Of Mechanical Systems Iv

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Author : Nizar Aifaoui
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-02-26

Design And Modeling Of Mechanical Systems Iv written by Nizar Aifaoui and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book offers a collection of original peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 8th International Congress on Design and Modeling of Mechanical Systems (CMSM’2019), held in Hammamet, Tunisia, from the 18th to the 20th of March 2019. It reports on research, innovative industrial applications and case studies concerning mechanical systems and related to modeling and analysis of materials and structures, multiphysics methods, nonlinear dynamics, fluid structure interaction and vibroacoustics, design and manufacturing engineering. Continuing on the tradition of the previous editions, these proceedings offers a broad overview of the state-of-the art in the field and a useful resource for academic and industry specialists active in the field of design and modeling of mechanical systems. CMSM’2019 was jointly organized by two leading Tunisian research laboratories: the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of the National Engineering School of Monastir, University of Monastir and the Mechanical, Modeling and Manufacturing Laboratory of the National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax.

Selected Problems In Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer

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Author : Artur J. Jaworski
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-09-20

Selected Problems In Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer written by Artur J. Jaworski and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Fluid flow and heat transfer processes play an important role in many areas of science and engineering, from the planetary scale (e.g., influencing weather and climate) to the microscopic scales of enhancing heat transfer by the use of nanofluids; understood in the broadest possible sense, they also underpin the performance of many energy systems. This topical Special Issue of Energies is dedicated to the recent advances in this very broad field. This book will be of interest to readers not only in the fields of mechanical, aerospace, chemical, process and petroleum, energy, earth, civil ,and flow instrumentation engineering but, equally, biological and medical sciences, as well as physics and mathematics; that is, anywhere that “fluid flow and heat transfer” phenomena may play an important role or be a subject of worthy research pursuits.