Numerical Simulation Of Co 1tn2 Sequestration In Geological Formations
DOWNLOAD
Download Numerical Simulation Of Co 1tn2 Sequestration In Geological Formations PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Numerical Simulation Of Co 1tn2 Sequestration In Geological Formations book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Numerical Simulation Of Co 1tn2 Sequestration In Geological Formations
DOWNLOAD
Author : Andreas Bielinski
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Numerical Simulation Of Co 1tn2 Sequestration In Geological Formations written by Andreas Bielinski and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Data Driven Analytics For The Geological Storage Of Co2
DOWNLOAD
Author : Shahab Mohaghegh
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-05-20
Data Driven Analytics For The Geological Storage Of Co2 written by Shahab Mohaghegh and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-20 with Science categories.
Data-driven analytics is enjoying unprecedented popularity among oil and gas professionals. Many reservoir engineering problems associated with geological storage of CO2 require the development of numerical reservoir simulation models. This book is the first to examine the contribution of artificial intelligence and machine learning in data-driven analytics of fluid flow in porous environments, including saline aquifers and depleted gas and oil reservoirs. Drawing from actual case studies, this book demonstrates how smart proxy models can be developed for complex numerical reservoir simulation models. Smart proxy incorporates pattern recognition capabilities of artificial intelligence and machine learning to build smart models that learn the intricacies of physical, mechanical and chemical interactions using precise numerical simulations. This ground breaking technology makes it possible and practical to use high fidelity, complex numerical reservoir simulation models in the design, analysis and optimization of carbon storage in geological formations projects.
Numerical Simulation And Optimization Of Co2 Sequestration In Saline Aquifers
DOWNLOAD
Author : Zheming Zhang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Numerical Simulation And Optimization Of Co2 Sequestration In Saline Aquifers written by Zheming Zhang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Electronic dissertations categories.
With heightened concerns on CO2 emissions from pulverized-coal power plants, there has been major emphasis in recent years on the development of safe and economical Geological Carbon Sequestration (GCS) technology. Although among one of the most promising technologies to address the problem of anthropogenic global-warming due to CO2 emissions, the detailed mechanisms of GCS are not well-understood. As a result, there remain many uncertainties in determining the sequestration capacity of the formation/reservoir and the safety of sequestered CO2 due to leakage. These uncertainties arise due to lack of information about the detailed interior geometry of the formation and the heterogeneity in its geological properties such as permeability and porosity which influence the sequestration capacity and plume migration. Furthermore, the sequestration efficiency is highly dependent on the injection strategy which includes injection rate, injection pressure, type of injection well employed and its orientation etc. The goal of GCS is to maximize the sequestration capacity and minimize the plume migration by optimizing the GCS operation before proceeding with its large scale deployment. In this dissertation, numerical simulations of GCS are conducted using the DOE multi-phase flow solver TOUGH2 (Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat). A multi-objective optimization code based on genetic algorithm is developed to optimize the GCS operation for a given geological formation. Most of the studies are conducted for sequestration in a saline formation (aquifer). First, large scale GCS studies are conducted for three identified saline formations for which some experimental data and computations performed by other investigators are available, namely the Mt. Simon formation in Illinois basin, Frio formation in southwest Texas, and the Utsira formation off the coast of Norway. These simulation studies have provided important insights as to the key sources of uncertainties that can influence the accuracy in simulations. For optimization of GCS practice, a genetic algorithm (GA) based optimizer has been developed and combined with TOUGH2. Designated as GA-TOUGH2, this combined solver/optimizer has been validated by performing optimization studies on a number of model problems and comparing the results with brute force optimization which requires large number of simulations. Using GA-TOUGH2, an innovative reservoir engineering technique known as water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection is investigated in the context of GCS; GA-TOUGH2 is applied to determine the optimal WAG operation for enhanced CO2 sequestration capacity. GA-TOUGH2 is also used to perform optimization designs of time-dependent injection rate for optimal injection pressure management, and optimization designs of well distribution for minimum well interference. Results obtained from these optimization designs suggest that over 20% reduction of in situ CO2 footprint, greatly enhanced CO2 dissolution, and significantly improved well injectivity can be achieved by employing GA-TOUGH2. GA-TOUGH2 has also been employed to determine the optimal well placement in a multi-well injection operation. GA-TOUGH2 appears to hold great promise in studying a host of other optimization problems related to GCS.
Numerical Modeling Of Co2 Sequestration In Geologic Formations Recent Results And Open Challenges
DOWNLOAD
Author : Karsten Pruess
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Numerical Modeling Of Co2 Sequestration In Geologic Formations Recent Results And Open Challenges written by Karsten Pruess and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Rising atmospheric concentrations of CO2, and their role inglobal warming, have prompted efforts to reduce emissions of CO2 fromburning of fossil fuels. An attractive mitigation option underconsideration in many countries is the injection of CO2 from stationarysources, such as fossil-fueled power plants, into deep, stable geologicformations, where it would be stored and kept out of the atmosphere fortime periods of hundreds to thousands of years or more. Potentialgeologic storage reservoirs include depleted or depleting oil and gasreservoirs, unmineable coal seams, and saline formations. While oil andgas reservoirs may provide some attractive early targets for CO2 storage, estimates for geographic regions worldwide have suggested that onlysaline formations would provide sufficient storage capacity tosubstantially impact atmospheric releases. This paper will focus on CO2storage in saline formations. Injection of CO2 into a saline aquifer willgive rise to immiscible displacement of brine by the advancing CO2. Thelower viscosity of CO2 relative to aqueous fluids provides a potentialfor hydrodynamic instabilities during the displacement process. Attypical subsurface conditions of temperature and pressure, CO2 is lessdense than aqueous fluids and is subject to upward buoyancy force inenvironments where pressures are controlled by an ambient aqueous phase. Thus CO2 would tend to rise towards the top of a permeable formation andaccumulate beneath the caprock. Some CO2 will also dissolve in theaqueous phase, while the CO2-rich phase may dissolve some formationwaters, which would tend to dry out the vicinity of the injection wells. CO2 will make formation waters more acidic, and will induce chemicalrections that may precipitate and dissolve mineral phases (Xu et al.,2004). As a consequence of CO2 injection, significant pressurization offormation fluids would occur over large areas. These pressurizationeffects will change effective stresses, and may cause movement alongfaults with associated seismicity and increases in permeability thatcould lead to leakage from the storage reservoir (Rutqvist and Tsang,2005).
Geological Storage Of Co2 In Deep Saline Formations
DOWNLOAD
Author : Auli Niemi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-02-24
Geological Storage Of Co2 In Deep Saline Formations written by Auli Niemi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-24 with Science categories.
This book offers readers a comprehensive overview, and an in-depth understanding, of suitable methods for quantifying and characterizing saline aquifers for the geological storage of CO2. It begins with a general overview of the methodology and the processes that take place when CO2 is injected and stored in deep saline-water-containing formations. It subsequently presents mathematical and numerical models used for predicting the consequences of CO2 injection. This book provides descriptions of relevant experimental methods, from laboratory experiments to field scale site characterization and techniques for monitoring spreading of the injected CO2 within the formation. Experiences from a number of important field injection projects are reviewed, as are those from CO2 natural analog sites. Lastly, the book presents relevant risk management methods. Geological storage of CO2 is widely considered to be a key technology capable of substantially reducing the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere, thereby reducing the negative impacts of such releases on the global climate. Around the world, projects are already in full swing, while others are now being initiated and executed to demonstrate the technology. Deep saline formations are the geological formations considered to hold the highest storage potential, due to their abundance worldwide. To date, however, these formations have been relatively poorly characterized, due to their low economic value. Accordingly, the processes involved in injecting and storing CO2 in such formations still need to be better quantified and methods for characterizing, modeling and monitoring this type of CO2 storage in such formations must be rapidly developed and refined.
Mechanisms For Co2 Sequestration In Geological Formations And Enhanced Gas Recovery
DOWNLOAD
Author : Roozbeh Khosrokhavar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-10-28
Mechanisms For Co2 Sequestration In Geological Formations And Enhanced Gas Recovery written by Roozbeh Khosrokhavar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book gives background information why shale formations in the world are important both for storage capacity and enhanced gas recovery (EGR). Part of this book investigates the sequestration capacity in geological formations and the mechanisms for the enhanced storage rate of CO2 in an underlying saline aquifer. The growing concern about global warming has increased interest in geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2). The main mechanism of the enhancement, viz., the occurrence of gravity fingers, which are the vehicles of enhanced transport in saline aquifers, can be visualized using the Schlieren technique. In addition high pressure experiments confirmed that the storage rate is indeed enhanced in porous media. The book is appropriate for graduate students, researchers and advanced professionals in petroleum and chemical engineering. It provides the interested reader with in-depth insights into the possibilities and challenges of CO2 storage and the EGR prospect.
Petrophysical Modeling And Simulation Study Of Geological Co2 Sequestration
DOWNLOAD
Author : Xianhui Kong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Petrophysical Modeling And Simulation Study Of Geological Co2 Sequestration written by Xianhui Kong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Global warming and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have recently become the significant focus of engineering research. The geological sequestration of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) is one approach that has been proposed to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and slow down global warming. Geological sequestration involves the injection of produced CO2 into subsurface formations and trapping the gas through many geological mechanisms, such as structural trapping, capillary trapping, dissolution, and mineralization. While some progress in our understanding of fluid flow in porous media has been made, many petrophysical phenomena, such as multi-phase flow, capillarity, geochemical reactions, geomechanical effect, etc., that occur during geological CO2 sequestration remain inadequately studied and pose a challenge for continued study. It is critical to continue to research on these important issues. Numerical simulators are essential tools to develop a better understanding of the geologic characteristics of brine reservoirs and to build support for future CO2 storage projects. Modeling CO2 injection requires the implementation of multiphase flow model and an Equation of State (EOS) module to compute the dissolution of CO2 in brine and vice versa. In this study, we used the Integrated Parallel Accurate Reservoir Simulator (IPARS) developed at the Center for Subsurface Modeling at The University of Texas at Austin to model the injection process and storage of CO2 in saline aquifers. We developed and implemented new petrophysical models in IPARS, and applied these models to study the process of CO2 sequestration. The research presented in this dissertation is divided into three parts. The first part of the dissertation discusses petrophysical and computational models for the mechanical, geological, petrophysical phenomena occurring during CO2 injection and sequestration. The effectiveness of CO2 storage in saline aquifers is governed by the interplay of capillary, viscous, and buoyancy forces. Recent experimental data reveals the impact of pressure, temperature, and salinity on interfacial tension (IFT) between CO2 and brine. The dependence of CO2-brine relative permeability and capillary pressure on IFT is also clearly evident in published experimental results. Improved understanding of the mechanisms that control the migration and trapping of CO2 in the subsurface is crucial to design future storage projects for long-term, safe containment. We have developed numerical models for CO2 trapping and migration in aquifers, including a compositional flow model, a relative permeability model, a capillary model, an interfacial tension model, and others. The heterogeneities in porosity and permeability are also coupled to the petrophysical models. We have developed and implemented a general relative permeability model that combines the effects of pressure gradient, buoyancy, and capillary pressure in a compositional and parallel simulator. The significance of IFT variations on CO2 migration and trapping is assessed. The variation of residual saturation is modeled based on interfacial tension and trapping number, and a hysteretic trapping model is also presented. The second part of this dissertation is a model validation and sensitivity study using coreflood simulation data derived from laboratory study. The motivation of this study is to gain confidence in the results of the numerical simulator by validating the models and the numerical accuracies using laboratory and field pilot scale results. Published steady state, core-scale CO2/brine displacement results were selected as a reference basis for our numerical study. High-resolution compositional simulations of brine displacement with supercritical CO2 are presented using IPARS. A three-dimensional (3D) numerical model of the Berea sandstone core was constructed using heterogeneous permeability and porosity distributions based on geostatistical data. The measured capillary pressure curve was scaled using the Leverett J-function to include local heterogeneity in the sub-core scale. Simulation results indicate that accurate representation of capillary pressure at sub-core scales is critical. Water drying and the shift in relative permeability had a significant impact on the final CO2 distribution along the core. This study provided insights into the role of heterogeneity in the final CO2 distribution, where a slight variation in porosity gives rise to a large variation in the CO2 saturation distribution. The third part of this study is a simulation study using IPARS for Cranfield pilot CO2 sequestration field test, conducted by the Bureau of Economic Geology (BEG) at The University of Texas at Austin. In this CO2 sequestration project, a total of approximately 2.5 million tons supercritical CO2 was injected into a deep saline aquifer about ~10000 ft deep over 2 years, beginning December 1st 2009. In this chapter, we use the simulation capabilities of IPARS to numerically model the CO2 injection process in Cranfield. We conducted a corresponding history-matching study and got good agreement with field observation. Extensive sensitivity studies were also conducted for CO2 trapping, fluid phase behavior, relative permeability, wettability, gravity and buoyancy, and capillary effects on sequestration. Simulation results are consistent with the observed CO2 breakthrough time at the first observation well. Numerical results are also consistent with bottomhole injection flowing pressure for the first 350 days before the rate increase. The abnormal pressure response with rate increase on day 350 indicates possible geomechanical issues, which can be represented in simulation using an induced fracture near the injection well. The recorded injection well bottomhole pressure data were successfully matched after modeling the fracture in the simulation model. Results also illustrate the importance of using accurate trapping models to predict CO2 immobilization behavior. The impact of CO2/brine relative permeability curves and trapping model on bottom-hole injection pressure is also demonstrated.
Advanced Numerical Simulation Of Co2 Hydrate Formation In Geological Reservoirs By Injection Of Co2 Gas
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher: Natural Resources Canada
Release Date :
Advanced Numerical Simulation Of Co2 Hydrate Formation In Geological Reservoirs By Injection Of Co2 Gas written by and has been published by Natural Resources Canada this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Numerical Simulation Of Co2 Sequestration In Large Saline Aquifers
DOWNLOAD
Author : Zheming Zhang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Numerical Simulation Of Co2 Sequestration In Large Saline Aquifers written by Zheming Zhang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Technology categories.
Numerical Simulation of CO2 Sequestration in Large Saline Aquifers.
Numerical Simulation Of Thermal Hydrological Mechanical Chemical Processes During Co2 Geological Sequestration
DOWNLOAD
Author : Ronglei Zhang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Numerical Simulation Of Thermal Hydrological Mechanical Chemical Processes During Co2 Geological Sequestration written by Ronglei Zhang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Chemical reactions categories.