Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 1 Test No 126 Determination Of The Hydrophobicity Index Of Nanomaterials Through An Affinity Measurement
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Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 1 Test No 126 Determination Of The Hydrophobicity Index Of Nanomaterials Through An Affinity Measurement
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2023-07-04
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 1 Test No 126 Determination Of The Hydrophobicity Index Of Nanomaterials Through An Affinity Measurement written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-04 with categories.
This Test Guideline (TG) describes a method to determine the hydrophobicity index (Hy) of nanomaterials (NMs), through an affinity measurement. Hydrophobicity is defined as "the association of non-polar groups or molecules in an aqueous environment which arises from the tendency of water to exclude non-polar molecules".
Human And Ecological Risk Assessment
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Author : Dennis J. Paustenbach
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2024-04-15
Human And Ecological Risk Assessment written by Dennis J. Paustenbach and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Understand the fundamentals of human risk assessment with this introduction and reference Human risk assessments are a precondition for virtually all industrial action or environmental regulation, all the more essential in a world where chemical and environmental hazards are becoming more abundant. These documents catalog potential environmental, toxicological, ecological, or other harms resulting from a particular hazard, from chemical spills to construction projects to dangerous workplaces. They turn on a number of variables, of which the most significant is the degree of human exposure to the hazardous agent or process. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment combines the virtues of a textbook and reference work to introduce and analyze these vital documents. Beginning with the foundational theory of human health risk assessment, it then supplies case studies and detailed analysis illustrating the practice of producing risk assessment documents. Fully updated and authored by leading authorities in the field, the result is an indispensable work. Readers of the second edition of Human and Ecological Risk Assessment will also find: Over 40 entirely new case studies reflecting the latest in risk assessment practice Detailed discussion of hazards including air emissions, contaminated food and soil, hazardous waste sites, and many more Case studies from multiple countries to reflect diverse international standards Human and Ecological Risk Assessment is ideal for professionals and advanced graduate students in toxicology, industrial hygiene, occupational medicine, environmental science, and all related subjects.
Lignes Directrices De L Ocde Pour Les Essais De Produits Chimiques Section 1 Essai N 126 D Termination De L Index D Hydrophobicit Des Nanomat Riaux Par Mesure De L Affinit
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Author : OECD
language : fr
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2023-07-04
Lignes Directrices De L Ocde Pour Les Essais De Produits Chimiques Section 1 Essai N 126 D Termination De L Index D Hydrophobicit Des Nanomat Riaux Par Mesure De L Affinit written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-04 with categories.
Cette Ligne directrice décrit une méthode qui permet de déterminer l'index d'hydrophobicité (Hy) des nanomatériaux (NMs), au moyen d'une mesure d'affinité. L'hydrophobicité est définie par "l'association de groupes ou molécules non-polaires dans un environnement aqueux qui provient de la tendance de l'eau d'exclure les moléculaes non-polaires". En mesurant le taux de liaison à différentes surfaces conçues (colleceteurs), Hy exprime la tendance des nanomatériaux de se lier à des surfaces non-poliares (hydrophobiques) à cause de leur faible affinité pour l'eau. La méthode s'applique aux nanomatériaux dispersés dans une solution aqueuse ou à des poudres de NMS après leur dispersion dans des solutions aqueuse, avec ou sans tensioactif, suivant un protocole recommandé.
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 1 Test No 105 Water Solubility
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 1995-07-27
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 1 Test No 105 Water Solubility written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-07-27 with categories.
This Test Guideline describes methods to determine the water solubility of test substances. The water solubility of a substance is the saturation mass concentration of the substance in water at a given temperature. This guideline addresses the ...
Hazardous Pollutants In Biological Treatment Systems
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Author : Ferhan Çeçen
language : en
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Release Date : 2017-11-15
Hazardous Pollutants In Biological Treatment Systems written by Ferhan Çeçen and has been published by IWA Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-15 with Science categories.
Hazardous pollutants are a growing concern in treatment engineering. In the past, biological treatment was mainly used for the removal of bulk organic matter and the nutrients nitrogen and phosphorous. However, relatively recently the issue of hazardous pollutants, which are present at very low concentrations in wastewaters and waters but are very harmful to both ecosystems and humans, is becoming increasingly important. Today, treatment of hazardous pollutants in the water environment becomes a challenge as the water quality standards become stricter. Hazardous Pollutants in Biological Treatment Systems focuses entirely on hazardous pollutants in biological treatment and gives an elaborate insight into their fate and effects during biological treatment of wastewater and water. Currently, in commercial and industrial products and processes, thousands of chemicals are used that reach water. Many of those chemicals are carcinogens, mutagens, endocrine disruptors and toxicants. Therefore, water containing hazardous pollutants should be treated before discharged to the environment or consumed by humans. This book first addresses the characteristics, occurrence and origin of hazardous organic and inorganic pollutants. Then, it concentrates on the fate and effects of these pollutants in biological wastewater and drinking water treatment units. It also provides details about analysis of hazardous pollutants, experimental methodologies, computational tools used to assist experiments, evaluation of experimental data and examination of microbial ecology by molecular microbiology and genetic tools. Hazardous Pollutants in Biological Treatment Systems is an essential resource to the researcher or the practitioner who is already involved with hazardous pollutants and biological processes or intending to do so. The text will also be useful for professionals working in the field of water and wastewater treatment.
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 1 Test No 106 Adsorption Desorption Using A Batch Equilibrium Method
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2000-01-21
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 1 Test No 106 Adsorption Desorption Using A Batch Equilibrium Method written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-21 with categories.
This Test Guideline is aimed at estimating the adsorption/desorption behaviour of a chemical on different soil types. The goal is to obtain a sorption value which can be used to predict partitioning under a variety of environmental conditions; to ...
Metal Nanoparticles In Microbiology
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Author : Mahendra Rai
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-04-02
Metal Nanoparticles In Microbiology written by Mahendra Rai and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-02 with Science categories.
Following an introduction to biogenic metal nanoparticles, this book presents how they can be biosynthesized using bacteria, fungi and yeast, as well as their potential applications in biomedicine. It is shown that the synthesis of nanoparticles using microbes is eco-friendly and results in reproducible metal nanoparticles of well-defined sizes, shapes and structures. This biotechnological approach based on the process of biomineralization exploits the effectiveness and flexibility of biological systems. Chapters include practical protocols for microbial synthesis of nanoparticles and microbial screening methods for isolating a specific nanoparticle producer as well as reviews on process optimization, industrial scale production, biomolecule-nanoparticle interactions, magnetosomes, silver nanoparticles and their numerous applications in medicine, and the application of gold nanoparticles in developing sensitive biosensors.
Microplastic In The Environment Pattern And Process
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Author : Michael S. Bank
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-10-09
Microplastic In The Environment Pattern And Process written by Michael S. Bank and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This open access book examines global plastic pollution, an issue that has become a critical societal challenge with implications for environmental and public health. This volume provides a comprehensive, holistic analysis on the plastic cycle and its subsequent effects on biota, food security, and human exposure. Importantly, global environmental change and its associated, systems-level processes, including atmospheric deposition, ecosystem complexity, UV exposure, wind patterns, water stratification, ocean circulation, etc., are all important direct and indirect factors governing the fate, transport and biotic and abiotic processing of plastic particles across ecosystem types. Furthermore, the distribution of plastic in the ocean is not independent of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics, since much of the plastic in marine ecosystems originates from land and should therefore be evaluated in the context of the larger plastic cycle. Changes in species size, distribution, habitat, and food web complexity, due to global environmental change, will likely alter trophic transfer dynamics and the ecological effects of nano- and microplastics. The fate and transport dynamics of plastic particles are influenced by their size, form, shape, polymer type, additives, and overall ecosystem conditions. In addition to the risks that plastics pose to the total environment, the potential impacts on human health and exposure routes, including seafood consumption, and air and drinking water need to be assessed in a comprehensive and quantitative manner. Here I present a holistic and interdisciplinary book volume designed to advance the understanding of plastic cycling in the environment with an emphasis on sources, fate and transport, ecotoxicology, climate change effects, food security, microbiology, sustainability, human exposure and public policy.
Treatment Of Micropollutants In Water And Wastewater
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Author : Jurate Virkutyte
language : en
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Release Date : 2010-08-14
Treatment Of Micropollutants In Water And Wastewater written by Jurate Virkutyte and has been published by IWA Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-14 with Science categories.
Over the last few years there has been a growing concern over the increasing concentration of micropollutants originating from a great variety of sources including pharmaceutical, chemical engineering and personal care product industries in rivers, lakes, soil and groundwater. As most of the micropollutants are polar and persistent compounds, they are only partially or not at all removed from wastewater and thus can enter the environment posing a great risk to the biota. It is hypothesized that wastewater is one of the most important point sources for micropollutants. Treatment of Micropollutants in Water and Wastewater gives a comprehensive overview of modern analytical methods and will summarize novel single and hybrid methods to remove continuously emerging contaminants - micropollutants from the aqueous phase. New trends (e.g. sensor technology, nanotechnology and hybrid treatment technologies) are described in detail. The book is very timely because the new techniques are still in the development phase and have to be realized not only in the laboratory but also on a larger scale. The content of the book is divided into chapters that present current descriptive and analytical methods that are available to detect and measure micropollutants together with detailed information on various chemical, biological and physicochemical methods that have evolved over the last few decades. Treatment of Micropollutants in Water and Wastewater will also enable readers to make well informed choices through providing an understanding of why and how micropollutants must be removed from water sources, and what are the most appropriate and available techniques for providing a cost and technologically effective and sustainable solutions for reaching the goal of micropollutant-free water and wastewater. The book will be suitable for water and wastewater professionals as well for students and researchers in civil engineering, environmental engineering and process engineering fields.
Textile Finishing
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Author : K. L. Mittal
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Textile Finishing written by K. L. Mittal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Textile finishing categories.