Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 451 Carcinogenicity Studies
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Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 451 Carcinogenicity Studies
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2018-06-27
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 451 Carcinogenicity Studies written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-27 with categories.
The objective of a long-term carcinogenicity study is to observe test animals for a major portion of their life span for the development of neoplastic lesions during or after exposure to various doses of a test substance by an appropriate route of ...
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 453 Combined Chronic Toxicity Carcinogenicity Studies
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2018-06-27
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 453 Combined Chronic Toxicity Carcinogenicity Studies written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-27 with categories.
The objective of a combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study is to identify carcinogenic and the majority of chronic effects, and to determine dose-response relationships following prolonged and repeated exposure. The rat is typically used for ...
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 452 Chronic Toxicity Studies
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2018-06-27
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 452 Chronic Toxicity Studies written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-27 with categories.
The objective of these chronic toxicity studies is to characterize the profile of a substance in a mammalian species (primarily rodents) following prolonged and repeated exposure. The Test Guideline focuses on rodents and oral administration. Both ...
A Practical Guide To Toxicology And Human Health Risk Assessment
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Author : Laura Robinson
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-11-20
A Practical Guide To Toxicology And Human Health Risk Assessment written by Laura Robinson and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-20 with Science categories.
Toxicology – the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms is the cornerstone to all aspects of chemical safety and knowledge of the subject is needed in a wide spectrum of fields from the chemical industry to medicine, emergency services, forensics, and regulatory science. Toxicology involves the study of symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of poisoning ... especially the poisoning of people. The many problems arising from a poor understanding of toxicology and its applications in hazard communication and chemical safety motivated the author's training courses and webinars, leading to this valuable book. Providing a practical and accessible guide, A Practical Guide to Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment enables readers to quickly build up knowledge and understanding of toxicology and its use in hazard identification, which is a fundamental part of chemical risk assessment. The book also covers current toxicological testing strategies and the use of physicochemical test data in hazard identification and exposure assessment. Examples are provided throughout the book to highlight important issues along with a summary of the key points that have been covered in each of the respective chapters. The book concludes with a listing of online resources on toxicology and risk assessment.
Food Safety Assessment Of Pesticide Residues
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Author : Arpad Ambrus
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2017-01-05
Food Safety Assessment Of Pesticide Residues written by Arpad Ambrus and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Pesticides are now accepted as an integral part of modern agricultural production. This book provides analysis of the steps taken by national and international bodies working towards a cohesive global strategy for evaluating the safety of residues in food that result from approved pesticide uses. Also described is the role of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO) and Codex Alimentarius in developing standards that protect the health of the consumers and ensure fair practices in the food trade. It goes on to look at the promotion of good agricultural practice in the use of pesticides and the need for control in their practical use. These include sampling, testing the compliance of marketed products against legal limits and verifying the effectiveness of the safety-based regulatory measures. This is a specialist book for those looking to go into the field of international food safety, for students and lecturers studying the topic, for policy makers working on public health and agricultural issues, and personnel responsible for taking samples and performing the analysis of pesticide formulations and residues.
Food Safety Mycotoxins
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Author : Aibo Wu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-08
Food Safety Mycotoxins written by Aibo Wu and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Mycotoxins are increasingly attracting attention at thegovernmental, public and academic level worldwide, due to more frequent and serious contaminations of food and feedstuffs, which pose a serious threat to human health and animal production. This book reviews the latest research on mycotoxins that directly concern food safety, and especially focuses on detection technologies, risk assessment and control strategiescurrently being used in China. Gathering contributions from over 20 respected researchers, the book will benefit graduatestudents, researchers and management groups from various disciplines, including food science and technology, analytical chemistry, plant pathology, public health, etc.
Haschek And Rousseaux S Handbook Of Toxicologic Pathology Volume 2 Safety Assessment And Toxicologic Pathology
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Author : Wanda M. Haschek
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2023-02-18
Haschek And Rousseaux S Handbook Of Toxicologic Pathology Volume 2 Safety Assessment And Toxicologic Pathology written by Wanda M. Haschek and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-18 with Medical categories.
Haschek and Rousseaux's Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology, recognized by many as the most authoritative single source of information in the field of toxicologic pathology, has been extensively updated to continue its comprehensive and timely coverage. The fourth edition has been expanded to five separate volumes due to an explosion of information in this field requiring new and updated chapters. Completely revised with a number of new chapters, Volume 2: Toxicologic Pathology in Safety Assessment is an essential part of the most authoritative reference on toxicologic pathology principles and techniques for assessing product safety and human risk. Volume 2 describes the integration of product-induced structural and functional changes in tissues and the interpretation of their biological implications. Completely revised with many new chapters, Volume 2 of the Fourth Edition covers product safety assessment from many angles including current and emerging issues in toxicologic pathology for many product classes. Volume 2 of the Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology is a key resource for pathologists, toxicologists, research scientists, and regulators who use toxicologic pathology methods to study and make decisions on product safety. - Previous chapters on such topics as drug discovery and development, toxicity and carcinogenicity testing, report preparation, and risk assessment and communication have undergone extensive revision that includes in-depth discussion of new developments in the field - New chapters consider fundamental attributes for additional product classes including protein therapeutics, nucleic acid pharmaceutical agents, gene therapy and gene editing, stem cell and other cell therapies, vaccines, agricultural and bulk chemicals, and assigning adversity - Chapters dealing with product-specific practices address pathology and regulatory issues - Chapters offer high-quality and up-to-date content in a trusted work written by the collaborative efforts of many leading international subject matter experts - Hundreds of full-color images and diagrams are featured in both the print and electronic versions of this book to illustrate classic examples and highlight difficult concepts
Drug Discovery And Evaluation Safety And Pharmacokinetic Assays
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Author : Franz J. Hock
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-10-21
Drug Discovery And Evaluation Safety And Pharmacokinetic Assays written by Franz J. Hock and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-21 with Medical categories.
Many aspects of drug safety have become an outstanding and even persistent issue and may occur during the process of both drug discovery and development. Until 15 years ago, drug discovery and evaluation was primarily a sequential process starting with the selection of the most pharmacologically active compound from a series of newly synthesized small molecule chemical series by means of distinctive pharmacological assays. Safety aspects were addressed by evaluation of the selected compound at high doses in a series of specific studies directed at indications other than the intended indication of the new compound. These tests are then followed by pharmacokinetic studies, which are primarily conducted to confirm whether the selected compound possesses a suitable half-life for sufficient exposure and efficacy and, whether it has the desired properties specificity to the intended route of administration. Safety aspects relied predominantly on the conduct of single and repeat toxicologydose studies, which inform changes in organ structure rather than organ function. Both toxicological and pharmacokinetic studies are adapted to the progress of studies in clinical pharmacology and clinical trials. The new edition of this well and broadly accepted reference work contains several innovative and distinguished chapters. This "sequential" strategy has been abandoned with this new version of the book for several reasons: - Of the possible multitude of negative effects that novel drugs may impart on organ function, e.g. ventricular tachy-arrhythmia, many are detected too late in non-clinical studies to inform clinicians. On the other hand, negative findings in chronic toxicity studies in animals may turn out to be irrelevant for human beings. - New scientific approaches, e.g. high-throughput screening, human pluripotent stem cells, transgenic animals, knock-out animals, in silico models, pharmaco-genomics and pharmaco-proteomics, as well as Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods offered new possibilities. - There are several examples, that show that the "druggability" of compounds was considerably underestimated when the probability of success of a new project was assessed. The success rate in the pharmaceutical industry and the introduction of new chemical entities to the market per year dropped dramatically, whereas the development time for a new compound increased, sometimes exceeding the patent protection. Research and development scientists, involving the following changes, therefore adopted a change of strategy: - Parallel instead of sequential involvement of the various disciplines (multidimensional compound optimization). - The term "Safety Pharmacology" was coined. The International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) founded a Safety Pharmacology Working Group and the Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) was launched. The discipline provided for evaluation, development and validation of a multitude of safety tests outlined in the 'Core Battery of Studies'. - Characterizing the exposure profile of a drug by conducting pharmacokinetic studies that evaluates the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion should to be investigated at an early stage of development as results contribute to the selection of a compound for further development. Advancements in Toxicology were achieved by the introduction of new methods, e.g., in silico methods, genetic toxicology, computational toxicology and AI. The book is a landmark in the continuously changing world of drug research and developments. As such, it is essential reading for many groups: not only for all students of pharmacology and toxicology but also for industry scientists and physicians, especially those involved in clinical trials of drugs, and for pharmacists who must know the safety requirements of drugs. The book is essential for scientists and managers in the pharmaceutical industry who are involved in drug discovery, drug development and decision making in the development process. In particular, the book will be of use to government institutions and committees working on official guidelines for drug evaluation worldwide.
Handbook Of Cosmetic Science And Technology
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Author : Frank Dreher
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-08-11
Handbook Of Cosmetic Science And Technology written by Frank Dreher and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-11 with Medical categories.
With chapters from experienced and internationally renowned contributors holding positions in research, industry, and clinical practice, this is the fifth edition of what has become the standard reference for cosmetic scientists and dermatologists seeking the latest innovations and technology for the formulation, design, testing, use, and production of cosmetic products for the skin. *Offers in-depth analysis of specific topics in cosmetic science and research *Presents the latest in international research and its translation to practice *Gives an indispensable guide to a hotly competitive area for research and practice
Veterinary Toxicology
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Author : Ramesh C. Gupta
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2025-05-16
Veterinary Toxicology written by Ramesh C. Gupta and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-05-16 with Medical categories.
Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles, Fourth Edition is a unique single reference that provides a comprehensive overview on the basic principles of veterinary toxicology to any student at the DVM, MS, or PhD level while also continuing to serve as a clinical reference for practitioners. The book thoroughly updates toxicologists and advanced students on the newest approaches for diagnosing poisoning cases in all animals from chemicals, plants, and accidental or malicious intents. Many chapters are provided on topics not covered in any previous books, such as target organ toxicity, radiation and radioactive materials, FDA regulatory issues, and ethics in veterinary toxicology.Completely revised and updated to include the most recent developments in the field animal toxins, toxicokinetics mechanism of action, toxicity, and treatment, this book is an essential resource for researchers, practicing veterinary toxicologists, advanced students in toxicology, poison control centers, as well as environmentalists, marine biologists, and animal scientists. - Provides a complete, up-to-date, integrated source of information on toxins and poisons relating to animals - Covers all important aspects of veterinary toxicology with completely updated and revised chapters - Includes basic principles of key toxicology concepts as well as clinical applications and a list of major references for further reading