On Integrating Models Of Household Vehicle Ownership Composition And Evolution With Activity Based Travel Models
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On Integrating Models Of Household Vehicle Ownership Composition And Evolution With Activity Based Travel Models
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Author : Rajesh Paleti Ravi Venkata Durga
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
On Integrating Models Of Household Vehicle Ownership Composition And Evolution With Activity Based Travel Models written by Rajesh Paleti Ravi Venkata Durga and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Activity-based travel demand model systems are increasingly being deployed to microsimulate daily activity-travel patterns of individuals. However, a critical dimension that is often missed in these models is that of vehicle type choice. The current dissertation addresses this issue head-on and contributes to the field of transportation planning in three major ways. First, this research develops a comprehensive vehicle micro-simulation framework that incorporates state-of-the-art household vehicle type choice, usage, and evolution models. The novelty of the framework developed is that it accommodates all the dimensions characterizing vehicle fleet/usage decisions, as well as accommodates all dimensions of vehicle transactions (i.e., fleet evolution) over time. The models estimated are multiple discrete-continuous models (vehicle type being the discrete component and vehicle mileage being the continuous component) and spatial discrete choice models that explicitly accommodate for multiple vehicle ownership and spatial interactions among households. More importantly, the vehicle fleet simulator developed in this study can be easily integrated within an activity-based microsimulation framework. Second, the vehicle fleet evolution and composition models developed in this dissertation are used to predict the vehicle fleet characteristics, annual mileage, and the associated fuel consumption and green-house gas (GHG) emissions for future years as a function of the built environment, demographics, fuel and related technology, and policy scenarios. This exercise contributes in substantial ways to the identification of promising strategies to increase the penetration of alternative-fuel vehicles and fuel-efficient vehicles, reduce energy consumption, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Lastly, this research captures several complex interactions between vehicle ownership, location, and activity-travel decisions of individuals by estimating 1) a joint tour-based model of tour complexity, passenger accompaniment, vehicle type choice, and tour length, and 2) an integrated model of residential location, work location, vehicle ownership, and commute tour characteristics. The methodology used for estimating these models allows the specification and estimation of multi-dimensional choice model systems covering a wide spectrum of dependent variable types (including multinomial, ordinal, count, and continuous) and may be viewed as a major advance with the potential to lead to redefine the way activity-based travel model systems are structured and implemented.
A Model Of Household Demand For Activity Participation And Mobility
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Author : Thomas F. Golob
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
A Model Of Household Demand For Activity Participation And Mobility written by Thomas F. Golob and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Choice of transportation categories.
The Design Of A Comprehensive Microsimulator Of Household Vehicle Fleet Composition Utilization And Evolution
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Design Of A Comprehensive Microsimulator Of Household Vehicle Fleet Composition Utilization And Evolution written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Automobile driving categories.
The report describes a comprehensive vehicle fleet composition, utilization, and evolution simulator that can be used to forecast household vehicle ownership and mileage by type of vehicle over time. The components of the simulator are developed in this research effort using detailed revealed and stated preference data on household vehicle fleet composition, utilization, and planned transactions collected for a large sample of households in California. Results of the model development effort show that the simulator holds promise as a tool for simulating vehicular choice processes in the context of activity-based travel microsimulation model systems.
Integrated Urban Models For Simulation Of Transit And Land Use Policies
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Author : Eric J. Miller
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 1999
Integrated Urban Models For Simulation Of Transit And Land Use Policies written by Eric J. Miller and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Business & Economics categories.
Describe how transit agencies, metropolitan planning organizations, and state DOTs can act today to initiate or expand their analytical tools for integrated land use-transportation planning. The Guidelines are intended for the general reader having an interest in the effects of transit on land use. The Guidelines describe currently available integrated models, the characteristics of an "ideal" integrated model, and steps that a planning organization should take in order to support and expand such modeling capability.
An Integrated Model Of Employment Income And Car Ownership Within Activity Based Travel Demand Framework
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Author : Rosli Nekmat
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
An Integrated Model Of Employment Income And Car Ownership Within Activity Based Travel Demand Framework written by Rosli Nekmat and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Automobile ownership categories.
Evolution Of The Household Vehicle Fleet
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Author : Sashank Musti
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Evolution Of The Household Vehicle Fleet written by Sashank Musti and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Automobile drivers categories.
Vehicle Availability Modeling
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Author : Travel Model Improvement Program (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Vehicle Availability Modeling written by Travel Model Improvement Program (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Federal aid to transportation categories.
Modeling Households Long Term Mobility And Residential Decisions And Short Term Time Use Travel Choices
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Author : Mingzhu Yao
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Modeling Households Long Term Mobility And Residential Decisions And Short Term Time Use Travel Choices written by Mingzhu Yao and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with City planning categories.
Understanding household long-term decisions concerning residential location/relocation, car ownership and short-term activity travel choices are crucial for land use and transport planning. However, when addressing these issues, multitudes of choice models applying individual or unitary household decision-making mechanisms have dominated in transport studies, ignoring the interactions among household members in consensual decision making in real situations. To promote the investigation of these issues from a group decision-making perspective, this study explores the applicability of various group decision-making approaches to investigate multiple long-term decisions and short-term choices. Specifically, this thesis has four main research objectives: 1) adopt a utilitarian approach to develop an integrated model that links household members’ consensual long-term decisions like housing, vehicle ownership and short-term activity-travel decisions like time use, explicitly capturing expenditure tradeoff for long-term decisions on housing and car ownership; 2) employ the Nash bargaining approach to model household members’ consensual car ownership choice and examine this choice from the perspective of household time allocation; 3) apply an egalitarian bargaining approach (capture household members’ concern for equity) to model household residential relocation choice, make a comparative study among this approach, Nash bargaining approach, and conventional utilitarian approach, and then accommodate these heterogeneous group decision mechanisms in a unified modeling framework; 4) examine the impacts of vehicle usage rationing policy on household car ownership and spouses’ time allocation patterns. The database that serves for empirical applications of the formulated models is from a two-wave household activity-travel diary survey conducted in Beijing. This thesis contributes to current literature by adopting new approaches to investigate various group decision-making mechanisms among household members, comparing and assessing the predictive performance of different group decision approaches, as well as explicitly capturing household’s long-term expenditure tradeoff. Insights and findings from this study are helpful for gaining profound understanding of spatial distribution of residence, household car ownership and individuals’ activity-travel patterns, which will be conducive to the formulation of relevant policies for sustainable urban development.
Modeling Household Vehicle And Transportation Choice And Usage
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Author : Cheng Zhuo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Modeling Household Vehicle And Transportation Choice And Usage written by Cheng Zhuo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
With respect to VMT: · The initial simplified model of ln(VMT+1), which includes only income and driving mobility limitation as explanatory variables, and was estimated with the NHTS dataset, has an R-squared of 0.1486. · The explanatory power of the initial model improves drastically after incorporating household-related variables into the model specification: when variables related to number of workers, number of drivers, and number of children enter the model, the R-squared value for the this "intermediate" model increases to 0.3204. · Furthermore, accounting for residential neighborhood land use also improves the explanatory power of the log-linear model of VMT. When we include density of the residential census tract as an additional explanatory variable into the "intermediate" model from above, the R-squared value increases to 0.3382. Therefore, the inclusion of a single land use variable improves the R-squared of the model by 5.6%. · Finally, the most complete model, which includes the density variable, and which is segmented based on neighborhood type and city size/presence of rail to allow model coefficients to vary in the six different clusters, has an R-Squared of 0.3429. This thesis makes a useful contribution in improving our understanding of why certain households choose to own fewer vehicles than usual. First, the study highlights the incremental contributions of specific groups of variables toward explaining observed behaviors. Several of these variables, e.g. personal attitudes, are often not controlled for in vehicle ownership and travel behavior studies. Accordingly, several conclusions of interest to planners and policy-makers can be drawn from the analysis of the results from this study: we find that the inclusion of attitudinal variables increases by a modest, but not trivial, amount the model's ability to predict observed choice. In particular, all else equal, pro-environment and pro-transit attitudes are found to contribute to explaining the choice of households who do not own a car, while a pro-driving attitude is found to have a positive effect on the choice of owning more vehicles than expected. Thus, the study highlights the importance of including individual attitudes in future surveys that collect information on household vehicle ownership and travel behavior. Doing so would improve the ability to correctly predict individuals' choices (including heterogeneity in choice processes across individuals), which can better support the evaluation of planning policies. Further, this study confirms the importance of residential location and of the characteristics of land use in affecting vehicle ownership and VMT. Specifically, the estimation results from the models that control for residential neighborhood characteristics highlight not only how VO and VMT vary for households across different regions, from a small town to a large city served by rail transit, but also how the influence of specific variables on VO and VMT differs by land-use type. For instance, the presence of more children in the household contributes to greater VMT, and the beta coefficient for the children variable is roughly the same across all lower-density neighborhoods (LDNs), whether in a small town or large metro area. However, for higher-density neighborhoods (HDNs), households living in smaller towns have greater increases in VMT compared to those living in large cities with rail, when the number of children under 16 increases. The presence of richer public transportation and the greater practicality of active transportation in densely-populated portions of large metropolitan areas may explain this phenomenon. The study provides insights into ways to increase the share of households who have ZVO or less than expected VMT. For example, the results from the study support the principle that policies designed to improve public transit and expand high-density neighborhoods can successfully contribute to reducing vehicle ownership and VMT, although the specific results in terms of reduction of car use also depend on the characteristics of the household. And although bicycling infrastructure was not a basis for the land use segmentation we employed in this study, given that higher-density neighborhoods can shorten trip lengths and thereby make active transportation more competitive with the automobile for short trips, the study suggests that creating a more effective bicycling infrastructure, especially in higher-density neighborhoods, would also be effective in reducing VO and VMT.
Modelling And Microsimulation Of Activity Generation Activity Scheduling And Mobility Assignment
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Author : Nazmul Arefin Khan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Modelling And Microsimulation Of Activity Generation Activity Scheduling And Mobility Assignment written by Nazmul Arefin Khan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
This thesis develops a novel framework for modelling and microsimulation of activity-based travel demand. It explores alternative micro-behavioural modelling methods for individuals' activity participation, time allocation, shared travel choice, mode choice and vehicle allocation. For example, mixed logit models of shared travel choices are developed that accommodate individuals' social interactions with household and non-household members while travelling to different activity-based tours. A multiple discrete continuous extreme value model is formulated, which addresses individuals' social interactions within the modelling framework to explore the joint decision of activity participation and time allocation. Latent segmentation-based random parameter logit models are developed to evaluate vehicle allocation decisions for different activity-based tours. This thesis also presents the development of a novel activity-based shorter-term decisions simulator (SDS) to predict activity and travel decisions. SDS consists of three sub-modules: activity generation, activity scheduling and mobility assignment, which are developed by implementing different components, namely activity types, frequencies, durations, start times, destination locations, shared travel arrangements, mode choice and vehicle allocation. The model addresses underlying process mechanisms of such components within the microsimulation framework by developing advanced modelling techniques. For instance, activity generation implements a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to represent the process orientation of generating activity types. Activity scheduling is implemented as a three-stage decision process: activity agenda formation, destination location choice and shared travel choice, and accommodates social interaction-based feedback from shared travel choice component within the computational procedure. Furthermore, mobility assignment is a two-stage dynamic process of mode choice and vehicle allocation that addresses social interactions within empirical and computational procedures. SDS generates baseline information for the year 2006, and simulates activity and travel decisions for a 30-year period of 2007-2036. This thesis presents the validation of the SDS model results, and predicts the evolution of activity-travel information of Halifax population. SDS is implemented within the integrated urban model, iTLE, and provides activity-based feedbacks to households' long-term residential decisions; thus, develops an integrated and behaviourally consistent urban modelling system. The SDS microsimulation model would be helpful to test different emerging travel demand management strategies as well as alternative land use and transportation policy interventions.