On Intrinsic Motivation
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Intrinsic Motivation
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Author : Edward L. Deci
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Intrinsic Motivation written by Edward L. Deci and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
As I begin to write this Preface, I feel a rush of excitement. I have now finished the book; my gestalt is coming into completion. Throughout the months that I have been writing this, I have, indeed, been intrinsically motivated. Now that it is finished I feel quite competent and self-determining (see Chapter 2). Whether or not those who read the book will perceive me that way is also a concern of mine (an extrinsic one), but it is a wholly separate issue from the intrinsic rewards I have been experiencing. This book presents a theoretical perspective. It reviews an enormous amount of research which establishes unequivocally that intrinsic motivation exists. Also considered herein are various approaches to the conceptualizing of intrinsic motivation. The book concentrates on the approach which has developed out of the work of Robert White (1959), namely, that intrinsically motivated behaviors are ones which a person engages in so that he may feel competent and self-determining in relation to his environment. The book then considers the development of intrinsic motiva tion, how behaviors are motivated intrinsically, how they relate to and how intrinsic motivation is extrinsically motivated behaviors, affected by extrinsic rewards and controls. It also considers how changes in intrinsic motivation relate to changes in attitudes, how people attribute motivation to each other, how the attribution process is motivated, and how the process of perceiving motivation (and other internal states) in oneself relates to perceiving them in others.
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivation
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Author : Carol Sansone
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2000-09-12
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivation written by Carol Sansone and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-09-12 with Psychology categories.
In understanding human behavior, psychologists have long been interested in what motivates specific actions. Debates have pitted extrinsic motivators (e.g. rewards/punishment) against intrinsic motivation in attempting to determine what best motivates individuals. This book provides a summary view of what research has determined about both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, and clarifies what questions remain unanswered. Divided into three sections, section I revisits the debate about the effects of extrinsic incentives or constraints on intrinsic motivation and creativity, and identifies theoretical advances in motivational research. Section II focuses on the hidden costs and benefits of different types of achievement goals on motivation and performance. Section III discusses theory and research findings on how extrinsic and intrinsic motivators may work in everyday life and over time. This book is of interest to researchers in psychology, education, and business, as well as to a wider audience interested in promoting optimal motivation and performance.Coverage in this book includes:* Debates and controversies in motivational research* Developmental nature of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation over time* Influences of parents, educators, and employers in facilitating motivation* Effect of achievement goals on learning and performance* The role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in self-regulationKey Features* Brings together major figures in the fields of motivation, education, and social psychology* Provides a mix of theory, basic and applied research* Presents research conducted both in laboratories and educational settings* Comprehensive chapters provide excellent reviews of previous literature as well as outlines important new directions* Provides different perspectives on controversial debates in a balanced, constructive manner
Intrinsically Motivated Learning In Natural And Artificial Systems
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Author : Gianluca Baldassarre
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-29
Intrinsically Motivated Learning In Natural And Artificial Systems written by Gianluca Baldassarre and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-29 with Computers categories.
It has become clear to researchers in robotics and adaptive behaviour that current approaches are yielding systems with limited autonomy and capacity for self-improvement. To learn autonomously and in a cumulative fashion is one of the hallmarks of intelligence, and we know that higher mammals engage in exploratory activities that are not directed to pursue goals of immediate relevance for survival and reproduction but are instead driven by intrinsic motivations such as curiosity, interest in novel stimuli or surprising events, and interest in learning new behaviours. The adaptive value of such intrinsically motivated activities lies in the fact that they allow the cumulative acquisition of knowledge and skills that can be used later to accomplish fitness-enhancing goals. Intrinsic motivations continue during adulthood, and in humans they underlie lifelong learning, artistic creativity, and scientific discovery, while they are also the basis for processes that strongly affect human well-being, such as the sense of competence, self-determination, and self-esteem. This book has two aims: to present the state of the art in research on intrinsically motivated learning, and to identify the related scientific and technological open challenges and most promising research directions. The book introduces the concept of intrinsic motivation in artificial systems, reviews the relevant literature, offers insights from the neural and behavioural sciences, and presents novel tools for research. The book is organized into six parts: the chapters in Part I give general overviews on the concept of intrinsic motivations, their function, and possible mechanisms for implementing them; Parts II, III, and IV focus on three classes of intrinsic motivation mechanisms, those based on predictors, on novelty, and on competence; Part V discusses mechanisms that are complementary to intrinsic motivations; and Part VI introduces tools and experimental frameworks for investigating intrinsic motivations. The contributing authors are among the pioneers carrying out fundamental work on this topic, drawn from related disciplines such as artificial intelligence, robotics, artificial life, evolution, machine learning, developmental psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience. The book will be of value to graduate students and academic researchers in these domains, and to engineers engaged with the design of autonomous, adaptive robots. The contributing authors are among the pioneers carrying out fundamental work on this topic, drawn from related disciplines such as artificial intelligence, robotics, artificial life, evolution, machine learning, developmental psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience. The book will be of value to graduate students and academic researchers in these domains, and to engineers engaged with the design of autonomous, adaptive robots.
Intrinsic Motivation At Work
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Author : Kenneth W. Thomas
language : en
Publisher: Berrett-Koehler Publishers
Release Date : 2009-04-13
Intrinsic Motivation At Work written by Kenneth W. Thomas and has been published by Berrett-Koehler Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-13 with Business & Economics categories.
This breakthrough book provides a comprehensive discussion of intrinsic motivation in the workplace--the psychological rewards workers get directly from the work itself.
Rewards And Intrinsic Motivation
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Author : Judy Cameron
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2002-05-30
Rewards And Intrinsic Motivation written by Judy Cameron and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-05-30 with Business & Economics categories.
Over the past 30 years, many social psychologists have been critical of the practice of using incentive systems in business, education, and other applied settings. The concern is that money, high grades, prizes, and even praise may be effective in getting people to perform an activity but performance and interest are maintained only so long as the reward keeps coming. Once the reward is withdrawn, the concern is that individuals will enjoy the activity less, perform at a lower level, and spend less time on the task. The claim is that rewards destroy people's intrinsic motivation. Widely accepted, this view has been enormously influential and has led many employers, teachers, and other practitioners to question the use of rewards and incentive systems in applied settings. Contrary to this view, the research by Cameron and Pierce indicates that rewards can be used effectively to enhance interest and performance. The book centers around the debate on rewards and intrinsic motivation. Based on historical, narrative, and meta-analytic reviews, Cameron and Pierce show that, contrary to many claims, rewards do not have pervasive negative effects. Instead, the authors show that careful arrangement of rewards enhances motivation, performance, and interest. The overall goal of the book is to draw together over 30 years of research on rewards, motivation, and performance and to provide practitioners with techniques for designing effective incentive systems.
Personality Psychology
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Author : David M. Buss
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Personality Psychology written by David M. Buss and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Psychology categories.
Research in the field of personality psychology has culminated in a radical departure. The result is Personality Psychology: Recent Trends and Emerging Directions. Drs. Buss and Cantor have compiled the innovative research of twenty-five young, outstanding personality psychologists to represent the recent expansion of issues in the fields. Advances in assessment have brought about more powerful methods and the explanatory tools for extending personality psychology beyond its traditional reaches into the areas of cognitive psychology, evolutionary biology, and sociology. This volume represents a significant landmark in the psychology of personality.
Drive
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Author : Daniel H. Pink
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2011-04-05
Drive written by Daniel H. Pink and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-05 with Business & Economics categories.
The New York Times bestseller that gives readers a paradigm-shattering new way to think about motivation from the author of When: The Scientific Secrets of Perfect Timing Most people believe that the best way to motivate is with rewards like money—the carrot-and-stick approach. That's a mistake, says Daniel H. Pink (author of To Sell Is Human: The Surprising Truth About Motivating Others). In this provocative and persuasive new book, he asserts that the secret to high performance and satisfaction-at work, at school, and at home—is the deeply human need to direct our own lives, to learn and create new things, and to do better by ourselves and our world. Drawing on four decades of scientific research on human motivation, Pink exposes the mismatch between what science knows and what business does—and how that affects every aspect of life. He examines the three elements of true motivation—autonomy, mastery, and purpose-and offers smart and surprising techniques for putting these into action in a unique book that will change how we think and transform how we live.
On Intrinsic Motivation
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Author : Stephen Grams
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2019-02-19
On Intrinsic Motivation written by Stephen Grams and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-19 with Education categories.
Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Pedagogy - Higher Education, Concordia University Portland, course: Curriculum and instruction, language: English, abstract: The following is a literature review at Concordia University-Portland and a research project on levels of intrinsic motivation in relation to high school student’s grades. The research question is, "What role does intrinsic motivation play on the academic achievement of the learner?" A definition is given, and independent variables affecting the dependent variable of intrinsic motivation are discussed. Also discussed is learning and learners with disabilities and their relationships to intrinsic motivation. There is discussion of 3 self-report surveys of levels of intrinsic motivation given at a private, parochial, and Sunday School learners, observations, and comparison of available grades to ascertain if intrinsically motivated students do indeed earn better grades. The issue of the learner desiring on his own to succeed academically is especially important when considering that learning ideally will be a lifelong event. Learning for its own enjoyment can benefit the learner, the community, and society. It is the responsibility of the learner, educator, parents, and administration to educe, or draw out, the learning capabilities and possibilities in the home, community, and school. Establishment of a baseline of perceived intrinsic motivation as it relates to academic achievement can be used by the schools surveyed to become aware of positive and negative factors to be found in order to make corrections. Intrinsic motivation is the energy that keeps learners excited about completing academic assignments for the enjoyment of doing so. By encouraging intrinsic motivation, the educator can help the learner to achieve academic success. There is little interest in academic achievement or school when the learner is not interested in a topic, or the domain of the academic performance, or subject of study. Interest is closely related to intrinsic motivation because the orientation of the person towards an object-action (or need) increases and directs the person to the action and need.
Successful Management By Motivation
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Author : Bruno S. Frey
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-10-02
Successful Management By Motivation written by Bruno S. Frey and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-10-02 with Business & Economics categories.
Motivated employees play a crucial role in creating a companys sustainable competitive advantage. Successful Management by Motivation shows that in a knowledge-based society, this goal cannot be achieved by extrinsic motivation alone. Pay for performance often even hurts because it crowds out intrinsic motivation. To succeed, companies have to find ways of fostering and sustaining intrinsic motivation. With the help of in-depth case studies, representative surveys, and analysis based on a large number of firms and employees, this work identifies the various aspects of motivation in companies and shows how the right combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation can be achieved.