On The Emic Gesture
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On The Emic Gesture
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Author : Iracema H. Dulley
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-03-15
On The Emic Gesture written by Iracema H. Dulley and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-15 with Social Science categories.
Roy Wagner’s work deals with two fundamental issues in anthropology: how to describe difference, and where to place it in anthropological discourse. His discussion and displacement of anthropological concepts such as ‘group’ and ‘culture’ in the 1970s and 1980s have arguably encouraged a deconstructive undertaking in the discipline. Yet Wagner’s work, although part of the radicalizing move of the 1970s and 1980s in anthropology, was until some years ago not a central reference for anthropological theory. The question Dulley asks throughout her engagement with Wagner’s main essays is whether it is possible for the emic gesture to account for difference within difference without falling into the closure of totalization. Wagner’s work contains this potentiality but is hindered by its very foundation: the emic gesture, in which difference is circumscribed through a name that others. If this gesture is one of the pillars of anthropology, and one that allows for the inscription of difference, the reflection proposed in this book concerns anthropology as a whole: How can one inscribe difference within difference? Dulley argues that this can only be accomplished through an erasure of the emic. Offering a comprehensive discussion of Wagner’s concepts and a detailed reading of his most important work, this book will be of interest to anyone who wishes to reflect on the relationship between ethnography and difference, and especially those who in various ways engage with the ‘ontological turn’. As the book reflects on how Derridean différance can be appropriated by anthropology in its search for subtler and more critical ethnographic accounts, anthropologists interested in post-structuralist theory and methodology will also find it useful.
How Language Began The Story Of Humanity S Greatest Invention
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Author : Daniel L. Everett
language : en
Publisher: Liveright Publishing
Release Date : 2017-11-07
How Language Began The Story Of Humanity S Greatest Invention written by Daniel L. Everett and has been published by Liveright Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-07 with Science categories.
How Language Began revolutionizes our understanding of the one tool that has allowed us to become the "lords of the planet." Mankind has a distinct advantage over other terrestrial species: we talk to one another. But how did we acquire the most advanced form of communication on Earth? Daniel L. Everett, a “bombshell” linguist and “instant folk hero” (Tom Wolfe, Harper’s), provides in this sweeping history a comprehensive examination of the evolutionary story of language, from the earliest speaking attempts by hominids to the more than seven thousand languages that exist today. Although fossil hunters and linguists have brought us closer to unearthing the true origins of language, Daniel Everett’s discoveries have upended the contemporary linguistic world, reverberating far beyond academic circles. While conducting field research in the Amazonian rainforest, Everett came across an age-old language nestled amongst a tribe of hunter-gatherers. Challenging long-standing principles in the field, Everett now builds on the theory that language was not intrinsic to our species. In order to truly understand its origins, a more interdisciplinary approach is needed—one that accounts as much for our propensity for culture as it does our biological makeup. Language began, Everett theorizes, with Homo Erectus, who catalyzed words through culturally invented symbols. Early humans, as their brains grew larger, incorporated gestures and voice intonations to communicate, all of which built on each other for 60,000 generations. Tracing crucial shifts and developments across the ages, Everett breaks down every component of speech, from harnessing control of more than a hundred respiratory muscles in the larynx and diaphragm, to mastering the use of the tongue. Moving on from biology to execution, Everett explores why elements such as grammar and storytelling are not nearly as critical to language as one might suspect. In the book’s final section, Cultural Evolution of Language, Everett takes the ever-debated “language gap” to task, delving into the chasm that separates “us” from “the animals.” He approaches the subject from various disciplines, including anthropology, neuroscience, and archaeology, to reveal that it was social complexity, as well as cultural, physiological, and neurological superiority, that allowed humans—with our clawless hands, breakable bones, and soft skin—to become the apex predator. How Language Began ultimately explains what we know, what we’d like to know, and what we likely never will know about how humans went from mere communication to language. Based on nearly forty years of fieldwork, Everett debunks long-held theories by some of history’s greatest thinkers, from Plato to Chomsky. The result is an invaluable study of what makes us human.
Displacing Theory Through The Global South
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Author : Iracema Dulley
language : en
Publisher: ICI Berlin Press
Release Date : 2024-04-02
Displacing Theory Through The Global South written by Iracema Dulley and has been published by ICI Berlin Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-02 with Political Science categories.
Displacing Theory Through the Global South calls for reflection on the historical and geopolitical inequalities that have shaped theorization. It asserts that what appears 'universal' often involves generalizations that flatten the particular. Critiquing the colonialist, imperialist, and Eurocentric perspectives that have historically impacted theorization in general and, more specifically, knowledge production about the so-called Global South, this volume seeks a different form of engagement that moves beyond such strictures. Featuring essays that unsettle distinctions between the general and the particular, it proposes a commitment to expanding notions of universality, making theorization not only relevant and generative, but ultimately, transformative.
Dark Matter Of The Mind
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Author : Daniel L. Everett
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2017-11-06
Dark Matter Of The Mind written by Daniel L. Everett and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-06 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Is it in our nature to be altruistic, or evil, to make art, use tools, or create language? Is it in our nature to think in any particular way? For Daniel L. Everett, the answer is a resounding no: it isn’t in our nature to do any of these things because human nature does not exist—at least not as we usually think of it. Flying in the face of major trends in Evolutionary Psychology and related fields, he offers a provocative and compelling argument in this book that the only thing humans are hardwired for is freedom: freedom from evolutionary instinct and freedom to adapt to a variety of environmental and cultural contexts. Everett sketches a blank-slate picture of human cognition that focuses not on what is in the mind but, rather, what the mind is in—namely, culture. He draws on years of field research among the Amazonian people of the Pirahã in order to carefully scrutinize various theories of cognitive instinct, including Noam Chomsky’s foundational concept of universal grammar, Freud’s notions of unconscious forces, Adolf Bastian’s psychic unity of mankind, and works on massive modularity by evolutionary psychologists such as Leda Cosmides, John Tooby, Jerry Fodor, and Steven Pinker. Illuminating unique characteristics of the Pirahã language, he demonstrates just how differently various cultures can make us think and how vital culture is to our cognitive flexibility. Outlining the ways culture and individual psychology operate symbiotically, he posits a Buddhist-like conception of the cultural self as a set of experiences united by various apperceptions, episodic memories, ranked values, knowledge structures, and social roles—and not, in any shape or form, biological instinct. The result is fascinating portrait of the “dark matter of the mind,” one that shows that our greatest evolutionary adaptation is adaptability itself.
Nonverbal Communication Interaction And Gesture
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Author : Adam Kendon
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2010-10-13
Nonverbal Communication Interaction And Gesture written by Adam Kendon and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-13 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The present volume is an excellent introduction to the study of human nonverbal communication, including interaction and gesture, for students and specialists in other disciplines, as well as a convenient compilation of significant contributions to the field for experts. Part 1 includes four articles, the import of which is primarily theoretical or methodological. Part II comprises eight articles in which instances of interaction are examined and attempts are made to explain how the behavior that can be observed in them functions in the interaction process. Part III presents six articles on what may broadly be referred to as 'gesture'. These articles deal with specific actions, mostly of the forelimbs, which are usually deemed to have specific communicational significance. In an introductory chapter, the volume editor, Adam Kendon, not only examines the various issues raised by the eighteen papers but also shows the relevance of each article as a contribution to the development of an understanding of how human visible behavior functions communicatively.
Integrating Gestures
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Author : Silva Ladewig
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-07-20
Integrating Gestures written by Silva Ladewig and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-20 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Gestures are now viewed as an integral part of spoken language. But little attention has been paid to the recipients’ cognitive processes of integrating both gesture and speech. How do people understand a speaker’s gestures when inserted into gaps in the flow of speech? What cognitive-semiotic mechanisms allow this integration to occur? And what linguistic and gestural properties do people draw on when construing multimodal meaning? This book offers answers by investigating multimodal utterances in which speech is replaced by gestures. Through fine-grained cognitive-linguistic and cognitive-semiotic analyses of multimodal utterances combined with naturalistic perception experiments, six chapters explore gestures’ potential to realize grammatical notions of nouns and verbs and to integrate with speech by merging into multimodal syntactic constructions. Analyses of speech-replacing gestures and a range of related phenomena compel us to consider gestures as well as spoken and signed language as manifestations of the same conceptual system. An overarching framework is proposed for studying these different modalities together – a multimodal cognitive grammar.
Pointing
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Author : Sotaro Kita
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2003-06-20
Pointing written by Sotaro Kita and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-20 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Pointing has captured the interest of scholars from various fields who study communication. However, ideas and findings have been scattered across diverse publications in different disciplines, and opportunities for interdisciplinary exchange have been very limited. The editor's aim is to provide an arena for such exchange by bringing together papers on pointing gestures from disciplines, such as developmental psychology, psycholinguistics, sign-language linguistics, linguistic anthropology, conversational analysis, and primatology. Questions raised by the editors include: *Do chimpanzees produce and comprehend pointing gestures in the same way as humans? *What are cross-cultural variations of pointing gestures? *In what sense are pointing gestures human universal? *What is the relationship between the development of pointing and language in children? *What linguistic roles do pointing gestures play in signed language? *Why do speakers sometimes point to seemingly empty space in front of them during conversation? *How do pointing gestures contribute to the unfolding of face-to-face interaction that involves objects in the environment? *What are the semiotic processes that relate what is pointed at and what is actually "meant" by the pointing gesture (the relationship between the two are often not as simple as one might think)? *Do pointing gestures facilitate the production of accompanying speech? The volume can be used as a required text in a course on gestural communication with multidisciplinary perspectives. It can also be used as a supplemental text in an advanced undergraduate or graduate course on interpersonal communication, cross-cultural communication, language development, and psychology of language.
Enacting The Roles Of Boss And Employee In German Business Meetings
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Author : Tobias Barske
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2016-08-17
Enacting The Roles Of Boss And Employee In German Business Meetings written by Tobias Barske and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-17 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book investigates how participants in German business meetings collaborate to “talk” this speech exchange system into existence. Using the methodology of conversation analysis, the study describes how participants in meetings perform different social roles, specifically, focusing on ways in which the enactment of “doing-being-boss” and “doing-being-employee” depends upon a moment-by-moment collaboration between all participants. In its description of how participants enact these social roles through talk-in-interaction, the book also incorporates systematically embodied actions into the analysis of business meetings. Chapter Two situates this project within existing studies on business meetings, and introduces the research methodology of conversation analysis, while Chapter 3 examines all uses of the particle ok in German business meetings, arguing that certain uses of ok relate to enacting the social role of “doing-being-boss.” Chapter 4 then investigates the practice of how employees produce extended reports about ongoing projects. In discussing the social role of “doing-being-employee,” it compares the practice of story-telling in ordinary conversation to that of producing reports during German business meetings. Moreover, Chapter 5 problematizes the notion of pre-assigned social roles. Using the concept of zones of interactional transition, it discusses instances where employees question the role of the meeting facilitator, chairperson, and boss. In analyzing the interactional fallout in these examples, it offers additional evidence that social roles such as boss represent a social construct which depends on a constant co-construction of this role. Finally, the conclusion situates the study’s findings within the field of institutional talk.
Queering Knowledge
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Author : Paul Boyce
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-08-28
Queering Knowledge written by Paul Boyce and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-28 with Social Science categories.
This volume draws on the significance of the work of Marilyn Strathern in respect of its potential to queer anthropological analysis and to foster the reimagining of the object of anthropology. The authors examine the ways in which Strathern’s varied analytics facilitate the construction of alternative forms of anthropological thinking, and greater understanding of how knowledge practices of queer objects, subjects and relations operate and take effect. Queering Knowledge offers an innovative collection of writing, bringing about queer and anthropological syntheses through Strathern’s oeuvre. It will be relevant to scholars from anthropology as well as a number of other disciplines, including gender, sexuality and queer studies. *Winner of the 2020 Ruth Benedict Prize for Outstanding Edited Volume*
Sensing The Everyday
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Author : C. Nadia Seremetakis
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-03-18
Sensing The Everyday written by C. Nadia Seremetakis and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-18 with Social Science categories.
Sensing the Everyday is a multi-sited ethnographic inquiry based on fieldwork experiences and sharp everyday observations in the era of crisis. Blending sophisticated theoretical analyses with original ethnographic data, C. Nadia Seremetakis journeys from Greece to Vienna, Edinburgh, Albania, Ireland, and beyond. Social crisis is seen through its transnational multiplication of borders, thresholds and margins, divisions, and localities as linguistic, bodily, sensory, and performative sites of the quotidian in process. The book proposes everyday life not as a sanctuary or as a recessed zone distanced from the structural violence of the state and the market, but as a condition of im/possibility, unable to be lived as such, yet still an encapsulating habitus. There the impossibility of the quotidian is concretized as fragmentary and fragmenting material forces. Seremetakis weaves together topics as diverse as borders and bodies, history and death, the earth and the senses, language and affect, violence and public culture, the sociality of dreaming, and the spatialization of the traumatic, in a journey through antiphonic witnessing and memory. Her montage explores various ways of juxtaposing reality with the irreal and the imaginal to expose the fictioning of social reality. The book locates her approach to ethnography and the ‘native ethnographer’ in wider anthropological and philosophical debates, and proposes a dialogical interfacing of theory and practice, the translation of academic knowledge to public knowledge