One Hundred Years Of Chemical Warfare Research Deployment Consequences
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One Hundred Years Of Chemical Warfare Research Deployment Consequences
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Author : Bretislav Friedrich
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-26
One Hundred Years Of Chemical Warfare Research Deployment Consequences written by Bretislav Friedrich and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-26 with History categories.
This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. On April 22, 1915, the German military released 150 tons of chlorine gas at Ypres, Belgium. Carried by a long-awaited wind, the chlorine cloud passed within a few minutes through the British and French trenches, leaving behind at least 1,000 dead and 4,000 injured. This chemical attack, which amounted to the first use of a weapon of mass destruction, marks a turning point in world history. The preparation as well as the execution of the gas attack was orchestrated by Fritz Haber, the director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry in Berlin-Dahlem. During World War I, Haber transformed his research institute into a center for the development of chemical weapons (and of the means of protection against them). Bretislav Friedrich and Martin Wolf (Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, the successor institution of Haber’s institute) together with Dieter Hoffmann, Jürgen Renn, and Florian Schmaltz (Max Planck Institute for the History of Science) organized an international symposium to commemorate the centenary of the infamous chemical attack. The symposium examined crucial facets of chemical warfare from the first research on and deployment of chemical weapons in WWI to the development and use of chemical warfare during the century hence. The focus was on scientific, ethical, legal, and political issues of chemical weapons research and deployment — including the issue of dual use — as well as the ongoing effort to control the possession of chemical weapons and to ultimately achieve their elimination. The volume consists of papers presented at the symposium and supplemented by additional articles that together cover key aspects of chemical warfare from 22 April 1915 until the summer of 2015.
Effects Of Chemical Warfare
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Author : Andy Thomas
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-03-30
Effects Of Chemical Warfare written by Andy Thomas and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-30 with History categories.
Originally published in 1985, this book is the result of an exploration of the state papers of the United Kingdom undertaken with the aim of discovering information about the past use of chemical warfare. This information may serve as a point of historical reference in speculation upon the possible nature and consequences of large-scale chemical warfare recurring in Europe. Part I of the monograph concentrates primarily on material documenting the use of chemical weapons in the First and Second World Wars, the impact of this use on the civilian populations of France and Belgium, casualties incurred in the production, research, development, training and deployment of chemical warfare agents, and the attempts made to incorporate chemical weapons into military doctrine and war-preparedness. Part II supplements the citation of documents in Part I. It comprises an ordered bibliography listing not only the location of the records found to be of primary concern to this study, but also the location of other records not cited in Part I which appear to form much of the remainder of the official record of the British CW effort. A list of some of the papers which have not been released comprises the concluding section.
Public Health Response To Biological And Chemical Weapons
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Author : Organisation mondiale de la santé
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2004-01-21
Public Health Response To Biological And Chemical Weapons written by Organisation mondiale de la santé and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-21 with Architecture categories.
This is the second edition of this publication which focuses on the public health aspects of the possible deliberate use of biological or chemical agents. Issues discussed include: the key principles for public health planning, risk assessment, hazard identification and evaluation, risk management strategies, and response planning as part of existing national emergency plans, disease surveillance and early warning systems, the national and international legal framework, and international sources of assistance. Technical annexes cover a range of issues including chemical agents, toxins, biological agents, principles of protection, precautions against the sabotage of drinking water, food and other products, information resources and the affiliation of WHO Member States to the international treaties on biological and chemical weapons.
Chemical And Biological Warfare
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Author : Eric Croddy
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-06-27
Chemical And Biological Warfare written by Eric Croddy and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-27 with Science categories.
The armaments of chemical and biological warfare (CBW) are now widely held not just by nation-states, but by terrorist and criminal enterprises. The weapons themselves are relatively inexpensive and very easy to hide, allowing organizations of just a few dozen people to deploy potentially devastating attacks. While in the twentieth century most arms-control efforts focused, rightly, on nuclear arsenals, in the twenty-first century CBW will almost certainly require just as much attention. This book defines the basics of CBW for the concerned citizen, including non-alarmist scientific descriptions of the weapons and their antidotes, methods of deployment and defensive response, and the likelihood in the current global political climate of additional proliferation.
A History Of Chemical Warfare
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Author : K. Coleman
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2005-05-23
A History Of Chemical Warfare written by K. Coleman and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-05-23 with Science categories.
This book provides an analysis of the development and deployment of chemical weapons from 700BC to the present day. The First World War is examined in detail since it remains the most significant experience of the chemical threat, but the Second World War, and post-war conflicts are also evaluated. Additionally, protocols attempting to control the proliferation and use of chemical weapons are assessed. Finally, the book examines the threat (real and imagined) from a chemical warfare attack today by rationally assessing to what extent terrorist groups around the world are capable of making and using such weapons.
Strategies To Protect The Health Of Deployed U S Forces
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-04-21
Strategies To Protect The Health Of Deployed U S Forces written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-04-21 with Medical categories.
Since Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm, Gulf War veterans have expressed concerns about health effects that could be associated with their deployment and service during the war. Although similar concerns were raised after other military operations, the Gulf War deployment focused national attention on the potential, but uncertain, relationship between the presence of chemical and biological (CB) agents and other harmful agents in theater and health symptoms reported by military personnel. Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces which is one of the four two-year studies, examines the detection and tracking of exposures of deployed personnel to multiple harmful agents.
Global Health Security
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Author : Anthony J. Masys
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-01
Global Health Security written by Anthony J. Masys and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-01 with Social Science categories.
With our highly connected and interdependent world, the growing threat of infectious diseases and public health crisis has shed light on the requirement for global efforts to manage and combat highly pathogenic infectious diseases and other public health crisis on an unprecedented level. Such disease threats transcend borders. Reducing global threats posed by infectious disease outbreaks – whether naturally caused or resulting from a deliberate or accidental release – requires efforts that cross the disaster management pillars: mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. This book addresses the issues of global health security along 4 themes: Emerging Threats; Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery; Exploring the Technology Landscape for Solutions; Leadership and Partnership. The authors of this volume highlight many of the challenges that confront our global security environment today. These range from politically induced disasters, to food insecurity, to zoonosis and terrorism. More optimistically, the authors also present some advances in technology that can help us combat these threats. Understanding the challenges that confront us and the tools we have to overcome them will allow us to face our future with confidence.
Warfare In A Fragile World
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Author : Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Warfare In A Fragile World written by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Human ecology categories.
"Among the crucial problems that confront mankind today are those associated with a degraded environment. This book examines the extent to which warfare and other military activities contribute to such degradation. The military capability to damage the environment and to cause ecological disruption has escalated, and there is no sign that the level of conflict in the world is decreasing. The military use and abuse of each of the several major global habitats -- temperate, tropical, desert, arctic, insular, and oceanic -- are evalusated separately in the light of the civil use and abuse of that habitat"--Dust jacket.
The Poisonous Cloud
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Author : L. F. Haber
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1986-02-20
The Poisonous Cloud written by L. F. Haber and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986-02-20 with History categories.
The author examines fully the military role of chemical warfare and its effects on the people, industries, and administrations on both sides; he also considers the growing moral problems it created. The launching of an entirely new weapon that did not discriminate between soldiers and civilians raised complex issues which were debated endlessly between the wars and which, in recent years, have led to agreement among the powers not to use chemical or biological warfare.
Weapons Of Terror
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Author : Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission (Stockholm, Sweden)
language : en
Publisher: Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission (WMDC)
Release Date : 2006
Weapons Of Terror written by Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission (Stockholm, Sweden) and has been published by Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission (WMDC) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Nuclear, biological and chemical weapons are designed to cause destruction on a vastly greater scale than any conventional weapons, with the potential to kill thousands in a single attack and with effects that may persist in the environment and in our bodies indefinitely. This report by the independent Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission, chaired by Dr Hans Blix, sets out 60 recommendations on how the world community, national governments and civil society should address this global challenge under the following headings: preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons; preventing nuclear terrorism; reducing the threat and numbers of existing nuclear weapons; moving from regulating nuclear weapons to outlawing them; biological and toxin weapons; chemical weapons; weapons of mass destruction (WMD) delivery means, missile defences and weapons in space; export controls, international assistance and non-governmental actors; compliance, verification, enforcement and the role of the United Nations.