Open Field Farming In Medieval Europe
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Open Field Farming In Medieval Europe
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Author : Warren Ault
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-11-05
Open Field Farming In Medieval Europe written by Warren Ault and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-05 with Business & Economics categories.
This book presents a detailed account of the co-operative practice of agriculture in medieval England, shedding much light on how medieval villagers governed their own affairs. During this period co-operation was essential in ploughing, sowing and reaping, with communal control of the pasturing of the fallow and stubble. These practices were set out in customary by-laws which were agreed to by common consent and villages themselves were greatly involved with their enactment and enforcement. In the course of time, many of the by-laws were put into writing. Professor Ault has travelled extensively throughout England collecting and researching these agrarian ordinances and translating them into modern English. Since it was first published in 1972 this analysis has provided new insight into the organizational structure and governance of medieval villages in England and is essential reading for all those interested in the history of the Middle Ages.
The Origins Of Open Field Agriculture
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Author : Trevor Rowley
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-06-26
The Origins Of Open Field Agriculture written by Trevor Rowley and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-26 with History categories.
Originally published in 1981, The Origins of Open Field Agriculture looks at the problems connected with open field agriculture – the origins of strip cultivation, the three-field system, the adaptation of ‘Celtic’ fields, and the development of ploughing techniques. The book looks at the challenges to traditional ideas on the origins of settlement and their associated economy, and casts new light on understandings of village development. The book suggests that conventional views of the nucleated village, in the midst of open field strips as a product of the Anglo-Saxon migration, is no longer tenable. The book brings together the work of distinguished archaeologists, historians, and historical geographers and opens up a new perspective on the early development of medieval agriculture.
Open Field Farming In Medieval England
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Author : Warren O. Ault
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Open Field Farming In Medieval England written by Warren O. Ault and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Agriculture categories.
Agriculture In The Middle Ages
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Author : Martin Bakers
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Stanford Books
Release Date :
Agriculture In The Middle Ages written by Martin Bakers and has been published by Cambridge Stanford Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with History categories.
In the Middle Ages agriculture underwent many changes. The nobles and the clergy were considered the most important members of the feudal society. However, they were never the majority: in the Middle Ages, almost all people were peasants. Not all farmers had the same category and social status. Many of them were free men. Among these, some were small landowners who lived on their own land, while others, the settlers, leased the feudal lord a small plot of land.
Open Field Farming In Medieval England
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Author : Warren Ortman Ault
language : en
Publisher: Allen & Unwin Australia
Release Date : 1972-01-01
Open Field Farming In Medieval England written by Warren Ortman Ault and has been published by Allen & Unwin Australia this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972-01-01 with Agriculture categories.
Medieval Farming And Technology
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Author : Grenville G. Astill
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 1997
Medieval Farming And Technology written by Grenville G. Astill and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This is the first of three planned volumes which deal with the techniques and technology of agriculture in Europe in the period from 600 A.D. down to the 17th century. The focus of this first volume is Scandinavia, the British Isles, Northern Germany, the Low Countries and Northern France. The volume discusses methodological approaches and their limitations, the development of medieval agriculture in terms of the transmission of technological ideas, improvements in productivity, regional variations, social responses to agricultural technology, and those common trends that unite the Northwest European region.The volume integrates material derived from the great advances made in medieval archaeology and the historical study of landscapes during the past 30 years and has a supranational character. It will be of interest to all those working on the social, economic and political history of Northwest Europe in the medieval and early modern periods as well as to those undertaking research in the specific field of the history of technology.Technology and Change in HistoryThis new series of scholarly surveys is intended to offer an updating of the discussion of questions regarding the nature of technology and technological change first broached in the nine-volume survey by R. Forbes: Studies in Ancient Technology. The series will however take in not only the original scope of Forbes' work, namely the Ancient Near East and the Greco-Roman world, but will extend beyond this to cover the medieval and early modern periods.7The volumes in the series will be in English, of 300-800 pp., divided into 10-15 topical chapters and aim to present to scholars, graduate students and to non-specialist scholars the current state of knowledge in the various fields in the history of technology. They collect, assimilate and present facts, opinion, sources, and literature in the accessible way that Forbes did, but will also identify issues that have not been plainly addressed and will in doing so indicate where the field might profitably be going.Including notes and numerous illustrations, the volumes address questions of a primarily historical nature, such as: 1. what technological options were open to peoples at different times and different places? 2. what options did they choose and why? 3. what impact did this have on their contemporaries and successors (and on their technological choices)?Questions and problems more proper to political, social and economic history will also be touched upon, but the starting point and focus of this new series is the history of technology.Volumes planned in the series include:R.J. Curtis: Food Technology in Antiquity (1999)M.-C. Deprez-Masson and N.J. Mayhew (eds.): Metal Technology: 600-1800 A.D. (2001)P. Squatriti (ed.): Medieval Hydrotechnology (2001)O. Wikander (ed.): Ancient Water Technology (1998)G.R.H. Wright: Ancient Building Technology (1999)J. Langdon and G. Astill (eds.): Agrarian Technology in the Middle Ages: Northwest Europe (1996)
The Open Fields Of England
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Author : David Hall
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-06
The Open Fields Of England written by David Hall and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06 with History categories.
The first study to describe 100 years of pre-enclosure agricultural systems throughout England from one of the foremost authorities on medieval field systems.
Droit Subjectif Ou Droit Objectif
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Author : Christopher Dyer
language : en
Publisher: Brepols Publishers
Release Date : 2018
Droit Subjectif Ou Droit Objectif written by Christopher Dyer and has been published by Brepols Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Agricultural systems categories.
In the middle ages and the early modern period open fields could be found in many if not most countries of Europe. They took a wide variety of forms, but can in essence be defined as areas of cultivated land in which the intermingled plots of different cultivators, without upstanding physical boundaries, were subject to some degree of communal management, in terms of cropping and grazing. Sometimes such fields occupied a high proportion of the land in a district, but often they formed a relatively minor element in landscapes which also contained enclosed fields, woodland or expanses of pasture. In some areas, open-field agriculture had already been abandoned before the end of the middle ages, but in others it continued to flourish into the nineteenth or even twentieth centuries. Although open fields have long been studied, by geographers, historians and archaeologists, much about their origins, development and rationale remains contentious. Why, across wide areas of Europe, did such fields sometimes become central to the experience of so many of our ancestors, shaping not only farming practices but also the basic structures of their everyday lives? And why, in contrast, did they fail to develop, or have a less significant role, elsewhere? Over recent decades open fields have been investigated in new, interdisciplinary ways, and as a Europe-wide phenomenon. In this book, more than ever before, their development and operation are explained in terms of economic, social, agrarian and environmental developments which were shared, to varying degrees, by all parts of the Continent. It contains ten new studies from a wide range of regions, together with important comparative research from south America and Japan. This collection of essays represents a milestone in the study of open-field agriculture, and is a major contribution to the study of the rationale of field systems more generally.
The Origins Of Open Field Agriculture
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Author : TREVOR. ROWLEY
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-12-31
The Origins Of Open Field Agriculture written by TREVOR. ROWLEY and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-31 with categories.
Originally published in 1981, The Origins of Open Field Agriculture looks at the problems connected with open field agriculture - the origins of strip cultivation, the three-field system, the adaptation of 'Celtic' fields, and the development of ploughing techniques. The book looks at the challenges to traditional ideas on the origins of settlement and their associated economy, and casts new light on understandings of village development. The book suggests that conventional views of the nucleated village, in the midst of open field strips as a product of the Anglo-Saxon migration, is no longer tenable. The book brings together the work of distinguished archaeologists, historians, and historical geographers and opens up a new perspective on the early development of medieval agriculture.
Open Field Husbandry And The Village Community
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Author : Warren Ortman Ault
language : en
Publisher: Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society
Release Date : 1965
Open Field Husbandry And The Village Community written by Warren Ortman Ault and has been published by Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with History categories.