Operation Deepfreeze
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Operation Deepfreeze
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Author : George John Dufek
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1957
Operation Deepfreeze written by George John Dufek and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1957 with Antarctica categories.
Account of United States Navy's expedition to Antarctica, 1955-56, by commander of Task Force 43.
Operation Deep Freeze
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Author : Ellery D. Wallwork
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Operation Deep Freeze written by Ellery D. Wallwork and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Airlift, Military categories.
Operation Deep Freeze 1967
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: U.S. Navy Seabee Museum
Release Date : 1966
Operation Deep Freeze 1967 written by and has been published by U.S. Navy Seabee Museum this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Antarctica categories.
Operation Deepfreeze 1955 56
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Author : Joseph E. Oglesby
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1956
Operation Deepfreeze 1955 56 written by Joseph E. Oglesby and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1956 with Antarctica categories.
Operation Deepfreeze
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Author : George John Dufek
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1957
Operation Deepfreeze written by George John Dufek and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1957 with Antarctica categories.
Account of United States Navy's expedition to Antarctica, 1955-56, by commander of Task Force 43.
U S Navy Hydrographic Office Report On Operation Deep Freeze I
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1956
U S Navy Hydrographic Office Report On Operation Deep Freeze I written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1956 with Oceanography categories.
Antarctic Highlights U S Navy Operation Deep Freeze
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Author : United States. Navy Department
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Antarctic Highlights U S Navy Operation Deep Freeze written by United States. Navy Department and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Antarctica categories.
Seabee Cruise Book Operation Deep Freeze I 1955 56 Task Force 43
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Author : U. S. Navy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-09-18
Seabee Cruise Book Operation Deep Freeze I 1955 56 Task Force 43 written by U. S. Navy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-18 with Antarctica categories.
OPERATION DEEPFREEZE was planned in two stages. OPERATION DEEPFREEZE I, in 1955-56 was designed to build an airfield at McMurdo Sound. Another base was to be built near Little America in the Bay of Whales. Seven ships and 1800 men participated in the first year.OPERATION DEEPFREEZE II, in 1956-57, was intended to build a permanent station at the South Pole along with establishment of three other IGY stations...Byrd station in Marie Byrd Land, Wilkes station in Vincennes Bay and Ellsworth station on the Filchner Ice Shelf.Even though Byrd was in command of the operation, effective control of the operations were under Rear Admiral George Dufek. Deepfreeze I was a resounding success and with twelve ships and the assistance of 3400 men, Deepfreeze II succeeded in the establishment at the South Pole. Initially, a support base was built near the Beardmore Glacier where supply planes returning from the pole could stop and refuel. The base could also serve as an emergency rescue site. At the pole, the construction team built shelters, a power station and workshops. Plane after plane dropped hundreds of tons of supplies and equipment to make the base self sufficient. Once completed, the construction team was flown out and the scientific team flown in to be the first humans to spend winter at the South Pole. The station was completed in March 1947 and 18 men remained for the long winter.Chief of the scientific staff at the South Pole was Paul Siple, who was 19 years old when he accompanied Byrd on his first expedition in 1928. On September 18, 1957 the temperature reached a record -107F. After 43 years, the Navy officially withdrew from operations in Antarctica on February 20, 1998. Over the past three decades, most American operations in Antarctica have been under the authority of the National Science Foundation, although the Navy ran station kitchens, stores, security and transportation. The science foundation has contracted these functions to a commercial organization, Antarctic Support Associates, based in Denver, CO.
Operations Deep Freeze 63 And 64
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Author : Kenneth A. Countryman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1966
Operations Deep Freeze 63 And 64 written by Kenneth A. Countryman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Oceanography categories.
Oceanographic observations were conducted aboard USS EDISTO (AGB-2) during DEEP FREEZE 63 and USS ATKA (AGB-3) during DEEP FREEZE 64. Emphasis was focused on the distribution of water masses in the Ross Sea and the identifying physical characteristics of each type. NAVOCEANO personnel obtained data at 122 stations during DF-63 and at 79 stations during DF-64. Included in these totals are 23 annual ice forecasting stations which were reoccupied both years along the Victoria Land coast and in McMurdo Sound to determine sea ice potential by the heat budget reversal. The stations occupied on DF-63 were in the western half of the Ross Sea and most of those occupied on DF-64 were in the eastern half. Station data include vertical distribution of observed temperatures, salinities, dissolved oxygens, and phosphate-phosphorus and machine computed densities, specific volume anomalies, dynamic height anomalies, and sound velocities. Selected cross-section profiles of observed physical and chemical properties are presented to illustrate the water masses in the Ross Sea. Water types are defined and discussed. From the data presented, it is evident that warmer water from oceanic depths moves in over the continental shelf and is forced to the surface causing the central Ross Sea to become ice free earlier than surrounding areas. Additionally, there is evidence of the formation of colder, more dense, Shelf Water during the austral winter which acts as a barrier to this warmer water intrusion into the south-southwestern extremities of the sea. (Author).
Deep Freeze
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Author : Dian Olson Belanger
language : en
Publisher: University Press of Colorado
Release Date : 2019-04-01
Deep Freeze written by Dian Olson Belanger and has been published by University Press of Colorado this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-01 with History categories.
“A comprehensive and lively book about the people and events that transformed Antarctica into an international laboratory for science.”—Raimund E. Goerler, Chief Archivist/Byrd Polar Research Center of The Ohio State University In Deep Freeze, Dian Olson Belanger tells the story of the pioneers who built viable communities, made vital scientific discoveries, and established Antarctica as a continent dedicated to peace and the pursuit of science, decades after the first explorers planted flags in the ice. In the tense 1950s, even as the world was locked in the Cold War, U.S. scientists, maintained by the Navy’s Operation Deep Freeze, came together in Antarctica with counterparts from eleven other countries to participate in the International Geophysical Year (IGY). On July 1, 1957, they began systematic, simultaneous scientific observations of the south-polar ice and atmosphere. Their collaborative success over eighteen months inspired the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, which formalized their peaceful pursuit of scientific knowledge. Still building on the achievements of the individuals and distrustful nations thrown together by the IGY from mutually wary military, scientific, and political cultures, science prospers today and peace endures. Belanger draws from interviews, diaries, memoirs, and official records to weave together the first thorough study of the dawn of Antarctica’s scientific age. Deep Freeze offers absorbing reading for those who have ventured onto Antarctic ice and those who dream of it, as well as historians, scientists, and policy makers. “[A] highly informative and readable narrative account of perhaps the single most striking international scientific endeavor of the twentieth century.” —The Polar Record “Deep Freeze, based on countless interviews and painstaking research, is a timely and gripping account.” —John C. Behrendt, author of Innocents on the Ice
