Optics Of Conducting Polymer Thin Films And Nanostructures
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Optics Of Conducting Polymer Thin Films And Nanostructures
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Author : Shangzhi Chen
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2021-02-19
Optics Of Conducting Polymer Thin Films And Nanostructures written by Shangzhi Chen and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-19 with categories.
Intrinsically conducting polymers forms a category of doped conjugated polymers that can conduct electricity. Since their discovery in the late 1970s, they have been widely applied in many fields, ranging from optoelectronic devices to biosensors. The most common type of conducting polymers is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), or PEDOT. PEDOT has been popularly used as electrodes for solar cells or light-emitting diodes, as channels for organic electrochemical transistors, and as p-type legs for organic thermoelectric generators. Although many studies have been dedicated to PEDOT-based materials, there has been a lack of a unified model to describe their optical properties across different spectral ranges. In addition, the interesting optical properties of PEDOT-based materials, benefiting from its semi-metallic character, have only been rarely studied and utilized, and could potentially enable new applications. Plasmonics is a research field focusing on interactions between light and metals, such as the noble metals (gold and silver). It has enabled various opportunities in fundamental photonics as well as practical applications, varying from biosensors to colour displays. This thesis explores highly conducting polymers as alternatives to noble metals and as a new type of active plasmonic materials. Despite high degrees of microstructural disorder, conducting polymers can possess electrical conductivity approaching that of poor metals, with particularly high conductivity for PEDOT deposited via vapour phase polymerization (VPP). In this thesis, we systematically studied the optical and structural properties of VPP PEDOT thin films and their nanostructures for plasmonics and other optical applications. We employed ultra-wide spectral range ellipsometry to characterize thin VPP PEDOT films and proposed an anisotropic Drude-Lorentz model to describe their optical conductivity, covering the ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and terahertz ranges. Based on this model, PEDOT doped with tosylate (PEDOT:Tos) presented negative real permittivity in the near infrared range. While this indicated optical metallic character, the material also showed comparably large imaginary permittivity and associated losses. To better understand the VPP process, we carefully examined films with a collection of microstructural and spectroscopic characterization methods and found a vertical layer stratification in these polymer films. We unveiled the cause as related to unbalanced transport of polymerization precursors. By selection of suitable counterions, e.g., trifluoromethane sulfonate (OTf), and optimization of reaction conditions, we were able to obtain PEDOT films with electrical conductivity exceeding 5000 S/cm. In the near infrared range from 1 to 5 µm, these PEDOT:OTf films provided a well-defined plasmonic regime, characterized by negative real permittivity and lower magnitude imaginary component. Using a colloidal lithography-based approach, we managed to fabricate nanodisks of PEDOT:OTf and showed that they exhibited clear plasmonic absorption features. The experimental results matched theoretical calculations and numerical simulations. Benefiting from their mixed ionic-electronic conducting characters, such organic plasmonic materials possess redox-tunable properties that make them promising as tuneable optical nanoantennas for spatiotemporally dynamic systems. Finally, we presented a low-cost and efficient method to create structural colour surfaces and images based on UV-treated PEDOT films on metallic mirrors. The concept generates beautiful and vivid colours through-out the visible range utilizing a synergistic effect of simultaneously modulating polymer absorption and film thickness. The simplicity of the device structure, facile fabrication process, and tunability make this proof-of-concept device a potential candidate for future low-cost backlight-free displays and labels.
Conducting Polymers With Micro Or Nanometer Structure
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Author : Meixiang Wan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-03-15
Conducting Polymers With Micro Or Nanometer Structure written by Meixiang Wan and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Conducting Polymers with Micro or Nanometer Structure describes a topic discovered by three winners of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2000: Alan J. Heeger, University of California at Santa Barbara, Alan G. MacDiarmid at the University of Pennsylvania, and Hideki Shirakawa at the University of Tsukuba. Since then, the unique properties of conducting polymers have led to promising applications in functional materials and technologies. The book first briefly summarizes the main concepts of conducting polymers before introducing micro/nanostructured conducting polymers dealing with their synthesis, structural characterizations, formation mechanisms, physical and chemical properties, and potential applications in nanomaterials and nanotechnology. The book is intended for researchers in the related fields of chemistry, physics, materials, nanomaterials and nanodevices. Meixiang Wan is a professor at the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.
Nanoplasmonics Nano Optics Nanocomposites And Surface Studies
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Author : Olena Fesenko
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-07-08
Nanoplasmonics Nano Optics Nanocomposites And Surface Studies written by Olena Fesenko and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-08 with Science categories.
This book highlights the most recent advances in nano science from leading researchers in Ukraine, Europe and beyond. It features contributions from participants of the 3rd International Summer School “Nanotechnology: From Fundamental Research to Innovations,” held in Yaremche, Ukraine on August 23-26, 2014 and of the 2nd International NANO-2014 Conference, held in Lviv, Ukraine on August 27-30, 2014. These events took place within the framework of the European Commission FP7 project Nano twinning and were organized jointly by the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, University of Tartu (Estonia), University of Turin (Italy) and Pierre and Marie Curie University (France). Internationally recognized experts from a wide range of universities and research institutions share their knowledge and key results in the areas of nanocomposites and nanomaterials, nanostructured surfaces, microscopy of nano-objects, nano-optics and nano photonics, nano plasmonics, nano chemistry, nano biotechnology and surface enhanced spectroscopy. Covers nanocomposites, nano structured surfaces and nano biotechnology Presents state-of-the-art advances in nano plasmonics, nanomaterials characterization and surface enhanced spectroscopy Represents essential reading for advanced undergraduate and graduate students through practicing university and industry researchers
Conducting Polymers For Advanced Energy Applications
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Author : Ram K. Gupta
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-12-23
Conducting Polymers For Advanced Energy Applications written by Ram K. Gupta and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book details the use of conducting polymers and their composites in supercapacitors, batteries, photovoltaics, and fuel cells, nearly covering the entire spectrum of energy area under one title. Conducting Polymers for Advanced Energy Applications covers a range of advanced materials based on conducting polymers, the fundamentals, and the chemistry behind these materials for energy applications. FEATURES Covers materials, chemistry, various synthesis approaches, and the properties of conducting polymers and their composites Discusses commercialization and markets and elaborates on advanced applications Presents an overview and the advantages of using conducting polymers and their composites for advanced energy applications Describes a variety of nanocomposites, including metal oxides, chalcogenides, graphene, and materials beyond graphene Offers the fundamentals of electrochemical behavior This book provides a new direction for scientists, researchers, and students in materials science and polymer chemistry who seek to better understand the chemistry behind conducting polymers and improve their performance for use in advanced energy applications.
Nanostructured Conductive Polymers
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Author : Ali Eftekhari
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-07-07
Nanostructured Conductive Polymers written by Ali Eftekhari and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Providing a vital link between nanotechnology and conductive polymers, this book covers advances in topics of this interdisciplinary area. In each chapter, there is a discussion of current research issues while reviewing the background of the topic. The selection of topics and contributors from around the globe make this text an outstanding resource for researchers involved in the field of nanomaterials or polymer materials design. The book is divided into three sections: From Conductive Polymers to Nanotechnology, Synthesis and Characterization, and Applications.
Nanobiosensing
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Author : Huangxian Ju
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-08-18
Nanobiosensing written by Huangxian Ju and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book will cover the full scope of nanobiosensing, which combines the newest research results in the cross-disciplines of chemistry, biology, and materials science with biosensing and bioanalysis to develop novel detection principles, sensing mechanisms, and device engineering methods. It not only covers the important types of nanomaterials for biosensing applications, including carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofiber, quantum dots, fullerenes, fluorescent and biological molecules, etc., but also illustrates a wide range of sensing principles, including electrochemical detection, fluorescence, chemiluminesence, antibody-antigen interactions, and magnetic detection. The book details novel developments in the methodology and devices of biosensing and bioanalysis combined with nanoscience and nanotechnology, as well as their applications in biomedicine and environmental monitoring. Furthermore, the reported works on the application and biofunction of nanoparticles have attracted extensive attention and interest, thus they are of particular interest to readers. The reader will obtain a rich survey of nanobiosensing technology, including the principles and application of biosensing, the design and biofunctionalization of bionanomaterials, as well as the methodology to develop biosensing devices and bioanalytical systems.
1995 Federal Research And Development Program In Materials Science And Technology
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Author : National Science and Technology Council (U.S.). Materials Technology Subcommittee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
1995 Federal Research And Development Program In Materials Science And Technology written by National Science and Technology Council (U.S.). Materials Technology Subcommittee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Government publications categories.
Semiconducting Polymer Composites
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Author : Xiaoniu Yang
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-10-05
Semiconducting Polymer Composites written by Xiaoniu Yang and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The first part of Semiconducting Polymer Composites describes the principles and concepts of semiconducting polymer composites in general, addressing electrical conductivity, energy alignment at interfaces, morphology, energy transfer, percolation theory and processing techniques. In later chapters, different types of polymer composites are discussed: mixtures of semiconducting and insulating or semiconducting and semiconducting components, respectively. These composites are suitable for a variety of applications that are presented in detail, including transistors and solar cells, sensors and detectors, diodes and lasers as well as anti-corrosive and anti-static surface coatings.
Handbook Of Nanostructured Materials And Nanotechnology
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Author : Hari Singh Nalwa
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2000
Handbook Of Nanostructured Materials And Nanotechnology written by Hari Singh Nalwa and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Nanostructure materials categories.
"Nanostructured materials is one of the hottest and fastest growing areas in today's materials science field, along with the related field of solid state physics. Nanostructured materials and their based technologies have opened up exciting new possibilites for future applications in a number of areas including aerospace, automotive, x-ray technology, batteries, sensors, color imaging, printing, computer chips, medical implants, pharmacy, and cosmetics. The ability to change properties on the atomic level promises a revolution in many realms of science and technology. Thus, this book details the high level of activity and significant findings are available for those involved in research and development in the field. It also covers industrial findings and corporate support. This five-volume set summarizes fundamentals of nano-science in a comprehensive way. The contributors enlisted by the editor are at elite institutions worldwide. Key Features * Provides comprehensive coverage of the dominant technology of the 21st century * Written by 127 authors from 16 countries, making this truly international * First and only reference to cover all aspects of nanostructured materials and nanotechnology" -- OCLC.
Handbook Of Nanoscale Optics And Electronics
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2010-05-25
Handbook Of Nanoscale Optics And Electronics written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-05-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
With the increasing demand for smaller, faster, and more highly integrated optical and electronic devices, as well as extremely sensitive detectors for biomedical and environmental applications, a field called nano-optics or nano-photonics/electronics is emerging – studying the many promising optical properties of nanostructures. Like nanotechnology itself, it is a rapidly evolving and changing field – but because of strong research activity in optical communication and related devices, combined with the intensive work on nanotechnology, nano-optics is shaping up fast to be a field with a promising future. This book serves as a one-stop review of modern nano-optical/photonic and nano-electronic techniques, applications, and developments. - Provides overview of the field of Nano-optics/photonics and electronics, detailing practical examples of photonic technology in a wide range of applications - Discusses photonic systems and devices with mathematical rigor precise enough for design purposes - A one-stop review of modern nano-optical/photonic and nano-electronic techniques, applications, and developments