Optimal Incentive Disincentive Determination Between Cost And Benefit
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Optimal Incentive Disincentive Determination Between Cost And Benefit
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Author : Piyush Sharma
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Optimal Incentive Disincentive Determination Between Cost And Benefit written by Piyush Sharma and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
In an effort to motivate contractors to complete construction projects early on high-impact highway pavement construction projects, state transportation agencies (STAs) including TxDOT have often used incentive/disincentive (I/D) contracts. However, determining I/D rates is extremely difficult due largely to the lack of systematic methods for helping STAs determine effective I/D rates. The primary goal of this project is to develop a novel framework for determining the most realistic and economical I/D dollar amounts for high-impact highway improvement projects. To achieve its goal, this project proposes an integration analysis including project schedule and the lower and upper bounds of the I/D contract. The lower bound is the contractor's additional cost of acceleration, and the upper is the total savings to road users and to the agency. The study data were gathered using Construction Analysis for Pavement Rehabilitation Strategies (CA4PRS) software. These data were then grouped by four different types of pavements, namely Joint Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP), Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP), Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA), and Milling and Asphalt Concrete Overlay (MACO). With these data, a series of regression analyses were carried out to develop predictive models for the validation of time-cost tradeoff to determine I/D lower bound. Road user cost and agency cost savings were quantified using CA4PRS to develop lookup tables to determine I/D upper bound. Adjustment of contractors' additional cost of acceleration with Level of Service (LOS) and total savings adjustment using Net Present Value (NPV) were incorporated in the research study to calculate point based estimates of I/D for lower and upper bound, respectively. Lastly, case studies on real world projects were conducted to evaluate robustness of the model. The research results reveal that the predictive models give appropriate results for the case studies in determining the I/D dollar amount for the lower and upper bound. This study will provide the research community with the first view and systematic estimation method that STAs can use to determine the most economical and realistic I/D dollar amount for a given project- an optimal value that allows the agency to stay within budget while effectively motivating contractors to complete projects ahead of schedule. It will also significantly reduce the agency's expenses in the time and effort required for determining I/D dollar amounts. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151087
Incentive Provision When Contracting Is Costly
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Author : Ola Kvaløy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Incentive Provision When Contracting Is Costly written by Ola Kvaløy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
A Comprehensive Guide To Budgeting For Health Care Managers
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Author : Thomas K. Ross
language : en
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Release Date : 2018-02-05
A Comprehensive Guide To Budgeting For Health Care Managers written by Thomas K. Ross and has been published by Jones & Bartlett Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-05 with Medical categories.
Understanding budgeting goals, processes, and incentives are vital skills for health care managers as they are responsible for creating budgets and managing their departments within the established budget. However, many health care managers lack these basic skills. This book is a comprehensive examination of budgeting practices designed to provide students with the ability to construct budgets and analyze differences between actual financial results and the budget. Each chapter takes the reader through a step-by-step process to analyze systems, incorporate organizational goals into budgets, identify performance issues, and explore how budget systems impact behavior.
Guidance For Implementation Of The Aashto Strategic Highway Safety Plan
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Author : Nicholas D. Antonucci
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2005
Guidance For Implementation Of The Aashto Strategic Highway Safety Plan written by Nicholas D. Antonucci and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Welfare Economics And Second Best Theory
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Author : Richard S. Markovits
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-05-30
Welfare Economics And Second Best Theory written by Richard S. Markovits and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-30 with Business & Economics categories.
This book examines the implications of The General Theory of Second Best for analyzing the economic efficiency of non-government conduct or government policies in an economically efficient way. It develops and legitimates an economically efficient economic-efficiency-analysis protocol with three unique characteristics: First, the protocol focuses separately on each of a wide variety of categories of economic inefficiency, many of which conventional analyses ignore. Second, it analyzes the impact of conduct or policies on each of these categories of economic inefficiency, primarily by predicting the respective conduct’s/policy’s impact on the distortion that the economy’s various Pareto imperfections generate in the profits yielded by the resource allocations associated with the individual categories of economic inefficiency—i.e., on the difference between their profitability and economic efficiency. And third, it is third-best—i.e., it instructs the analyst to execute a theoretical or empirical research project if and only if the economic-efficiency gains the project is expected to generate by increasing the accuracy of economic-efficiency conclusions exceed the predicted allocative cost of its execution and public financing. The book also uses the protocol to analyze the economic efficiency of specific policies so as to illustrate both how it differs from the protocols that most applied welfare economists continue to use and how its conclusions differ from those produced by standard analysis.
Incentives And Disincentives For Ridesharing
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Author : Joseph B. Margolin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Incentives And Disincentives For Ridesharing written by Joseph B. Margolin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Car pools categories.
Analysis of survey of 800 commuters in the District of Columbia area.
European Emissions Trading In Practice
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Author : Stefano Clò
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2011
European Emissions Trading In Practice written by Stefano Clò and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.
'Emission markets are crucial both to provide the right incentives to reduce GHG emissions and to fund investments necessary for a transition to a low carbon world. Emission markets however cannot achieve these objectives if inappropriately designed. This book is a novel and fresh attempt to look at the real functioning of the EU Emission Trading Scheme and to assess its effectiveness and inconsistencies, its positive and negative impacts on industrial and financial markets. With the overall objective to improve its design and performance.' Carlo Carraro, University of Venice, Italy '. . . this important book has the great achievement of addressing a complicated and socially highly debated issue of how society could be given optimal incentives for emission reductions from a legal and economic perspective. Moreover, it not only addresses the various issues from a theoretical perspective, but provides important empirical evidence on the working of emissions trading as well. The book will undoubtedly have important lessons not only at the theoretical level, but also for policy makers interested in improving the effectiveness of emission trading schemes.' From the foreword by Michael Faure This unique and up-to-date book analyses the functioning of the European Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) and assesses the extent to which relevant legislation has affected its capacity to promote cost-effective reduction of European carbon emissions. The author investigates whether inefficiency has been caused by both the ETS cap setting procedure and by the ETS relevant allocation rule, as defined by Directive 2003/87/EC. He then considers whether the new Directive 2009/29/EC, which reforms the ETS institutional design, is likely to improve the scheme's effectiveness by reducing the risk of carbon leakage which could potentially be a consequence of implementing a unilateral policy across the asymmetric political landscape of Europe. This well-documented book will appeal to researchers and postgraduate students in environmental law and environmental economics, as well as policymakers within environment, industry and economics, and electric and industrial operators and stakeholders. Environmental NGOs, energy and environmental consulting groups, members of the European Commission, and energy and environmental think-tanks will also find much to interest them in this insightful book.
Time Related Incentive And Disincentive Provisions In Highway Construction Contracts
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Author : Gary J. Fick
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2010
Time Related Incentive And Disincentive Provisions In Highway Construction Contracts written by Gary J. Fick and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Business & Economics categories.
This report will be of interest to state and local highway agency construction managers and contractors with regard to learning about best practices of time-related incentive and disincentive contract provisions and their effect on staffing levels, productivity, project cost, quality, contract administration, and the contractor's operations and innovations. The report also presents a decision process guide to use as a template for crafting the incentive/disincentive provisions.
Tax And Optimal Capital Budgeting Decisions
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Author : Suzanne Farrar
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018
Tax And Optimal Capital Budgeting Decisions written by Suzanne Farrar and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Business & Economics categories.
First published in 1999, this volume responds to the system of corporate taxation in the UK and aims to develop mathematical programming models which determine the optimum combination of investment decisions and financing methods for capital budgeting on a post-tax basis, incorporating specific important areas not previously examined in the literature. Suzanne Farrar also aims to achieve operational experience of these models, in order to gain insights into the impact of taxation on project appraisal in complex situations where several potentially distorting tax effects operate simultaneously, and the general practical feasibility of operational use. Beginning with capital investment and the UK Corporate Tax System, Farrar moves onto capital investment appraisal, tax and optimal financing, optimisation models in capital budgeting, the mathematical programming model and operational use of that model.
Incentives And Disincentives In Organ Donation
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Author : Ruiping Fan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-05-02
Incentives And Disincentives In Organ Donation written by Ruiping Fan and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-02 with Medical categories.
This book provides the first systematic study on three types of incentives for organ donation. It covers extensive research conducted in four culturally different societies: Hong Kong, mainland China, Iran and the United States, and shows on the basis of the research that a new model of incentives can be constructed to enhance organ donation in contemporary societies. The book focuses on three types of incentives: honorary incentives, commonly adopted in the United States and other Western countries by offering things such as a thank-you card and a memorial park for donors to encourage donations motivated by pure altruism; compensationalist incentives, adopted in the Islamic Republic of Iran to encourage donation by providing monetary compensation to unrelated living donors for appreciating their altruistic contribution of donation; and familist incentives, implemented in Israel and mainland China to provide priority to organ transplantation to donors and/or their family members. The book demonstrates that a new model of incentives must go beyond offering only one type of incentives and should rather include different types of incentives that are practically effective, politically legitimate and ethically justifiable for particular societies. This implies that suitable incentive measures may vary from society to society to optimize organ donation. This book provides a clear reference for both the scholars and practitioners in the field of organ transplantation, as well as for general readers interested in bioethics and health care policy.