Optimally Irrational
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Optimally Irrational
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Author : Lionel Page
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-11-03
Optimally Irrational written by Lionel Page and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-03 with Business & Economics categories.
For a long time, economists have assumed that we were cold, self-centred, rational decision makers – so-called Homo economicus; the last few decades have shattered this view. The world we live in and the situations we face are of course rich and complex, revealing puzzling aspects of our behaviour. Optimally Irrational argues that our improved understanding of human behaviour shows that apparent 'biases' are good solutions to practical problems – that many of the 'flaws' identified by behavioural economics are actually adaptive solutions. Page delivers an ambitious overview of the literature in behavioural economics and, through the exposition of these flaws and their meaning, presents a sort of unified theory of behaviouralism, cognitive psychology and evolutionary biology. He gathers theoretical and empirical evidence about the causes of behavioural 'biases' and proposes a big picture of what the discipline means for economics.
Optimally Irrational
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Author : Lionel Page
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-10-31
Optimally Irrational written by Lionel Page and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-31 with Business & Economics categories.
The seemingly irrational, puzzling aspects of human behaviour are not bugs, but features. Improving our navigation of the real world.
Bounded Rationality In Decision Making Under Uncertainty Towards Optimal Granularity
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Author : Joe Lorkowski
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-07-01
Bounded Rationality In Decision Making Under Uncertainty Towards Optimal Granularity written by Joe Lorkowski and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book addresses an intriguing question: are our decisions rational? It explains seemingly irrational human decision-making behavior by taking into account our limited ability to process information. It also shows with several examples that optimization under granularity restriction leads to observed human decision-making. Drawing on the Nobel-prize-winning studies by Kahneman and Tversky, researchers have found many examples of seemingly irrational decisions: e.g., we overestimate the probability of rare events. Our explanation is that since human abilities to process information are limited, we operate not with the exact values of relevant quantities, but with “granules” that contain these values. We show that optimization under such granularity indeed leads to observed human behavior. In particular, for the first time, we explain the mysterious empirical dependence of betting odds on actual probabilities. This book can be recommended to all students interested in human decision-making, to researchers whose work involves human decisions, and to practitioners who design and employ systems involving human decision-making —so that they can better utilize our ability to make decisions under uncertainty.
Resources In Education
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Resources In Education written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Education categories.
Hatred
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Author : Berit Brogaard
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2020
Hatred written by Berit Brogaard and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Hate categories.
"Hatred: Understanding Our Most Dangerous Emotion The first in-depth philosophical analysis of personal hate and group hate, Hate: Understanding Our Most Dangerous Emotion explores how personal hatred can foster domestic violence and emotional abuse, how hate-proneness is a main contributor to the aggressive tendencies of borderlines, narcissists and psychopaths, how seemingly ordinary people embark on some of history's worst hate crimes, and how cohesive groups, subjected to spontaneous forces of group polarization, can develop extremist viewpoints of the sort that motivate hate crimes, mass shootings, and terrorism. The book's first part explores hate in intimate relationships, looking for an answer to the question of why our intimate relationships can survive hate and resentment, but not disrespect or contempt. Berit "Brit" Brogaard shows that where contempt creates an irreparable power imbalance, hate is tied to fear, which our brains may reinterpret as thrill, attraction and excitement. But this can also make hate a dangerous emotion that convinces people to hang onto abusive relationships. When tied to vengeance and the dark triad of personality, hate is not only dangerous but also dehumanizing. Vengeance and the dark personalities are not essential to hate, however. Without them, hate can have more admirable ends. The book's second part explores the polarizing forces that can bias cohesive groups of like-minded individuals and contribute to what is effectively a hate crisis. Drawing on history, politics, legal theory, philosophy, and psychology, Brogaard shows how cultural myths about femininity, ethnic groups, and the land of opportunity perpetuate misogyny, white supremacy and anti-Semitism. But, she argues, politicians and policymakers have it in their power to address the hate crisis through legislation that preserves the original incentive behind the first-amendment right to free speech"--
A Theory Of Everyone
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Author : Michael Muthukrishna
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2023-09-28
A Theory Of Everyone written by Michael Muthukrishna and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-28 with Psychology categories.
'Mind expanding - this book will change your view of the world forever' Matthew Syed 'Wonderfully refreshing and thought-provoking' Peter Frankopan 'Original, fascinating, and provocative' Andrew McAfee A blueprint for a better future. Playing on the phrase "a theory of everything" in physics, Michael Muthukrishna offers a unified theory of human behavior, culture, and society - a theory of everyone. Drawing on the most recent research across the sciences, humanities, and the emerging field of cultural evolution, he paints a panoramic picture of who we are and exactly what makes human beings different from all other forms of life on the planet. Muthukrishna argues that it is our unique ability to create culture, a shared body of knowledge, skills, and experience passed on from generation to generation that has enabled our current dominance. But it is only by understanding and applying the laws of life - the need for energy, innovation, cooperation and evolution - that we can solve the practical and existential challenges we face as a species. A Theory of Everyone attempts to provide solutions for how to solve the most pressing problems of our collective future, such as polarization, inequality, the "great stagnation" in productivity, and the energy crisis. Casting a bold and ambitious net, this is a must-read for anyone interested in a better future for ourselves and generations to come.
On Rationality Artificial Intelligence And Economics
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Author : Daniel Muller
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2022-03-09
On Rationality Artificial Intelligence And Economics written by Daniel Muller and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-09 with Computers categories.
The world we live in presents plenty of tricky, impactful, and hard-tomake decisions to be taken. Sometimes the available options are ample, at other times they are apparently binary, either way, they often confront us with dilemmas, paradoxes, and even denial of values.In the dawn of the age of intelligence, when robots are gradually taking over most decision-making from humans, this book sheds a bit of light on decision rationale. It delves into the limits of these decision processes (for both humans and machines), and it does so by providing a new perspective that is somehow opposed to orthodox economics. All Economics reflections in this book are underlined and linked to Artificial Intelligence.The authors hope that this comprehensive and modern analysis, firmly grounded in the opinions of various groundbreaking Nobel laureate economists, may be helpful to a broad audience interested in how decisions may lead us all to flourishing societies. That is, societies in which economic blunders (caused by over simplification of problems and super estimation of tools) are reduced substantially.
Fuzzy Rationality
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Author : Kofi Kissi Dompere
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2009-07-22
Fuzzy Rationality written by Kofi Kissi Dompere and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Philosophy involves a criticism of scientific knowledge, not from a point of view ultimately different from that of science, but from a point of view less concerned with details and more concerned with the h- mony of the body of special sciences. Here as elsewhere, while the older logic shut out possibilities and imprisoned imagination within the walls of the familiar, the newer logic shows rather what may happen, and refuses to decide as to what must happen. Bertrand Russell At any particular stage in the development of humanity knowledge comes up against limits set by the necessarily limited character of the experience available and the existing means of obtaining knowledge. But humanity advances by overcoming such limits. New experience throws down the limits of old experience; new techniques, new means of obtaining knowledge throw down the limits of old techniques and old means of obtaining knowledge. New limits then once again appear. But there is no more reason to suppose these new limits absolute and final than there was to suppose the old ones absolute and final.
The Future Of The Philosophy Of Economics
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Author : Constanze Binder
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-04-19
The Future Of The Philosophy Of Economics written by Constanze Binder and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-19 with Business & Economics categories.
Originating from the International Network for Economic Method conference, hosted by the Erasmus Institute for Economics and Philosophy (EIPE) at the Erasmus University Rotterdam in 2013, this book chooses key themes that reflect on fascinating new developments in the philosophy of economics. Contributions discuss new avenues and debates in important and upcoming areas, such as the philosophy of economic policy making, decision theory, ethics, and new questions in economic methodology. The book offers an excellent insight into cutting edge research in these fields that are about to shape the future of the philosophy of economics. This book was originally published as a special issue of The Journal of Economic Methodology.
Weakness Of Will And Practical Irrationality
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Author : Sarah Stroud
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2003-09-04
Weakness Of Will And Practical Irrationality written by Sarah Stroud and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-04 with Philosophy categories.
Among the many practical failures that threaten us, weakness of will or akrasia is often considered to be a paradigm of irrationality. The eleven new essays in this collection, written by an excellent international team of philosophers, some well-established, some younger scholars, give a rich overview of the current debate over weakness of will and practical irrationality more generally. Issues covered include classical questions such as the distinction between weakness and compulsion, the connection between evaluative judgement and motivation, the role of emotions in akrasia, rational agency, and the existence of the will. The also include new topics, such as group akrasia, strength of will, the nature of correct choice, the structure of decision theory, the temporality of prudential reasons, and emotional rationality. Because these questions cut across philosophy of mind and ethics, the collection will be essential reading for scholars, postgraduates, and upper-level undergraduates in both these fields.