Organoids And Mini Organs
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Organoids And Mini Organs
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Author : Jamie Davies
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2018-03-09
Organoids And Mini Organs written by Jamie Davies and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-09 with Science categories.
Organs and Organoids combines contributions from leading practitioners who work under the editorial control of an acclaimed researcher who also served for eight years as Editor-in-Chief of the journal Organogenesis, the first journal on this topic. The book begins with an introduction, but then delves into chapters that present advice on how to make organoids for many systems. In addition, case studies that illustrate the uses of organioids are presented, along with discussions on future directions and specific problems that need to be solved. Collects the best protocols of organoid cultures from diverse tissues Covers a wide range of organs Includes troubleshooting cases for common, but specific problems for each culture conditions Provides an entire section on the application of organoids
Organoids
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Organoids written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Producing miniature versions of organs in a dish may sound like science-fiction, but thanks to advances in stem cell technology and bioengineering scientists are now able to artificially grow a mass of cells into organoids with similar properties to organs. Organoids represent cells grown in specific three-dimensional (3D) environments, creating mini, simplified organs that retain some physiological function. They are derived from one or a few cells, from a tissue, embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells, which can self-organise in 3D cultures. Following the observation that cells do not behave in 2D cultures as they do in vivo, 3D cultures of organoids have emerged as promising model systems for studying tissue development and generating new therapies. With recent technological breakthroughs, 3D culture models have come to represent a more physiologically relevant approximation of the in vivo environment. Hence, researchers in the fields of the physical sciences and engineering are seeking to improve the 3D culture conditions to grow mini organs in a dish. Organoids are increasing in complexity as researchers begin probing more deeply the mechanisms behind stem cell lineage and differentiation. Models have now been grown for many organs, including brain, liver, kidney, breast, retina, and organs of the gastrointestinal tract, among others. This CORDIS Results Pack presents the first results from EU/ERC-funded research in the organoid field. It sheds light on five projects and their scientific advances in organoid technology and how they can be used as in vivo-like models. The Mini Brains project generated brain organoids to study the mechanisms of various neurological disorders and discover novel drugs to treat them. TOXANOID proved that their technology can outperform current in vitro systems and replace a significant portion of animal-based toxicology studies. The team successfully developed organoid systems for several organs including small intestine, colon and liver. ColonCan developed novel ex vivo 3D organoid cultures that replicate genetic events in colorectal cancer (CRC), the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths, and used them to test novel therapeutics. COMIET created a new cell culture platform for epithelial tissues to advance the in vitro modelling of diseases, preclinical screening for drug efficacy and toxicity, as well as the understanding of organ development. The CLOC project produced liver organoids in vitro using hepatocytes cultured on 3D scaffolds as novel models for studying liver development and disease, and potential treatment of inherited cholestatic disorders.
Tumor Organoids
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Author : Shay Soker
language : en
Publisher: Humana Press
Release Date : 2017-10-20
Tumor Organoids written by Shay Soker and has been published by Humana Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-20 with Medical categories.
Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies.
Stem Cells
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Author : Christine L. Mummery
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-05-23
Stem Cells written by Christine L. Mummery and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-23 with Science categories.
The second edition of Stem Cells: Scientific Facts and Fiction provides the non-stem cell expert with an understandable review of the history, current state of affairs, and facts and fiction of the promises of stem cells. Building on success of its award-winning preceding edition, the second edition features new chapters on embryonic and iPS cells and stem cells in veterinary science and medicine. It contains major revisions on cancer stem cells to include new culture models, additional interviews with leaders in progenitor cells, engineered eye tissue, and xeno organs from stem cells, as well as new information on "organs on chips" and adult progenitor cells. In the past decades our understanding of stem cell biology has increased tremendously. Many types of stem cells have been discovered in tissues that everyone presumed were unable to regenerate in adults, the heart and the brain in particular. There is vast interest in stem cells from biologists and clinicians who see the potential for regenerative medicine and future treatments for chronic diseases like Parkinson's, diabetes, and spinal cord lesions, based on the use of stem cells; and from entrepreneurs in biotechnology who expect new commercial applications ranging from drug discovery to transplantation therapies. Explains in straightforward, non-specialist language the basic biology of stem cells and their applications in modern medicine and future therapy Includes extensive coverage of adult and embryonic stem cells both historically and in contemporary practice Richly illustrated to assist in understanding how research is done and the current hurdles to clinical practice
Organogenesis Of The Kidney
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Author : Lauri Saxen
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1987-04-16
Organogenesis Of The Kidney written by Lauri Saxen and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-04-16 with Medical categories.
Although this description of a model system for cell differentation and organogenesis emphasizes the mammalian kidney, detailed coverage is also given to the development of the transient excretory organs.
Intestinal Stem Cell Niche
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2018-04-24
Intestinal Stem Cell Niche written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-24 with Science categories.
Advances in Stem Cells and Their Niches addresses stem cells during development, homeostasis, and disease/injury of the respective organs, presenting new developments in the field, including new data on disease and clinical applications. Video content illustrates such areas as protocols, transplantation techniques, and work with mice. Explores not only reviews of research, but also shares methods, protocols, and transplantation techniques Contains video content to illustrate such areas as protocols, transplantation techniques, and work with mice Each volume concentrates on one organ, making this a unique publication
Mechanisms Of Morphogenesis
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Author : Jamie A. Davies
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-02-18
Mechanisms Of Morphogenesis written by Jamie A. Davies and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-18 with Science categories.
Morphogenesis is the set of processes that generate shape and form in the embryo--an important area within developmental biology. An exciting and up-to-the-minute account of the very latest research into the factors that create biological form, Mechanisms of Morphogenesis, second edition is a text reference on the mechanisms of cell and tissue morphogenesis in a diverse array of organisms, including prokaryotes, animals, plants and fungi. By combining hard data with computer modeling, Mechanisms of Morphogenesis, second edition equips readers with a much broader understanding of the scope of modern research than is otherwise available. The book focuses on the ways in which the genetic program is translated to generate cell shape, to direct cell migration, and to produce the shape, form and rates of growth of the various tissues. Each topic is illustrated with experimental data from real systems, with particular reference to gaps in current knowledge and pointers to future Includes over 200 four-color figures Offers an integrated view of theoretical developmental biology and computer modelling with laboratory-based discoveries Covers experimental techniques as a guide to the reader Organized around principles and mechanisms, using them to integrate discoveries from a range of organisms and systems
Human Adult Stem Cells
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Author : John Masters
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2009-06-04
Human Adult Stem Cells written by John Masters and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-04 with Medical categories.
The aim of volume 7 of Human Cell Culture is to provide clear and precise methods for growing primary cultures of adult stem cells from various human tissues and describe culture conditions in which these adult stem cells differentiate along their respective lineages. The book will be of value to biomedical scientists and of special interest to stem cell biologists and tissue engineers. Each chapter is written by experts actively involved in growing human adult stem cells.
Human Gastrointestinal Development
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Author : Emanuel Lebenthal
language : en
Publisher: Raven Press (ID)
Release Date : 1989
Human Gastrointestinal Development written by Emanuel Lebenthal and has been published by Raven Press (ID) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Medical categories.
The Role Of Toll Like Receptor 4 In Infectious And Non Infectious Inflammation
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Author : Carlo Rossetti
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-10-30
The Role Of Toll Like Receptor 4 In Infectious And Non Infectious Inflammation written by Carlo Rossetti and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-30 with Science categories.
TLR4 is one of the most important innate immunity receptors, its function mainly consisting in the activation of inflammatory pathways in response to stimulation by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and Damage Associated Molecular Pattern molecules (DAMPs). This volume critically reviews the different types of TLR4 activators and inhibitors, discusses the role of molecular aggregates in agonism/antagonism as well as the pivotal role of the CD14 receptor in the modulation of TLR4 signal and the molecular details and actors of the intracellular cascade. The book presents the role of TLR4 in several pathologies, such as sepsis and septic shock caused by receptor activation by gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in neurodegenerative and neurological diseases such as Parkinson and Alzheimer’s diseases, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). It reviews the role of TLR4 in neural stem cell-mediated neurogenesis and neuroinflammation and in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Cerebral Organoids and discusses the emerging role of micro-RNA (miRNA) regulation by TLR4.