Paleogenomics
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Paleogenomics
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Author : Charlotte Lindqvist
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-01-07
Paleogenomics written by Charlotte Lindqvist and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-07 with Science categories.
Advances in genome-scale DNA sequencing technologies have revolutionized genetic research on ancient organisms, extinct species, and past environments. When it is recoverable after hundreds or thousands of years of unintended preservation, “ancient DNA” (or aDNA) is often highly degraded, necessitating specialized handling and analytical approaches. Paleogenomics defines the field of reconstructing and analyzing the genomes of historic or long-dead organisms, most often through comparison with modern representatives of the same or similar species. The opportunity to isolate and study paleogenomes has radically transformed many fields, spanning biology, anthropology, agriculture, and medicine. Examples include understanding evolutionary relationships of extinct species known only from fossils, the domestication of plants and animals, and the evolution and geographical spread of certain pathogens. This pioneering book presents a snapshot view of the history, current status, and future prospects of paleogenomics, taking a broad viewpoint that covers a range of topics and organisms to provide an up-to-date status of the applications, challenges, and promise of the field. This book is intended for a variety of readerships, including upper-level undergraduate and graduate students, professionals and experts in the field, as well as anyone excited by the extraordinary insights that paleogenomics offers.
Population Genomics
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Author : Om P. Rajora
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-01-07
Population Genomics written by Om P. Rajora and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-07 with Science categories.
Population genomics has revolutionized various disciplines of biology including population, evolutionary, ecological and conservation genetics, plant and animal breeding, human health, medicine and pharmacology by allowing to address novel and long-standing questions with unprecedented power and accuracy. It employs large-scale or genome-wide genetic information and bioinformatics to address various fundamental and applied aspects in biology and related disciplines, and provides a comprehensive genome-wide perspective and new insights that were not possible before. These advances have become possible due to the development of new and low-cost sequencing and genotyping technologies and novel statistical approaches and software, bioinformatics tools, and models. Population genomics is tremendously advancing our understanding the roles of evolutionary processes, such as mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection, in shaping up genetic variation at individual loci and across the genome and populations; improving the assessment of population genetic parameters or processes such as adaptive evolution, effective population size, gene flow, admixture, inbreeding and outbreeding depression, demography, and biogeography; resolving evolutionary histories and phylogenetic relationships of extant, ancient and extinct species; understanding the genomic basis of fitness, adaptation, speciation, complex ecological and economically important traits, and disease and insect resistance; facilitating forensics, genetic medicine and pharmacology; delineating conservation genetic units; and understanding the genetic effects of resource management practices, and assisting conservation and sustainable management of genetic resources. This Population Genomics book discusses the concepts, approaches, applications and promises of population genomics in addressing most of the above fundamental and applied crucial aspects in a variety of organisms from microorganisms to humans. The book provides insights into a range of emerging population genomics topics including population epigenomics, landscape genomics, seascape genomics, paleogenomics, ecological and evolutionary genomics, biogeography, demography, speciation, admixture, colonization and invasion, genomic selection, and plant and animal domestication. This book fills a vacuum in the field and is expected to become a primary reference in Population Genomics world-wide.
Inequality
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Author : Carles Lalueza-Fox
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2023-09-19
Inequality written by Carles Lalueza-Fox and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-19 with Science categories.
How genomics reveals deep histories of inequality, going back many thousands of years. Inequality is an urgent global concern, with pundits, politicians, academics, and best-selling books all taking up its causes and consequences. In Inequality, Carles Lalueza-Fox offers an entirely new perspective on the subject, examining the genetic marks left by inequality on humans throughout history. Lalueza-Fox describes genetic studies, made possible by novel DNA sequencing technologies, that reveal layers of inequality in past societies, manifested in patterns of migration, social structures, and funerary practices. Through their DNA, ancient skeletons have much to tell us, yielding anonymous stories of inequality, bias, and suffering. Lalueza-Fox, a leader in paleogenomics, offers the deep history of inequality. He explores the ancestral shifts associated with migration and describes the gender bias unearthed in these migrations—the brutal sexual asymmetries, for example, between male European explorers and the women of Latin America that are revealed by DNA analysis. He considers social structures, and the evidence that high social standing was inherited—the ancient world was not a meritocracy. He untangles social and genetic factors to consider whether wealth is an advantage in reproduction, showing why we are more likely to be descended from a king than a peasant. And he explores the effects of ancient inequality on the human gene pool. Marshaling a range of evidence, Lalueza-Fox shows that understanding past inequalities is key to understanding present ones.
Ancient Dna
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Author : Beth Alison Shapiro
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-01-01
Ancient Dna written by Beth Alison Shapiro and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with Nature categories.
Ancient DNA presents an overview of the many of the protocols commonly used to study ancient DNA. These include laboratory instructions, extraction protocols, laboratory techniques, and suggestions for appropriate analytical approaches to make sense of the sequences obtained.
Africa The Cradle Of Human Diversity
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-11-22
Africa The Cradle Of Human Diversity written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-22 with History categories.
This book explores important chapters of past and recent African history from a multidisciplinary perspective. It covers an extensive time range from the evolution of early humans to the complex cultural and genetic diversity of modern-day populations in Africa. Through a comprehensive list of chapters, the book focuses on different time-periods, geographic regions and cultural and biological aspects of human diversity across the continent. Each chapter summarises current knowledge with perspectives from a varied set of international researchers from diverse areas of expertise. The book provides a valuable resource for scholars interested in evolutionary history and human diversity in Africa. Contributors are Shaun Aron, Ananyo Choudhury, Bernard Clist, Cesar Fortes-Lima, Rosa Fregel, Jackson S. Kimambo, Faye Lander , Marlize Lombard, Fidelis T. Masao, Ezekia Mtetwa, Gilbert Pwiti, Michèle Ramsay, Thembi Russell, Carina Schlebusch, Dhriti Sengupta, Plan Shenjere-Nyabezi, Mário Vicente.
How To Clone A Mammoth
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Author : Beth Shapiro
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-09-08
How To Clone A Mammoth written by Beth Shapiro and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-08 with Nature categories.
An insider's view on bringing extinct species back to life Could extinct species, like mammoths and passenger pigeons, be brought back to life? In How to Clone a Mammoth, Beth Shapiro, an evolutionary biologist and pioneer in ancient DNA research, addresses this intriguing question by walking readers through the astonishing and controversial process of de-extinction. From deciding which species should be restored to anticipating how revived populations might be overseen in the wild, Shapiro vividly explores the extraordinary cutting-edge science that is being used to resurrect the past. Considering de-extinction's practical benefits and ethical challenges, Shapiro argues that the overarching goal should be the revitalization and stabilization of contemporary ecosystems. Looking at the very real and compelling science behind an idea once seen as science fiction, How to Clone a Mammoth demonstrates how de-extinction will redefine conservation's future.
Who We Are And How We Got Here
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Author : David Reich
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-03-29
Who We Are And How We Got Here written by David Reich and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-29 with Science categories.
The past few years have witnessed a revolution in our ability to obtain DNA from ancient humans. This important new data has added to our knowledge from archaeology and anthropology, helped resolve long-existing controversies, challenged long-held views, and thrown up remarkable surprises. The emerging picture is one of many waves of ancient human migrations, so that all populations living today are mixes of ancient ones, and often carry a genetic component from archaic humans. David Reich, whose team has been at the forefront of these discoveries, explains what genetics is telling us about ourselves and our complex and often surprising ancestry. Gone are old ideas of any kind of racial âpurity.' Instead, we are finding a rich variety of mixtures. Reich describes the cutting-edge findings from the past few years, and also considers the sensitivities involved in tracing ancestry, with science sometimes jostling with politics and tradition. He brings an important wider message: that we should recognize that every one of us is the result of a long history of migration and intermixing of ancient peoples, which we carry as ghosts in our DNA. What will we discover next?
Frontiers In Developmental Biology
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Author : Robert A. Meyers
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2019-04-02
Frontiers In Developmental Biology written by Robert A. Meyers and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-02 with Science categories.
Dieser aktuelle Band aus der renommierten enzyklopädischen Reihe ist der erste in vielen Jahren, der alle wichtigen Aspekte der Entwicklungsbiologie vereint, von der Morphogenese und Organogenese, über die epigenetische Regulation der Genexpression bis hin zur evolutionären Entwicklungsbiologie. Der Herausgeber hat ein herausragendes Team zusammengestellt, das diese Themen beleuchtet, und damit ein wegweisendes Werk für die kommenden Jahre geschaffen. Das Ergebnis ist ein einzigartiges, herausragendes Referenzwerk der Entwicklungsbiologie für Forscher, Studenten und Fachexperten.
Next Generation Genome Sequencing
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Author : Michal Janitz
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-08-24
Next Generation Genome Sequencing written by Michal Janitz and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-24 with Science categories.
Written by leading experts from industry and academia, this first single comprehensive resource addresses recent developments in next generation DNA sequencing technology and their impact on genome research, drug discovery and health care. As such, it presents a detailed comparative analysis of commercially available platforms as well as insights into alternative, emerging sequencing techniques. In addition, the book not only covers the principles of DNA sequencing techniques but also social, ethical and commercial aspects, the concept of personalized medicine and a five-year perspective of DNA sequencing.
Mitochondrial Dna
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Author : Herve Seligmann
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2018-10-31
Mitochondrial Dna written by Herve Seligmann and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-31 with Medical categories.
The very short genomes of mitochondria summarize the complexity of molecular biology and its interactions with cellular and whole organism biology. Studies of mitogenomes contribute to the understanding of molecular biology and evolution, and to health management. Despite or even due to their small sizes, mitogenomes continue to surprise us. Studies of mitogenomes reveal the details of molecular organization and its evolution under constraints for miniaturization.