Pcb Design Guide To Via And Trace Currents And Temperatures
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Pcb Design Guide To Via And Trace Currents And Temperatures
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Author : Douglas Brooks
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2021-02-28
Pcb Design Guide To Via And Trace Currents And Temperatures written by Douglas Brooks and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A very important part of printed circuit board (PCB) design involves sizing traces and vias to carry the required current. This exciting new book will explore how hot traces and vias should be and what board, circuit, design, and environmental parameters are the most important. PCB materials (copper and dielectrics) and the role they play in the heating and cooling of traces are covered. The IPC curves found in IPC 2152, the equations that fit those curves and computer simulations that fit those curves and equations are detailed. Sensitivity analyses that show what happens when environments are varied, including adjacent traces and planes, changing trace lengths, and thermal gradients are presented. Via temperatures and what determines them are explored, along with fusing issues and what happens when traces are overloaded. Voltage drops across traces and vias, the thermal effects going around right-angle corners, and frequency effects are covered. Readers learn how to measure the thermal conductivity of dielectrics and how to measure the resistivity of copper traces and why many prior attempts to do so have been doomed to failure. Industrial CT Scanning, and whether or not they might replace microsections for measuring trace parameters are also considered.
Nonlinear Design Fets And Hemts
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Author : Peter H. Ladbrooke
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2021-11-30
Nonlinear Design Fets And Hemts written by Peter H. Ladbrooke and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Despite its continuing popularity, the so-called standard circuit model of compound semiconductor field-effect transistors (FETs) and high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) is shown to have a limitation for nonlinear analysis and design: it is valid only in the static limit. When the voltages and currents are time-varying, as they must be for these devices to have any practical use, the model progressively fails for higher specification circuits. This book shows how to reform the standard model to render it fully compliant with the way FETs and HEMTs actually function, thus rendering it valid dynamically. Proof-of-principle is demonstrated for several practical circuits, including a frequency doubler and amplifiers with demanding performance criteria. Methods for extracting both the reformulated model and the standard model are described, including a scheme for re-constructing from S-parameters the bias-dependent dynamic (or RF) I(V) characteristics along which devices work in real-world applications, and as needed for the design of nonlinear circuits using harmonic-balance and time-domain simulators. The book includes a historical review of how variations on the standard model theme evolved, leading up to one of the most widely used—the Angelov (or Chalmers) model.
Millimeter Wave Gan Power Amplifier Design
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Author : Edmar Camargo
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2022-05-31
Millimeter Wave Gan Power Amplifier Design written by Edmar Camargo and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book gives you – in one comprehensive and practical resource -- everything you need to successfully design modern and sophisticated power amplifiers at mmWave frequencies. The book provides an in-depth treatment of the design methodology for MMIC power amplifiers, then brings you step by step through the various phases of design, from the selection of technology and preliminary architecture considerations, to the effective design of the matching circuits and conversion of electrical-to-electromagnetic models. Detailed figures and numerous practical applications are included to help you gain valuable insights into these technologies and learn to identify the best path to a successful design. You’ll be guided through a range of new mmWave power applications that show particular promise to support new 5G systems, while mastering the use of GaN technology that continues to dominate the power mmWave applications due to its high power, gain, and efficiency. This is a valuable resource for power amplifier design engineers, technicians, industry R&D staff, and anyone getting into the area of power MMICs who wants to learn how to design at mmWave frequencies.
Radio Frequency Machine Learning A Practical Deep Learning Perspective
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Author : Scott Kuzdeba
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2025-01-31
Radio Frequency Machine Learning A Practical Deep Learning Perspective written by Scott Kuzdeba and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-01-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Radio Frequency Machine Learning: A Practical Deep Learning Perspective goes beyond general introductions to deep learning, offering a focused exploration of how modern deep learning techniques can be applied directly to radio frequency (RF) challenges. It covers a wide range of applications, including classification tasks where deep learning is used to label and categorize signals based on a labeled training dataset, as well as clustering tasks that group similar signals together without labels. Additionally, it expands into deep learning (generative AI) for waveform synthesis and how reinforcement learning can be used within the domain. This book also investigates advanced topics like RF sensor control, feedback mechanisms, and real-time system operations, offering a comprehensive understanding of how deep learning can be integrated into dynamic RF environments. This resource addresses the practical concerns of deploying machine learning in operational RF systems. It goes beyond applications and techniques, covering how to ensure the robustness of solutions, with insights into data sources, augmentation techniques, and strategies for integrating ML with existing RF infrastructure. The full development process is examined, from data collection to deployment, along with numerous case studies throughout. Looking to the future, the book explores emerging trends like edge computing and federated learning, offering a forward-looking perspective on the continued evolution of RF machine learning. Whether the reader is just beginning the journey into RF machine learning or is looking to refine skills, this book provides an essential resource for understanding the intersection of deep learning and RF technology. This is a must-have resource for anyone interested in the cutting edge of wireless technologies and their potential to shape the future of communication.
Microstrip Lines And Slotlines Fourth Edition
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Author : Ramesh Garg
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2024-10-31
Microstrip Lines And Slotlines Fourth Edition written by Ramesh Garg and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Microstrip Lines and Slotlines, Fourth Edition is an indispensable resource for practicing engineers. This edition is updated to reflect the latest developments in the field, providing extensive analysis techniques and CAD design and modeling information. This volume covers approximate and full-wave analysis techniques, accurate circuit model extraction, and design information focusing on miniaturization, broadband operation, and precise design. It also incorporates the most recent information from conferences, journals, books, and personal research. New topics on Metamaterial Based Transmission Lines and Numerical Simulation and Modeling of transmission lines are introduced, aligning with the book's core themes. Some of the key updates included in this fourth edition are the integration of significant materials, significant revisions reflecting the latest research, and the introduction of cutting-edge topics, enhancing the existing content. With these comprehensive updates, Microstrip Lines and Slotlines, Fourth Edition ensures that readers have access to the most relevant and cutting-edge information in the field of printed transmission lines. This book is a must-have for professionals and researchers dedicated to advancing their knowledge and expertise in this dynamic area.
Substrate Integrated Suspended Line Circuits And Systems
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Author : Kaixue Ma
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2024-03-31
Substrate Integrated Suspended Line Circuits And Systems written by Kaixue Ma and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Substrate Integrated Suspended Line Circuits and Systems provides a systematic overview of the new transmission line - the substrate-integrated suspension line (SISL). It details the fundamentals and classical application examples of the SISL. The basic SISL concept and structure, various passive circuits and active circuits, and front-end sub-systems are systematically introduced. Featuring research on topics such as high-performance RF/microwave/mm-wave circuits and system, this book is ideal for researchers, engineers, scientists, scholars, educators, and students. Since transmission line is a fundamental component of microwave and mm-wave circuits, the properties of a transmission line, such as losses, size, and dispersion, are vital to the performance of the whole system. Suspended line has been proved to be an excellent transmission line, as it has attractive features such as low loss, weak dispersion, high power capacity, and low effective dielectric constant. However, Conventional waveguide suspended line circuits require metal housing to form air cavities which is Substrate Integrated Suspended Line Circuits and Systems essential to the operation of suspended lines circuits. Also, the metal shell should provide mechanical support and shielding, which contribute to large size and heavy weight. Meanwhile, precise mechanical fabrication and assembling are strongly required, which brings difficulties to the design and fabrication of conventional suspended line circuits, and the manufacturing cost of suspended line circuits increases correspondingly. In this book, we will introduce a new platform of high-performance transmission line, i.e. substrate integrated suspended line (SISL). SISL keeps all the merits of the suspended line while overcomes the drawbacks of conventional waveguide suspended line circuits. Moreover, it is self-packaged and highly integrated. The basic SISL concept and structure, various passive circuits and active circuits, and front-end sub-systems will be systematically introduced. Featuring research on topics such as high-performance RF/microwave/mm-wave circuits and system, this book is ideally designed for researchers, engineers, scientists, scholars, educators, and students.
Pcb Currents
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Author : Douglas Brooks
language : en
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Release Date : 2013-06-13
Pcb Currents written by Douglas Brooks and has been published by Prentice Hall this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The Plain-English Guide to Electronics and Current Flow for Every PCB Designer Today, PCB designers must deal with issues such as crosstalk and EMI-–issues that were once associated only with components. This requires electronics knowledge that many PCB designers never gain through formal training. In PCB Currents, renowned PCB designer Douglas Brooks teaches these essentials descriptively, in plain English, with as little reliance on mathematics as possible. Building on his widely praised seminars, Brooks explains what current is, how it flows, and how it reacts. He begins by reviewing the nature of current, and then explains current flow in basic circuits, discusses sources that supply and drive current, and addresses the unique problems associated with current on PCBs. Brooks concludes by thoroughly illuminating signal integrity issues caused by current flow. He offers practical design solutions for each common type of problem, as well as for complex challenges involving very high frequency harmonics and very short wavelengths. Coverage includes • Current: its fundamental nature, basic definitions, and key concepts • Five fundamental laws of current, including Kirchoff’s law and Ohm’s law • Basic circuit concepts: resistive circuits, reactive circuits, and impedance • Voltage and current sources: Where electrons come from and why they move • Current-related PCB issues: temperature, transmission lines, reflections, coupled currents, power distribution, skin effect, dielectric losses, and vias • Solutions for signal integrity issues caused by current flow, from on-board inductance and apparent resistance changes to more complex problems The text is written to be accessible and valuable for PCB designers at all levels of experience, whether they have engineering training or not.
Op Amps For Everyone
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Author : Ron Mancini
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2003
Op Amps For Everyone written by Ron Mancini and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Computers categories.
The operational amplifier ("op amp") is the most versatile and widely used type of analog IC, used in audio and voltage amplifiers, signal conditioners, signal converters, oscillators, and analog computing systems. Almost every electronic device uses at least one op amp. This book is Texas Instruments' complete professional-level tutorial and reference to operational amplifier theory and applications. Among the topics covered are basic op amp physics (including reviews of current and voltage division, Thevenin's theorem, and transistor models), idealized op amp operation and configuration, feedback theory and methods, single and dual supply operation, understanding op amp parameters, minimizing noise in op amp circuits, and practical applications such as instrumentation amplifiers, signal conditioning, oscillators, active filters, load and level conversions, and analog computing. There is also extensive coverage of circuit construction techniques, including circuit board design, grounding, input and output isolation, using decoupling capacitors, and frequency characteristics of passive components. The material in this book is applicable to all op amp ICs from all manufacturers, not just TI. Unlike textbook treatments of op amp theory that tend to focus on idealized op amp models and configuration, this title uses idealized models only when necessary to explain op amp theory. The bulk of this book is on real-world op amps and their applications; considerations such as thermal effects, circuit noise, circuit buffering, selection of appropriate op amps for a given application, and unexpected effects in passive components are all discussed in detail. *Published in conjunction with Texas Instruments *A single volume, professional-level guide to op amp theory and applications *Covers circuit board layout techniques for manufacturing op amp circuits.
Pcb Trace And Via Currents And Temperatures
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Author : Douglas Brooks
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2016-03-04
Pcb Trace And Via Currents And Temperatures written by Douglas Brooks and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-04 with categories.
Finally! For the first time, here is a complete, thorough analysis of the relationships between PCB trace (and via) currents and trace temperatures. All in one place! Brooks has been looking at these relationships since the mid '90s. And he has assembled 20-plus years of knowledge into these pages. Starting with a historical background, this book covers: (a) PCB materials (copper and dielectrics) and the role they play in the heating and cooling of traces; (b) The IPC curves found in IPC 2152; (c) Equations that fit those curves; (d) Computer simulations that fit those curves and equations; (e) Sensitivity analyses showing what happens when we vary the environment (adjacent traces and planes, changing trace lengths, thermal gradients, etc.); (f) Via temperatures and what determines them; (g) Via current densities; (h) Fusing issues, what happens when traces are overloaded, and (g) a chapter showing how unevenly traces heat, even at low temperatures. There are supplemental chapters or appendices on measuring the thermal conductivity of dielectrics and measuring the resistivity of copper traces (and why many prior attempts have been doomed to failure.) And there is even a chapter on whether Industrial CT Scanning might replace microsections for measuring trace parameters. Never before has such a thorough compendium been available, especially so conveniently.
Pll Performance Simulation And Design
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Author : Dean Banerjee
language : en
Publisher: Dog Ear Publishing
Release Date : 2006-08
Pll Performance Simulation And Design written by Dean Banerjee and has been published by Dog Ear Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is intended for the reader who wishes to gain a solid understanding of Phase Locked Loop architectures and their applications. It provides a unique balance between both theoretical perspectives and practical design trade-offs. Engineers faced with real world design problems will find this book to be a valuable reference providing example implementations, the underlying equations that describe synthesizer behavior, and measured results that will improve confidence that the equations are a reliable predictor of system behavior. New material in the Fourth Edition includes partially integrated loop filter implementations, voltage controlled oscillators, and modulation using the PLL.