Penser Avec Fleck
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Penser Avec Fleck
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Author : Johannes Fehr
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Penser Avec Fleck written by Johannes Fehr and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Jewish scientists categories.
The Fantastic Laboratory Of Dr Weigl How Two Brave Scientists Battled Typhus And Sabotaged The Nazis
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Author : Arthur Allen
language : en
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Release Date : 2014-07-21
The Fantastic Laboratory Of Dr Weigl How Two Brave Scientists Battled Typhus And Sabotaged The Nazis written by Arthur Allen and has been published by W. W. Norton & Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-21 with History categories.
“Thought-provoking…[Allen] writes without sanctimony and never simplifies the people in his book or the moral issues his story inevitably raises." —Wall Street Journal Few diseases are more gruesome than typhus. Transmitted by body lice, it afflicts the dispossessed—refugees, soldiers, and ghettoized peoples—causing hallucinations, terrible headaches, boiling fever, and often death. The disease plagued the German army on the Eastern Front and left the Reich desperate for a vaccine. For this they turned to the brilliant and eccentric Polish zoologist Rudolf Weigl. In the 1920s, Weigl had created the first typhus vaccine using a method as bold as it was dangerous for its use of living human subjects. The astonishing success of Weigl’s techniques attracted the attention and admiration of the world—giving him cover during the Nazi’s violent occupation of Lviv. His lab soon flourished as a hotbed of resistance. Weigl hired otherwise doomed mathematicians, writers, doctors, and other thinkers, protecting them from atrocity. The team engaged in a sabotage campaign by sending illegal doses of the vaccine into the Polish ghettos while shipping gallons of the weakened serum to the Wehrmacht. Among the scientists saved by Weigl, who was a Christian, was a gifted Jewish immunologist named Ludwik Fleck. Condemned to Buchenwald and pressured to re-create the typhus vaccine under the direction of a sadistic Nazi doctor, Erwin Ding-Schuler, Fleck had to make an awful choice between his scientific ideals or the truth of his conscience. In risking his life to carry out a dramatic subterfuge to vaccinate the camp’s most endangered prisoners, Fleck performed an act of great heroism. Drawing on extensive research and interviews with survivors, Arthur Allen tells the harrowing story of two brave scientists—a Christian and a Jew— who put their expertise to the best possible use, at the highest personal danger.
Ludwik Fleck E O C Rculo De Viena Hist Ria Ci Ncia E Linguagem
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Author : Fernanda Schiavo Nogueira
language : pt-BR
Publisher: Editora Appris
Release Date : 2022-02-07
Ludwik Fleck E O C Rculo De Viena Hist Ria Ci Ncia E Linguagem written by Fernanda Schiavo Nogueira and has been published by Editora Appris this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-07 with Social Science categories.
O livro Ludwik Fleck e o Círculo de Viena: história, ciência e linguagem pretende somar esforços a outras iniciativas atuais voltadas para a (re)descoberta das contribuições pioneiras dadas pela teoria da ciência do médico e microbiologista polonês Ludwik Fleck, cujas publicações em Epistemologia foram condenadas a mais de três décadas de ostracismo. Para tanto, o livro concentra suas atenções sobre uma questão de fundamental importância no processo de elaboração das ideias originais de Fleck: a contraposição do pensador polonês tanto ao Círculo de Viena quanto a um dos membros mais proeminentes do movimento intelectual, o filósofo e lógico alemão Rudolf Carnap. Mais especificamente, a obra propõe uma abordagem inovadora ao identificar os pontos de discordância entre Fleck e a orientação neopositivista como zonas de acesso privilegiadas a discussões caras ao autor trabalhado acerca de temas pertinentes à produção do conhecimento nas ciências, com especial destaque para o papel da linguagem como instrumento de mediação das interações cientista-mundo, assunto ainda muito negligenciado pela bibliografia especializada. Fleck consegue avançar por onde as teorias da ciência tradicionais vigentes encontram graves limitações. Muitas dificuldades não foram sanadas satisfatoriamente por pesquisadores consagrados no mundo acadêmico contemporâneo (como Thomas Kuhn, Bruno Latour e David Bloor) e são superadas com eficiência pelos pontos de vista sustentados pelo pensador polonês. Portanto, o livro procura evidenciar como Fleck soluciona, com grande agilidade, antigos desafios enfrentados por interpretações destinadas a analisar a produção do conhecimento nas ciências. Dito de outra maneira, a obra avalia quais os mecanismos acionados por Fleck e com qual grau de competência o autor trabalhado equaciona aporias consideradas herdadas das tradições remanescentes dos mais de 30 anos sob a influência hegemônica da orientação neopositivista, em especial da divisão de Reichenbach, a principal consolidadora da distinção entre o contexto de descoberta e o contexto de justificativa.
Handbook For The Historiography Of Science
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Author : Mauro L. Condé
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-11-01
Handbook For The Historiography Of Science written by Mauro L. Condé and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-01 with History categories.
This book aims to perform a critical and broad assessment of the historiography of science produced from the late nineteenth century to the early twenty-first century. It presents its main authors, concepts, ideas, conceptions, and schools. It also analyzes the historical circumstances of the rise of the discipline history of science and the relations of the historiography of science with related areas. These chapters do not understand the historiography of science as a mere description or record of the history of science. Instead, they understand the historiography of science from the epistemological criteria and choices that guided the writing of the history of science in its different contexts. In other words, more than describing the record of the various possibilities of historiographical approaches to science, the chapters carry out an epistemological reflection to assess the bases, possibilities, scope, and limits of different historiographical conceptions, authors, and traditions that have established the writing of the history of science. This book can be conceived as a reference work not only for professional historians and philosophers but also for academics from different backgrounds who are initiating themselves in the universe of history and philosophy of science, be they scientists from different fields or young researchers from different backgrounds who want to start studying the history and philosophy of science.
Victims And Survivors Of Nazi Human Experiments
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Author : Paul Weindling
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2014-12-18
Victims And Survivors Of Nazi Human Experiments written by Paul Weindling and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-18 with Medical categories.
While the coerced human experiments are notorious among all the atrocities under National Socialism, they have been marginalised by mainstream historians. This book seeks to remedy the marginalisation, and to place the experiments in the context of the broad history of National Socialism and the Holocaust. Paul Weindling bases this study on the reconstruction of a victim group through individual victims' life histories, and by weaving the victims' experiences collectively together in terms of different groupings, especially gender, ethnicity and religion, age, and nationality. The timing of the experiments, where they occurred, how many victims there were, and who they were, is analysed, as are hitherto under-researched aspects such as Nazi anatomy and executions. The experiments are also linked, more broadly, to major elements in the dynamic and fluid Nazi power structure and the implementation of racial policies. The approach is informed by social history from below, exploring both the rationales and motives of perpetrators, but assessing these critically in the light of victim narratives.
War Wounds
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Author : Elizabeth Stewart
language : en
Publisher: Exisle Publishing
Release Date : 2011-02
War Wounds written by Elizabeth Stewart and has been published by Exisle Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02 with History categories.
The history of warfare and the history of medicine are closely intertwined. War has been an accelerator of advances in medical treatment and surgery. As modern weaponry became more destructive, medicine developed techniques and procedures to deal with the volume and nature of battlefield casualties. Preventative medicine has also increased the effectiveness of fighting forces through improvements in soldiers' health and disease resistance.This book is a collection of chapters by historians, medical practitioners and researchers, former and serving military medical officers, surgeons, nurses and veterans, who explore the impact of war, wounds and trauma through the historical record, reported narratives and personal experiences. The book includes major sections on World War One (including chapters on shell shock and plastic surgery), World War Two (including a chapter on the Nazi death camps), the Vietnam War (including chapters on Agent Orange and sexually transmitted diseases), together with chapters on the Korean War and the current conflict in Afghanistan. In addition, the book includes several personal stories in which veterans describe their experiences of injury and recovery. War Wounds is a truly unique book, which offers considerable insights into an aspect of war that is often mentioned but seldom examined as it is here. Medical professionals, military personnel and the general public will all find it a remarkably revealing read.
Toxicants Health And Regulation Since 1945
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Author : Nathalie Jas
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-10-06
Toxicants Health And Regulation Since 1945 written by Nathalie Jas and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-06 with History categories.
The number of substances potentially dangerous to our health and environment is constantly increasing. The papers in this volume examine the concurrent rise of pollutants and the regulations designed to police their use.
Syphilis In Victorian Literature And Culture
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Author : Monika Pietrzak-Franger
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-06-08
Syphilis In Victorian Literature And Culture written by Monika Pietrzak-Franger and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-08 with Literary Criticism categories.
This book addresses the evident but unexplored intertwining of visibility and invisibility in the discourses around syphilis. A rethinking of the disease with reference to its ambiguous status, and the ways of seeing that it generated, helps reconsider the network of socio-cultural and political interrelations which were negotiated through syphilis, thereby also raising larger questions about its function in the construction of individual, national and imperial identities. This book is the first large-scale interdisciplinary study of syphilis in late Victorian Britain whose significance lies in its unprecedented attention to the multimedia and multi-discursive evocations of syphilis. An examination of the heterogeneous sources that it offers, many of which have up to this point escaped critical attention, makes it possible to reveal the complex and poly-ideological reasons for the activation of syphilis imagery and its symbolic function in late Victorian culture.
Nuclear Forces
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Author : Silvan S. Schweber
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2012-06-18
Nuclear Forces written by Silvan S. Schweber and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-18 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
On the fiftieth anniversary of Hiroshima, Nobel-winning physicist Hans Bethe called on his fellow scientists to stop working on weapons of mass destruction. What drove Bethe, the head of Theoretical Physics at Los Alamos during the Manhattan Project, to renounce the weaponry he had once worked so tirelessly to create? That is one of the questions answered by Nuclear Forces, a riveting biography of Bethe’s early life and development as both a scientist and a man of principle. As Silvan Schweber follows Bethe from his childhood in Germany, to laboratories in Italy and England, and on to Cornell University, he shows how these differing environments were reflected in the kind of physics Bethe produced. Many of the young quantum physicists in the 1930s, including Bethe, had Jewish roots, and Schweber considers how Liberal Judaism in Germany helps explain their remarkable contributions. A portrait emerges of a man whose strategy for staying on top of a deeply hierarchical field was to tackle only those problems he knew he could solve. Bethe’s emotional maturation was shaped by his father and by two women of Jewish background: his overly possessive mother and his wife, who would later serve as an ethical touchstone during the turbulent years he spent designing nuclear bombs. Situating Bethe in the context of the various communities where he worked, Schweber provides a full picture of prewar developments in physics that changed the modern world, and of a scientist shaped by the unprecedented moral dilemmas those developments in turn created.
Reassessing The Nuremberg Military Tribunals
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Author : Kim Christian Priemel
language : en
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Release Date : 2012
Reassessing The Nuremberg Military Tribunals written by Kim Christian Priemel and has been published by Berghahn Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with History categories.
For decades the history of the US Military Tribunals at Nuremberg (NMT) has been eclipsed by the first Nuremberg trial-the International Military Tribunal or IMT. The dominant interpretation-neatly summarized in the ubiquitous formula of "Subsequent Trials"-ignores the unique historical and legal character of the NMT trials, which differed significantly from that of their predecessor. The NMT trials marked a decisive shift both in terms of analysis of the Third Reich and conceptualization of international criminal law. This volume is the first comprehensive examination of the NMT and brings together diverse perspectives from the fields of law, history, and political science, exploring the genesis, impact, and legacy of the twelve Military Tribunals held at Nuremberg between 1946 and 1949. Kim C. Priemel is Assistant Professor of History at Humboldt University Berlin, Germany. Alexa Stiller is Research Associate at the Department of Modern History and Contemporary History, University of Berne, Switzerland.