Perceiving Crime As Alternative
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Perceiving Crime As Alternative
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Author : Benjamin Van Damme
language : en
Publisher: Maklu
Release Date : 2016-01-04
Perceiving Crime As Alternative written by Benjamin Van Damme and has been published by Maklu this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-04 with Criminology categories.
In the past 200 years, many explanations have been given for rule-breaking behavior. A classic idea, that was developed during the Enlightenment, was that crime should be understood as the outcome of a rational choice process. While much criticism exists with regard to rational choice theories, the fact remains that humans deliberate when committing acts. This process of deliberation deserves attention in etiological research, despite the fact that some of the assumptions of rational choice theories do not hold. This is exactly what this book is all about. This book is the result of an innovative attempt to study criminal decision-making using a less studied method in criminological inquiries, namely randomized scenario studies. A randomized scenario study combines the principles of survey research with ideas that are central in experimental design. This book is an elaboration of a dissertation written by Benjamin Van Damme, who personally developed an internet application for randomized scenario studies that can be used to test ideas developed in theories of crime causation. This dissertation is part of a larger research initiative of Lieven Pauwels, who supervised Benjamin Van Damme’s master dissertation, namely a study on the empirical status of situational action theory. Benjamin Van Damme and Lieven Pauwels empirically demonstrate that criminal decisionmaking can be seen as a perception-choice process, i.e. the result of person-environment interactions. Environmental characteristics trigger criminal decision-making, but only in individuals that see crime as an alternative. The theoretical and methodological consequences for criminological inquiries are discussed.
The Explanation Of Crime
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Author : Per-Olof H. Wikström
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-11-30
The Explanation Of Crime written by Per-Olof H. Wikström and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-30 with Social Science categories.
Integration of disciplines, theories and research orientations has assumed a central role in criminological discourse yet it remains difficult to identify any concrete discoveries or significant breakthroughs for which integration has been responsible. Concentrating on three key concepts: context, mechanisms, and development, this volume aims to advance integrated scientific knowledge on crime causation by bringing together different scholarly approaches. Through an analysis of the roles of behavioural contexts and individual differences in crime causation, The Explanation of Crime seeks to provide a unified and focused approach to the integration of knowledge. Chapter topics range from individual genetics to family environments and from ecological behaviour settings to the macro-level context of communities and social systems. This is a comprehensive treatment of the problem of crime causation that will appeal to graduate students and researchers in criminology and be of great interest to policy-makers and practitioners in crime policy and prevention.
The Ashgate Research Companion To Biosocial Theories Of Crime
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Author : Anthony Walsh
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-01
The Ashgate Research Companion To Biosocial Theories Of Crime written by Anthony Walsh and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-01 with Social Science categories.
In response to exciting developments in genetics, neuroscience and evolutionary psychology, a number of criminologists have embraced the position that criminal behaviour is the product of biological, psychological, and sociological factors operating together in complex ways. They have come to realize that if they are to capture the dynamic nature of criminal behaviour then they must span multiple levels of analysis and thus multiple disciplines. The explosion of interest in this field of biosocial criminology over the past ten years means that the time is ripe for this research companion aimed at graduate students and scholars, giving them an essential overview of the current state of research in the field. The authors are experts in a variety of disciplines (sociology, psychology, biology, criminal justice, and neuroscience), but they all have in common a strong interest in criminal behaviour. This unique book is essential and accessible reading for all students and scholars in the field.
Analytical Sociology
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Author : Gianluca Manzo
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-03-04
Analytical Sociology written by Gianluca Manzo and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-04 with Social Science categories.
Demonstrates the power of the theoretical framework ofanalytical sociology in explaining a large array of social phenomena Analytical Sociology: Actions and Networks presents themost advanced theoretical discussion of analytical sociology, alongwith a unique set of examples on mechanism- based sociology. Leading scholars apply the theoretical principlesof analytical sociology to understand how puzzling social and historical phenomenaincluding crime, lynching, witch-hunts, tax behaviours, Web-based social movement andcommunication, restaurant reputation, job search and careers, social networkhomophily and instability, cooperation and trust are brought aboutby complex, multi-layered social mechanisms. The analysespresented in this book rely on a wide range of methods whichinclude qualitative observations, advanced statistical techniques,complex network tools, refined simulation methods and creativeexperimental protocols. This book ultimately demonstrates that sociology, like any otherscience, is at its best when it dissects the mechanisms at work by means of rigorous modelbuilding andtesting. Analytical Sociology: • Provides the most complete and up-to-date theoreticaltreatment of analytical sociology. • Looks at a wide range of complex social phenomenawithin a single and unitary theoretical framework. • Explores a variety of advanced methods to build andtest theoretical models. • Examines how both computational modelling andexperiments can be used to study the complex relation between norms, networks and socialactions. • Brings together research from leading global expertsin the field in order to present a unique set of examples on mechanism-basedsociology. Advanced graduate students and researchers working in sociology,methodology of social sciences, statistics, social networksanalysis and computer simulation will benefit from this book.
The Routledge International Handbook Of Life Course Criminology
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Author : Arjan Blokland
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-03-16
The Routledge International Handbook Of Life Course Criminology written by Arjan Blokland and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-16 with Social Science categories.
Since its introduction in the latter half of the 1980s, the meticulous study of distinct criminal career dimensions, like onset, frequency, and crime mix, has yielded a wealth of information on the way crime develops over the life-span. Policymakers in turn have used this information in their efforts to tailor criminal justice interventions to be both effective and efficient. Life-course criminology studies the ways in which the criminal career is embedded in the totality of the individual life-course and seeks to clarify the causal mechanisms governing this process. The Routledge International Handbook of Life-Course Criminology provides an authoritative collection of international theoretical and empirical research into the way that criminal behavior develops over the life-span, which causal mechanisms are involved in shaping this development, and to what degree criminal justice interventions are successful in redirecting offenders’ criminal trajectories. Drawing upon qualitative and quantitative research this handbook covers theory, describes and compares criminal career patterns across different countries, tests current explanations of criminal development, and using cutting-edge methods, assesses the intended and unintended effects of formal interventions. This book is the first of its kind to offer a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art developments in criminal career and life-course research, providing unique perspectives and exclusive local knowledge from over 50 international scholars. This book is an ideal companion for teachers and researchers engaged in the field of developmental and life-course criminology.
Breaking Rules The Social And Situational Dynamics Of Young People S Urban Crime
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Author : Per-Olof H. Wikström
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Studies in Criminolo
Release Date : 2012-05-24
Breaking Rules The Social And Situational Dynamics Of Young People S Urban Crime written by Per-Olof H. Wikström and has been published by Clarendon Studies in Criminolo this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-24 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book examines the findings, theoretical basis, and new methodology of The Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Development Study (PADS+). This major longitudinal study investigates the role of the social environment on crime causation, involving a cohort of 700 young people from the age of 12.
The Development Of Persistent Criminality
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Author : Joanne Savage
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2009-02-03
The Development Of Persistent Criminality written by Joanne Savage and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-03 with Psychology categories.
The Development of Persistent Criminality addresses one of the most pressing problems of modern criminology: Why do some individuals become chronic, persistent offenders? Because chronic offenders are responsible for the majority of serious crimes committed, understanding which individuals will become chronic offenders is an important step in helping us develop interventions. This volume bridges the gap between the criminological literature, which has recently focused on the existence of various criminal trajectories, and the developmental psychology literature, which has focused on risk factors for conduct problems and delinquency. In it, chapters by some of the most widely published authors in this area unite to contribute to a knowledge base which will be the next major milestone in the field of criminology. The authors of this volume represent a unique gathering of international, interdisciplinary social problem so that we can prevent the enormous human and economic costs associated with serious crimes, these authors share their insights and findings on topics such as families and parenting, poverty, stressful life events, social support, biology and genetics, early onset, foster care, educational programs for juvenile offenders, deterrence, and chronic offending among females. Significant attention is paid throughout to longitudinal studies of offending. Several authors also share new theoretical approaches to understanding persistence and chronicity in offending, including an expansion of the conceptualization of the etiology of self-control, a discussion of offender resistance to social control, a dynamic developmental systems approach to understanding offending in young adulthood, and the application of Wikström's situational action theory to persistent offending.
Affect And Cognition In Criminal Decision Making
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Author : Jean-Louis van Gelder
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-11-26
Affect And Cognition In Criminal Decision Making written by Jean-Louis van Gelder and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-26 with Psychology categories.
Research and theorizing on criminal decision making has not kept pace with recent developments in other fields of human decision making. Whereas criminal decision making theory is still largely dominated by cognitive approaches such as rational choice-based models, psychologists, behavioral economists and neuroscientists have found affect (i.e., emotions, moods) and visceral factors such as sexual arousal and drug craving, to play a fundamental role in human decision processes. This book examines alternative approaches to incorporating affect into criminal decision making and testing its influence on such decisions. In so doing it generalizes extant cognitive theories of criminal decision making by incorporating affect into the decision process. In two conceptual and ten empirical chapters it is carefully argued how affect influences criminal decisions alongside rational and cognitive considerations. The empirical studies use a wide variety of methods ranging from interviews and observations to experimental approaches and questionnaires, and treat crimes as diverse as street robbery, pilfering, and sex offences. It will be of interest to criminologists, social psychologists, judgment and decision making researchers, behavioral economists and sociologists alike.
Developmental And Life Course Criminological Theories
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Author : Paul Mazerolle
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-05
Developmental And Life Course Criminological Theories written by Paul Mazerolle and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-05 with History categories.
The developmental and life-course perspective in criminology came to prominence during the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s a number of theories were developed to explain offending behavior over the life-course. This volume brings together theoretical statements, empirical tests and debates of these major theories within the developmental and life-course criminology perspective. In the first section of the book, original theoretical statements are provided and this is followed by a section which includes empirical tests of each of these theories conducted by researchers other than the original theorists. The final section of the book provides a summary of the major debates both within the developmental and life-course perspective and also between this perspective and others within criminology. This comprehensive volume provides an informative overview of the developmental and life-course perspective in criminology.
Integrated Developmental And Life Course Theories Of Offending
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Author : David P. Farrington
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-05
Integrated Developmental And Life Course Theories Of Offending written by David P. Farrington and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-05 with Social Science categories.
Developmental and life-course criminology aims to provide information about how offending and antisocial behavior develops, about risk and protective factors at different ages, and about the effects of life events on the course of development. This volume advances knowledge about these theories of offender behavior, many of which have been formulated only in the last twenty years. It also integrates knowledge about individual, family, peer, school, neighborhood, community, and situational influences on offender behavior, and combines key elements of earlier theories such as strain, social learning, differential association, and control theory.Contributors Benjamin B. Lahey and Irwin D. Waldman focus on antisocial propensity and the importance of biological and individual factors. Alex R. Piquero and Terrie E. Moffitt distinguish between life-course-persistent and adolescent-limited offenders. David P. Farrington presents the Integrated Cognitive Antisocial Potential (ICAP) theory, which distinguishes between long-term and short-term influences on antisocial potential. Richard F. Catalano, J. David Hawkins, and their colleagues test the Social Development Model (SDM).Marc Le Blanc proposes an integrated multi-layered control theory, in which criminal behavior depends on bonding to society, psychological development, modeling, and constraints. Robert J. Sampson and John H. Laub hypothesize that offending is inhibited by the strength of bonding to family, peers, schools, and later adult social institutions such as marriage and jobs. Terence P. Thornberry and Marvin D. Krohn propose an interactional theory, of antisocial behavior. Per-Olof H. Witkstrom's developmental ecological action theory emphasizes the importance of situational factors: opportunities cause temptation, friction produces provocation, and monitoring and the risk of sanctions have deterrent effects.