Phase Transitions
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The Physics Of Phase Transitions
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Author : Pierre Papon
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
The Physics Of Phase Transitions written by Pierre Papon and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
We learned in school that matter exists in three forms: solid, liquid and gas, as well as other more subtle things such as the fact that "evaporation produces cold. " The science of the states of matter was born in the 19th century. It has now grown enormously in two directions: 1) The transitions have multiplied: first between a solid and a solid, par ticularly for metallurgists. Then for magnetism, illustrated in France by Louis Neel, and ferro electricity. In addition, the extraordinary phenomenon of su perconductivity in certain metals appeared at the beginning of the 20th cen tury. And other superfluids were recognized later: helium 4, helium 3, the matter constituting atomic nuclei and neutron stars . . . There is now a real zoology of transitions, but we know how to classify them based on Landau's superb idea. 2) Our profound view of the mechanisms has evolved: in particular, the very universal properties of fluctuations near a critical point - described by Kadanoff's qualitative analysis and specified by an extraordinary theoretical tool: the renormalization group. Without exaggerating, we can say that our view of condensed matter has undergone two revolutions in the 20th century: first, the introduction of quantum physics in 1930, then the recognition of "self-similar" structures and the resulting scaling laws around 1970. .
Quantum Phase Transitions
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Author : Subir Sachdev
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-04-07
Quantum Phase Transitions written by Subir Sachdev and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-07 with Science categories.
Describing the physical properties of quantum materials near critical points with long-range many-body quantum entanglement, this book introduces readers to the basic theory of quantum phases, their phase transitions and their observable properties. This second edition begins with a new section suitable for an introductory course on quantum phase transitions, assuming no prior knowledge of quantum field theory. It also contains several new chapters to cover important recent advances, such as the Fermi gas near unitarity, Dirac fermions, Fermi liquids and their phase transitions, quantum magnetism, and solvable models obtained from string theory. After introducing the basic theory, it moves on to a detailed description of the canonical quantum-critical phase diagram at non-zero temperatures. Finally, a variety of more complex models are explored. This book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics and particle and string theory.
Phase Transitions In Materials
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Author : Brent Fultz
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-08-14
Phase Transitions In Materials written by Brent Fultz and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-14 with Science categories.
A clear, concise and rigorous textbook covering phase transitions in the context of advances in electronic structure and statistical mechanics.
The Physics Of Structural Phase Transitions
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Author : Minoru Fujimoto
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-09
The Physics Of Structural Phase Transitions written by Minoru Fujimoto and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-09 with Science categories.
Phase transitions in which crystalline solids undergo structural changes present an interesting problem in the interplay between the crystal structure and the ordering process. This text, intended for readers with some prior knowledge of condensed-matter physics, emphasizes the basic physics behind such spontaneous structural changes in crystals. Starting with the relevant thermodynamic principles, the book discusses the nature of order variables and their collective motion in a crystal lattice; in a structural phase transition a singularity in such a collective mode is responsible for the lattice instability, as revealed by soft phonons. This mechanism is analogous to the interplay of a charge-density wave and a periodically deformed lattice in low- dimensional conductors. The text also describes experimental methods for modulated crystal structures and gives examples of structural changes in representative systems. The book is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical, part includes such topics as: the Landau theory of phase transitions; statistics, correlations and the mean-field approximation; pseudospins and their collective modes; soft lattice modes and pseudospin condensates; lattice imperfections and their role in the phase transitions of real crystals. The second part discusses experimental studies of modulated crystals using x-ray diffraction, neutron inelastic scattering, light scattering, dielectric measurements, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. While the presence of modulated structures in the critical region was not particularly suggested in the published.
New Kinds Of Phase Transitions Transformation In Disordered Substances
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Author : V.V. Brazhkin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-08-31
New Kinds Of Phase Transitions Transformation In Disordered Substances written by V.V. Brazhkin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-08-31 with Medical categories.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, held in Volga River, Russia, 24-28 May 2001
Hysteresis And Phase Transitions
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Author : Martin Brokate
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Hysteresis And Phase Transitions written by Martin Brokate and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Mathematics categories.
Hysteresis is an exciting and mathematically challenging phenomenon that oc curs in rather different situations: jt, can be a byproduct offundamental physical mechanisms (such as phase transitions) or the consequence of a degradation or imperfection (like the play in a mechanical system), or it is built deliberately into a system in order to monitor its behaviour, as in the case of the heat control via thermostats. The delicate interplay between memory effects and the occurrence of hys teresis loops has the effect that hysteresis is a genuinely nonlinear phenomenon which is usually non-smooth and thus not easy to treat mathematically. Hence it was only in the early seventies that the group of Russian scientists around M. A. Krasnoselskii initiated a systematic mathematical investigation of the phenomenon of hysteresis which culminated in the fundamental monograph Krasnoselskii-Pokrovskii (1983). In the meantime, many mathematicians have contributed to the mathematical theory, and the important monographs of 1. Mayergoyz (1991) and A. Visintin (1994a) have appeared. We came into contact with the notion of hysteresis around the year 1980.
Kinetics Of Phase Transitions
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Author : Sanjay Puri
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2009-03-24
Kinetics Of Phase Transitions written by Sanjay Puri and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-24 with Science categories.
Providing a comprehensive introduction with the necessary background material to make it accessible for a wide scientific audience, Kinetics of Phase Transitions discusses developments in domain-growth kinetics. This book combines pedagogical chapters from leading experts in this area and focuses on incorporating various experimentally releva
Phase Transitions
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Author : Ricard V. Solé
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2011-08-14
Phase Transitions written by Ricard V. Solé and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-14 with Mathematics categories.
Phase transitions--changes between different states of organization in a complex system--have long helped to explain physics concepts, such as why water freezes into a solid or boils to become a gas. How might phase transitions shed light on important problems in biological and ecological complex systems? Exploring the origins and implications of sudden changes in nature and society, Phase Transitions examines different dynamical behaviors in a broad range of complex systems. Using a compelling set of examples, from gene networks and ant colonies to human language and the degradation of diverse ecosystems, the book illustrates the power of simple models to reveal how phase transitions occur. Introductory chapters provide the critical concepts and the simplest mathematical techniques required to study phase transitions. In a series of example-driven chapters, Ricard Solé shows how such concepts and techniques can be applied to the analysis and prediction of complex system behavior, including the origins of life, viral replication, epidemics, language evolution, and the emergence and breakdown of societies. Written at an undergraduate mathematical level, this book provides the essential theoretical tools and foundations required to develop basic models to explain collective phase transitions for a wide variety of ecosystems.
Evolution Of Phase Transitions
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Author : Rohan Abeyaratne
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-05-08
Evolution Of Phase Transitions written by Rohan Abeyaratne and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-08 with Science categories.
This 2006 work began with the author's exploration of the applicability of the finite deformation theory of elasticity when various standard assumptions such as convexity of various energies or ellipticity of the field equations of equilibrium are relinquished. The finite deformation theory of elasticity turns out to be a natural vehicle for the study of phase transitions in solids where thermal effects can be neglected. This text will be of interest to those interested in the development and application of continuum-mechanical models that describe the macroscopic response of materials capable of undergoing stress- or temperature-induced transitions between two solid phases. The focus is on the evolution of phase transitions which may be either dynamic or quasi-static, controlled by a kinetic relation which in the framework of classical thermomechanics represents information that is supplementary to the usual balance principles and constitutive laws of conventional theory.
Phase Transitions In Polymers The Role Of Metastable States
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Author : Stephen Z.D. Cheng
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2008-09-10
Phase Transitions In Polymers The Role Of Metastable States written by Stephen Z.D. Cheng and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-10 with Science categories.
A classical metastable state possesses a local free energy minimum at infinite sizes, but not a global one. This concept is phase size independent. We have studied a number of experimental results and proposed a new concept that there exists a wide range of metastable states in polymers on different length scales where their metastability is critically determined by the phase size and dimensionality. Metastable states are also observed in phase transformations that are kinetically impeded on the pathway to thermodynamic equilibrium. This was illustrated in structural and morphological investigations of crystallization and mesophase transitions, liquid-liquid phase separation, vitrification and gel formation, as well as combinations of these transformation processes. The phase behaviours in polymers are thus dominated by interlinks of metastable states on different length scales. This concept successfully explains many experimental observations and provides a new way to connect different aspects of polymer physics.* Written by a leading scholar and industry expert* Presents new and cutting edge material encouraging innovation and future research* Connects hot topics and leading research in one concise volume