Philosophical Medical And Legal Controversies About Brain Death
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Philosophical Medical And Legal Controversies About Brain Death
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Author : L. Syd M Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2024-03-21
Philosophical Medical And Legal Controversies About Brain Death written by L. Syd M Johnson and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-21 with Psychology categories.
This Element considers current legal, ethical, metaphysical, and medical controversies concerning brain death. It examines the implicit metaphysical and moral commitments and dualism implied by neurological criteria for death. When these commitments and worldview are not shared by patients and surrogates, they give rise to distrust in healthcare providers and systems, and to injustice, particularly when medicolegal definitions of death are coercively imposed on those who reject them. Ethical obligations to respect persons and patient autonomy, promote patient-centered care, foster and maintain trust, and respond to the demands of justice provide compelling ethical reasons for recognizing reasonable objections. Each section illustrates how seemingly academic debates about brain death have real, on-the-ground implications for patients and their families.
The Definition Of Death
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Author : Stuart J. Youngner
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2002-10-15
The Definition Of Death written by Stuart J. Youngner and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-10-15 with Medical categories.
In the 1980s, following the recommendation of a presidential commission, all fifty states replaced previous cardiopulmonary definitions of death with one that also included total and irreversible cessation of brain function. The Definition of Death: Contemporary Controversies is the first comprehensive review of the clinical, philosophical, and public policy implications of our effort to redefine the change in status from living person to corpse. Edited by Stuart J. Youngner, Robert M. Arnold, and Renie Schapiro, the book is the result of a collaboration among internationally recognized scholars from the fields of medicine, philosophy, social science, law, and religious studies. Throughout, the contributors struggle to reconcile inconsistencies and gaps in our traditional understanding of death and to respond to the public's concern that, in the determination of death under current policies, patients' interests may be compromised by the demand for organ retrieval. Their questions about the philosophical and scientific bases for determining death lead, inevitably, to more profound questions of social policy. Acknowledging that the definition of death is as much a social construct as a scientific one, the authors, in their analysis of these issues, provide a comprehensive and provocative source of information for students and scholars alike.
Controversies In The Determination Of Death
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Author : Edmund D. Pellegrino
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2010-06
Controversies In The Determination Of Death written by Edmund D. Pellegrino and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06 with Social Science categories.
Report by the Pres. Council on Bioethics of an inquiry that was occasioned by another forthcoming Council report on ethical questions in organ transplantation. The two reports are linked ethically: most of the organs procured for transplantation in this country come from deceased donors who have been declared dead in accord with the neurological standard (NS). This report is primarily concerned with a careful analysis of the ethical questions raised by the NS, i.e., the clinical determination of ¿whole brain death.¿ Since then, the NS has been accepted as one of two valid standards for determining death and has been adopted in many countries throughout the world. The Council has concluded that the NS remains valid.
Death Beyond Whole Brain Criteria
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Author : Richard M. Zaner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Death Beyond Whole Brain Criteria written by Richard M. Zaner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
From the tone of the report by the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Re search, one might conclude that the whole-brain-oriented definition of death is now firmly established as an enduring element of public policy. In that report, Defining Death: Medical, Legal and Ethical Issues in the Determination of Death, the President's Commission forwarded a uni form determination of death act, which laid heavy accent on the signifi cance of the brain stem in determining whether an individual is alive or dead: An individual who has sustained either (1) irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions, or (2) irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem, is dead. A determination of death must be made in accordance with accepted medical standards ([1], p. 2). The plausibility of these criteria is undermined as soon as one confronts the question of the level of treatment that ought to be provided to human bodies that have permanently lost consciousness but whose brain stems are still functioning.
Death Determination By Neurologic Criteria
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Author : Ariane Lewis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-01-01
Death Determination By Neurologic Criteria written by Ariane Lewis and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-01 with Medical categories.
This book presents principal controversies over the determination of death by neurologic criteria (“brain death”). The editors and authors are exceedingly well-versed in this subject and are on the forefront of the current debates. The content is divided in the following disciplinary: philosophical (conceptual), medical, scientific, legal, religious, and ethical/social. Many of the topics feature pro-con debates, allowing readers to consider the merits of the arguments and decide their own position. The work is targeted to clinicians and nurses who treat critically ill and dying patients, organ donation personnel, ethicists and philosophers who write on end-of-life issues, and lawyers and legislative/public policy professionals who draft laws on death determination. It identifies and debates the essential controversies currently raging in academic and public policy circles over the medical adequacy, scientific validity, and conceptual coherence of death determination by neurologic criteria. Whether a professional or a student, the reader will be given a comprehensive course in the most pressing controversies and areas of consensus in the determination of death by neurologic criteria.
Beyond Brain Death
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Author : M. Potts
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-04-11
Beyond Brain Death written by M. Potts and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-11 with Philosophy categories.
Beyond Brain Death offers a provocative challenge to one of the most widely accepted conclusions of contemporary bioethics: the position that brain death marks the death of the human person. Eleven chapters by physicians, philosophers, and theologians present the case against brain-based criteria for human death. Each author believes that this position calls into question the moral acceptability of the transplantation of unpaired vital organs from brain-dead patients who have continuing function of the circulatory system. One strength of the book is its international approach to the question: contributors are from the United States, the United Kingdom, Liechtenstein, and Japan. This book will appeal to a wide audience, including physicians and other health care professionals, philosophers, theologians, medical sociologists, and social workers.
Death
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Author : Richard M Zaner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988-05-31
Death written by Richard M Zaner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-05-31 with categories.
Death And Donation
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Author : D. Scott Henderson
language : en
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
Release Date : 2011-08-08
Death And Donation written by D. Scott Henderson and has been published by Wipf and Stock Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-08 with Religion categories.
Since its inception in 1968, the brain-death criterion for human death has enjoyed the status of one of the few relatively well-settled issues in bioethics. However, over the last fifteen years or so, a growing number of experts in medicine, philosophy, and religion have come to regard brain death as an untenable criterion for the determination of death. Given that the debate about brain death has occupied a relatively small group of professionals, few are aware that brain death fails to correspond to any coherent biological or philosophical conception of death. This is significant, for if the brain-dead are not dead, then the removal of their vital organs for transplantation is the direct cause of their deaths, and a violation of the Dead Donor Rule. This unique monograph synthesizes the social, legal, medical, religious, and philosophical problems inherent in current social policy allowing for organ donation under the brain-death criterion. In so doing, this bioethical appraisal offers a provocative investigation of the ethical quandaries inherent in the way transplantable organs are currently procured. Drawing together these multidisciplinary threads, this book advocates the abandonment of the brain-death criterion in light of its adverse failures, and concludes by laying the groundwork for a new policy of death in an effort to further the good of organ donation and transplantation.
Contemporary Bioethics
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Author : Mohammed Ali Al-Bar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-05-27
Contemporary Bioethics written by Mohammed Ali Al-Bar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-27 with Medical categories.
This book discusses the common principles of morality and ethics derived from divinely endowed intuitive reason through the creation of al-fitr' a (nature) and human intellect (al-‘aql). Biomedical topics are presented and ethical issues related to topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproduction and organ transplantation are discussed. Whereas these natural sources are God’s special gifts to human beings, God’s revelation as given to the prophets is the supernatural source of divine guidance through which human communities have been guided at all times through history. The second part of the book concentrates on the objectives of Islamic religious practice – the maqa' sid – which include: Preservation of Faith, Preservation of Life, Preservation of Mind (intellect and reason), Preservation of Progeny (al-nasl) and Preservation of Property. Lastly, the third part of the book discusses selected topical issues, including abortion, assisted reproduction devices, genetics, organ transplantation, brain death and end-of-life aspects. For each topic, the current medical evidence is followed by a detailed discussion of the ethical issues involved.
Defining Death
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Author : Robert M. Veatch
language : en
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Release Date : 2016
Defining Death written by Robert M. Veatch and has been published by Georgetown University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Bioethics categories.
New technologies and medical treatments continue to complicate questions surrounding the moment of death. Distinguished bioethicists Robert M. Veatch and Lainie F. Ross argue that the definition of death is a social question rooted in a person's religious, philosophical, or social beliefs. While ceding that society needs a default definition to proceed in certain cases, the authors state that any decision-making process must allow individuals to make their own choices according to their personal beliefs.