Philosophie In Experimenten
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Experiment And The Making Of Meaning
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Author : D.C. Gooding
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Experiment And The Making Of Meaning written by D.C. Gooding and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
. . . the topic of 'meaning' is the one topic discussed in philosophy in which there is literally nothing but 'theory' - literally nothing that can be labelled or even ridiculed as the 'common sense view'. Putnam, 'The Meaning of Meaning' This book explores some truths behind the truism that experimentation is a hallmark of scientific activity. Scientists' descriptions of nature result from two sorts of encounter: they interact with each other and with nature. Philosophy of science has, by and large, failed to give an account of either sort of interaction. Philosophers typically imagine that scientists observe, theorize and experiment in order to produce general knowledge of natural laws, knowledge which can be applied to generate new theories and technologies. This view bifurcates the scientist's world into an empirical world of pre-articulate experience and know how and another world of talk, thought and argument. Most received philosophies of science focus so exclusively on the literary world of representations that they cannot begin to address the philosophical problems arising from the interaction of these worlds: empirical access as a source of knowledge, meaning and reference, and of course, realism. This has placed the epistemological burden entirely on the predictive role of experiment because, it is argued, testing predictions is all that could show that scientists' theorizing is constrained by nature. Here a purely literary approach contributes to its own demise. The epistemological significance of experiment turns out to be a theoretical matter: cruciality depends on argument, not experiment.
Theory And Experiment
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Author : Diderik Batens
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Theory And Experiment written by Diderik Batens and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This is not "another collection of contributions on a traditional subject." Even more than we dared to expect during the preparatory stages, the papers in this volume prove that our thinking about science has taken a new turn and has reached a new stage. The progressive destruction of the received view has been a fascinating and healthy experience. At present, the period of destruction is over. A richer and more equilibrated analysis of a number of problems is possible and is being cru'ried out. In this sense, this book comes right on time. We owe a lot to the scholars of the Kuhnian period. They not only did away with obstacles, but in several respects instigated a shift in attention that changed history and philosophy of science in a irreversible way. A c1earcut example - we borrow it from the paper by Risto Hilpinen - concerns the study of science as a process, Rnd not only as a result. Moreover, they apparently reached several lasting results, e.g., concerning the tremendous impact of theoretical conceptions on empirical data. Apart from baffling people for several decades, this insight rules out an other return to simple-minded empiricism in the future.
Philosophie In Experimenten
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Author : Gerhard Gamm
language : de
Publisher: transcript Verlag
Release Date : 2014-03-31
Philosophie In Experimenten written by Gerhard Gamm and has been published by transcript Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-31 with Philosophy categories.
»Eine Reihenfolge schöner Experimente«, notiert Friedrich Nietzsche im Herbst 1881, »ist einer der höchsten Theatergenüsse«. Nietzsche beim Wort nehmend, wird in diesem Buch Philosophie(ren) anhand von Experimenten zum Programm gemacht. Die leitende Idee ist dabei weniger, Philosophie(ren) als Lehre oder Weltanschauung zu präsentieren, sondern als ein Unternehmen, das sich in einer Art 'work in progress' unter die wissenschaftlichen und philosophischen Debatten schaltet, die ihren Ausgang von paradigmatischen Experimenten genommen haben. Anhand von Experimenten, die sich über die ganze Bandbreite von den Natur- bis zu den Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften erstrecken, fragen die Beiträge u.a.: Was macht die Realität zu dem, was sie ist? Welche Validierungschancen eröffnet das Experiment? Welche Rolle spielt es, nicht zuletzt in der Philosophie - und in welcher Form?
Thought Experiments In Philosophy Science And The Arts
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Author : Mélanie Frappier
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013
Thought Experiments In Philosophy Science And The Arts written by Mélanie Frappier and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Philosophy categories.
From Lucretius throwing a spear beyond the boundary of the universe to Einstein racing against a beam of light, thought experiments stand as a fascinating challenge to the necessity of data in the empirical sciences. Are these experiments, conducted uniquely in our imagination, simply rhetorical devices or communication tools or are they an essential part of scientific practice? This volume surveys the current state of the debate and explores new avenues of research into the epistemology of thought experiments.
Experiment Right Or Wrong
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Author : Allan Franklin
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1990-05-25
Experiment Right Or Wrong written by Allan Franklin and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-05-25 with Philosophy categories.
In Experiment, Right or Wrong, Allan Franklin continues his investigation of the history and philosophy of experiment presented in his previous book, The Neglect of Experiment. In this new study, Franklin considers the fallibility and corrigibility of experimental results and presents detailed histories of two such episodes: 1) the experiment and the development of the theory of weak interactions from Fermi's theory in 1934 to the V-A theory of 1957 and 2) atomic parity violation experiments and the Weinberg-Salam unified theory of electroweak interactions of the 1970s and 1980s. In these episodes Franklin demonstrates not only that experimental results can be wrong, but also that theoretical calculations and the comparison between experiment and theory can also be incorrect. In the second episode, Franklin contrasts his view of an "evidence model" of science in which questions of theory choice, confirmation, and refutation are decided on the basis of reliable experimental evidence, with that proposed by the social constructivists.
The Neglect Of Experiment
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Author : Allan Franklin
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1989-09-29
The Neglect Of Experiment written by Allan Franklin and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-09-29 with Philosophy categories.
What role have experiments played, and should they play, in physics? How does one come to believe rationally in experimental results? The Neglect of Experiment attempts to provide answers to both of these questions. Professor Franklin's approach combines the detailed study of four episodes in the history of twentieth century physics with an examination of some of the philosophical issues involved. The episodes are the discovery of parity nonconservation ( or the violation of mirror symmetry) in the 1950s; the nondiscovery of parity nonconservation in the 1930s, when the results of experiments indicated, at least in retrospect, the symmetry violation, but the significance of those results was not realized; the discovery and acceptance of CP ( combined parity-charge conjugations, paricle-antiparticle) symmetry; and Millikan's oil-drop experiment. Franklin examines the various roles that experiment plays, including its role in deciding between competing theories, confirming theories, and calling fo new theories. The author argues that one can provide a philosophical justification for these roles. He contends that if experiment plays such important roles, then one must have good reason to believe in experimental results. He then deals with deveral problems concerning such reslults, including the epistemology of experiment, how one comes to believe rationally in experimental results, the question of the influence of theoretical presuppositions on results, and the problem of scientific fruad. This original and important contribution to the study of the philosophy of experimental science is an outgrowth of many years of research. Franklin brings to this work more than a decade of experience as an experimental high-energy physicist, along with his significant contributions to the history and philosophy of science.
Observation And Experiment In The Natural And Social Sciences
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Author : Maria Carla Galavotti
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-04-18
Observation And Experiment In The Natural And Social Sciences written by Maria Carla Galavotti and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-18 with Science categories.
This volume is a contribution to the ongoing debate on the distinction between a ‘context of justification’ and a ‘context of discovery’. It is meant for researchers and advanced students in philosophy of science, and for natural and social scientists interested in foundational topics. Spanning a wide range of disciplines, it combines the viewpoint of philosophers and scientists and casts a new interdisciplinary perspective on the problem of observation and experimentation.
Thought Experiments
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Author : Roy A. Sorensen Associate Professor of Philosophy New York University
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1992-08-06
Thought Experiments written by Roy A. Sorensen Associate Professor of Philosophy New York University and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-08-06 with Philosophy categories.
Sorensen presents a general theory of thought experiments: what they are, how they work, what are their virtues and vices. On Sorensen's view, philosophy differs from science in degree, but not in kind. For this reason, he claims, it is possible to understand philosophical thought experiments by concentrating on their resemblance to scientific relatives. Lessons learned about scientific experimentation carry over to thought experiment, and vice versa. Sorensen also assesses the hazards and pseudo-hazards of thought experiments. Although he grants that there are interesting ways in which the method leads us astray, he attacks most scepticism about thought experiments as arbitrary. They should be used, he says, as they generally are used--as part of a diversified portfolio of techniques. All of these devices are individually susceptible to abuse, fallacy, and error. Collectively, however, they provide a network of cross-checks that make for impressive reliability.
What If
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Author : Peg Tittle
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-05-23
What If written by Peg Tittle and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-23 with Philosophy categories.
What If. . .Collected Thought Experiments in Philosophy is a brief collection of over 100 classic and contemporary “thought experiments,” each exploring an important philosophical argument. These thought experiments introduce students to the kind of disciplined thought required in philosophy, and awaken their intellectual curiosity. Featuring a clear and conversational writing style that doesn't dilute the ideas, the value of the book is in its simplicity–in both format and tone. Each thought experiment is accompanied by commentary from the author that explains its importance and provides thought-provoking questions, all encapsulated on two pages.
Theory And Experiment
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Author : Diderik Batens
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1988-01-31
Theory And Experiment written by Diderik Batens and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-01-31 with Science categories.
This is not "another collection of contributions on a traditional subject." Even more than we dared to expect during the preparatory stages, the papers in this volume prove that our thinking about science has taken a new turn and has reached a new stage. The progressive destruction of the received view has been a fascinating and healthy experience. At present, the period of destruction is over. A richer and more equilibrated analysis of a number of problems is possible and is being cru'ried out. In this sense, this book comes right on time. We owe a lot to the scholars of the Kuhnian period. They not only did away with obstacles, but in several respects instigated a shift in attention that changed history and philosophy of science in a irreversible way. A c1earcut example - we borrow it from the paper by Risto Hilpinen - concerns the study of science as a process, Rnd not only as a result. Moreover, they apparently reached several lasting results, e.g., concerning the tremendous impact of theoretical conceptions on empirical data. Apart from baffling people for several decades, this insight rules out an other return to simple-minded empiricism in the future.