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Phylogeny And Rates Of The Evolution


Phylogeny And Rates Of The Evolution
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Phylogeny And Rates Of The Evolution


Phylogeny And Rates Of The Evolution
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982

Phylogeny And Rates Of The Evolution written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Evolution categories.




Phylogeny And Rates Of The Evolution


Phylogeny And Rates Of The Evolution
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Author : Michael J. Novacek
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982

Phylogeny And Rates Of The Evolution written by Michael J. Novacek and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Evolution categories.




Mathematics Of Evolution And Phylogeny


Mathematics Of Evolution And Phylogeny
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Author : Olivier Gascuel
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2005-02-24

Mathematics Of Evolution And Phylogeny written by Olivier Gascuel and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-02-24 with Mathematics categories.


This book considers evolution at different scales: sequences, genes, gene families, organelles, genomes and species. The focus is on the mathematical and computational tools and concepts, which form an essential basis of evolutionary studies, indicate their limitations, and give them orientation. Recent years have witnessed rapid progress in the mathematics of evolution and phylogeny, with models and methods becoming more realistic, powerful, and complex. Aimed at graduates and researchers in phylogenetics, mathematicians, computer scientists and biologists, and including chapters by leading scientists: A. Bergeron, D. Bertrand, D. Bryant, R. Desper, O. Elemento, N. El-Mabrouk, N. Galtier, O. Gascuel, M. Hendy, S. Holmes, K. Huber, A. Meade, J. Mixtacki, B. Moret, E. Mossel, V. Moulton, M. Pagel, M.-A. Poursat, D. Sankoff, M. Steel, J. Stoye, J. Tang, L.-S. Wang, T. Warnow, Z. Yang, this book of contributed chapters explains the basis and covers the recent results in this highly topical area.



An Introduction To Molecular Evolution And Phylogenetics


An Introduction To Molecular Evolution And Phylogenetics
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Author : Lindell Bromham
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016

An Introduction To Molecular Evolution And Phylogenetics written by Lindell Bromham and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with DNA. categories.


Previous edition published as Reading the story in DNA: a beginner's guide to molecular evolution by Oxford University Press, 2008.



Analysis Of Phylogenetics And Evolution With R


Analysis Of Phylogenetics And Evolution With R
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Author : Emmanuel Paradis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-11-06

Analysis Of Phylogenetics And Evolution With R written by Emmanuel Paradis and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-06 with Science categories.


The increasing availability of molecular and genetic databases coupled with the growing power of computers gives biologists opportunities to address new issues, such as the patterns of molecular evolution, and re-assess old ones, such as the role of adaptation in species diversification. In the second edition, the book continues to integrate a wide variety of data analysis methods into a single and flexible interface: the R language. This open source language is available for a wide range of computer systems and has been adopted as a computational environment by many authors of statistical software. Adopting R as a main tool for phylogenetic analyses will ease the workflow in biologists' data analyses, ensure greater scientific repeatability, and enhance the exchange of ideas and methodological developments. The second edition is completed updated, covering the full gamut of R packages for this area that have been introduced to the market since its previous publication five years ago. There is also a new chapter on the simulation of evolutionary data. Graduate students and researchers in evolutionary biology can use this book as a reference for data analyses, whereas researchers in bioinformatics interested in evolutionary analyses will learn how to implement these methods in R. The book starts with a presentation of different R packages and gives a short introduction to R for phylogeneticists unfamiliar with this language. The basic phylogenetic topics are covered: manipulation of phylogenetic data, phylogeny estimation, tree drawing, phylogenetic comparative methods, and estimation of ancestral characters. The chapter on tree drawing uses R's powerful graphical environment. A section deals with the analysis of diversification with phylogenies, one of the author's favorite research topics. The last chapter is devoted to the development of phylogenetic methods with R and interfaces with other languages (C and C++). Some exercises conclude these chapters.



Fossils Phylogeny And Form


Fossils Phylogeny And Form
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Author : Jonathan M. Adrain
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Fossils Phylogeny And Form written by Jonathan M. Adrain and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.


Phylogenetic analysis and morphometrics have been developed by biologists into rigorous analytic tools for testing hypotheses about the relationships between groups of species. This book applies these tools to paleontological data. The fossil record is our one true chronicle of the history of life, preserving a set of macroevolutionary patterns; thus various hypotheses about evolutionary processes can be tested in the fossil record using phylogentic analysis and morphometrics. The first book of its type, Fossils, Phylogeny, and Form will be useful in evolutionary biology, paleontology, systematics, evolutionary development, theoretical biology, biogeography, and zoology. It will also provide a practical, researcher-friendly gateway into computer-based phylogenetics and morphometrics.



Molecular Evolution


Molecular Evolution
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Author : Roderick D.M. Page
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-07-14

Molecular Evolution written by Roderick D.M. Page and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-14 with Science categories.


The study of evolution at the molecular level has given the subject of evolutionary biology a new significance. Phylogenetic 'trees' of gene sequences are a powerful tool for recovering evolutionary relationships among species, and can be used to answer a broad range of evolutionary and ecological questions. They are also beginning to permeate the medical sciences. In this book, the authors approach the study of molecular evolution with the phylogenetic tree as a central metaphor. This will equip students and professionals with the ability to see both the evolutionary relevance of molecular data, and the significance evolutionary theory has for molecular studies. The book is accessible yet sufficiently detailed and explicit so that the student can learn the mechanics of the procedures discussed. The book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in molecular evolution/phylogenetic reconstruction. It will also be a useful supplement for students taking wider courses in evolution, as well as a valuable resource for professionals. First student textbook of phylogenetic reconstruction which uses the tree as a central metaphor of evolution. Chapter summaries and annotated suggestions for further reading. Worked examples facilitate understanding of some of the more complex issues. Emphasis on clarity and accessibility.



Molecular Evolution And Phylogenetics


Molecular Evolution And Phylogenetics
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Author : Masatoshi Nei
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2000-07-27

Molecular Evolution And Phylogenetics written by Masatoshi Nei and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-07-27 with Science categories.


During the last ten years, remarkable progress has occurred in the study of molecular evolution. Among the most important factors that are responsible for this progress are the development of new statistical methods and advances in computational technology. In particular, phylogenetic analysis of DNA or protein sequences has become a powerful tool for studying molecular evolution. Along with this developing technology, the application of the new statistical and computational methods has become more complicated and there is no comprehensive volume that treats these methods in depth. Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics fills this gap and present various statistical methods that are easily accessible to general biologists as well as biochemists, bioinformatists and graduate students. The text covers measurement of sequence divergence, construction of phylogenetic trees, statistical tests for detection of positive Darwinian selection, inference of ancestral amino acid sequences, construction of linearized trees, and analysis of allele frequency data. Emphasis is given to practical methods of data analysis, and methods can be learned by working through numerical examples using the computer program MEGA2 that is provided.



Carnivoran Evolution


Carnivoran Evolution
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Author : Anjali Goswami
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010-07-29

Carnivoran Evolution written by Anjali Goswami and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-29 with Science categories.


Members of the mammalian clade Carnivora have invaded nearly every continent and ocean, evolving into bamboo-eating pandas, clam-eating walruses and of course, flesh-eating sabre-toothed cats. With this ecological, morphological and taxonomic diversity and a fossil record spanning over sixty million years, Carnivora has proven to be a model clade for addressing questions of broad evolutionary significance. This volume brings together top international scientists with contributions that focus on current advances in our understanding of carnivoran relationships, ecomorphology and macroevolutionary patterns. Topics range from the palaeoecology of the earliest fossil carnivorans to the influences of competition and constraint on diversity and biogeographic distributions. Several studies address ecomorphological convergences among carnivorans and other mammals with morphometric and Finite Element analyses, while others consider how new molecular and palaeontological data have changed our understanding of carnivoran phylogeny. Combined, these studies also illustrate the diverse suite of approaches and questions in evolutionary biology and palaeontology.



Ontogeny And Phylogeny


Ontogeny And Phylogeny
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Author : Stephen Jay Gould
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 1985-01-17

Ontogeny And Phylogeny written by Stephen Jay Gould and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-01-17 with Science categories.


“Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny” was Haeckel’s answer—the wrong one—to the most vexing question of nineteenth-century biology: what is the relationship between individual development (ontogeny) and the evolution of species and lineages (phylogeny)? In this, the first major book on the subject in fifty years, Stephen Jay Gould documents the history of the idea of recapitulation from its first appearance among the pre-Socratics to its fall in the early twentieth century. Mr. Gould explores recapitulation as an idea that intrigued politicians and theologians as well as scientists. He shows that Haeckel’s hypothesis—that human fetuses with gill slits are, literally, tiny fish, exact replicas of their water-breathing ancestors—had an influence that extended beyond biology into education, criminology, psychoanalysis (Freud and Jung were devout recapitulationists), and racism. The theory of recapitulation, Gould argues, finally collapsed not from the weight of contrary data, but because the rise of Mendelian genetics rendered it untenable. Turning to modern concepts, Gould demonstrates that, even though the whole subject of parallels between ontogeny and phylogeny fell into disrepute, it is still one of the great themes of evolutionary biology. Heterochrony—changes in developmental timing, producing parallels between ontogeny and phylogeny—is shown to be crucial to an understanding of gene regulation, the key to any rapprochement between molecular and evolutionary biology. Gould argues that the primary evolutionary value of heterochrony may lie in immediate ecological advantages for slow or rapid maturation, rather than in long-term changes of form, as all previous theories proclaimed. Neoteny—the opposite of recapitulation—is shown to be the most important determinant of human evolution. We have evolved by retaining the juvenile characters of our ancestors and have achieved both behavioral flexibility and our characteristic morphology thereby (large brains by prolonged retention of rapid fetal growth rates, for example). Gould concludes that “there may be nothing new under the sun, but permutation of the old within complex systems can do wonders. As biologists, we deal directly with the kind of material complexity that confers an unbounded potential upon simple, continuous changes in underlying processes. This is the chief joy of our science.”