Physiological Aspects Of Legged Terrestrial Locomotion
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Physiological Aspects Of Legged Terrestrial Locomotion
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Author : Giovanni Cavagna
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-02-12
Physiological Aspects Of Legged Terrestrial Locomotion written by Giovanni Cavagna and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book offers a succinct but comprehensive description of the mechanics of muscle contraction and legged terrestrial locomotion. It describes on the one hand how the fundamental properties of muscle tissue affect the mechanics of locomotion, and on the other, how the mechanics of locomotion modify the mechanism of muscle operation under different conditions. Further, the book reports on the design and results of experiments conducted with two goals. The first was to describe the physiological function of muscle tissue (which may be considered as the “motor”) contracting at a constant length, during shortening, during lengthening, and under a condition that occurs most frequently in the back-and-forth movement of the limbs during locomotion, namely the stretch-shortening cycle of the active muscle. The second objective was to analyze the interaction between the motor and the “machine” (the skeletal lever system) during walking and running in different scenarios with respect to speed, step frequency, body mass, gravity, age, and pathological gait. The book will be of considerable interest to physiology, biology and physics students, and provides researchers with stimuli for further experimental and analytical work.
Understanding Mammalian Locomotion
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Author : John E. A. Bertram
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-01-19
Understanding Mammalian Locomotion written by John E. A. Bertram and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-19 with Science categories.
Understanding Mammalian Locomotion will formally introduce the emerging perspective of collision dynamics in mammalian terrestrial locomotion and explain how it influences the interpretation of form and functional capabilities. The objective is to bring the reader interested in the function and mechanics of mammalian terrestrial locomotion to a sophisticated conceptual understanding of the relevant mechanics and the current debate ongoing in the field.
Animal Locomotion
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Author : Malcolm S. Gordon
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-05-25
Animal Locomotion written by Malcolm S. Gordon and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-25 with Medical categories.
Animal Locomotion: Physical Principles and Adaptations is a professional-level, state of the art review and reference summarizing the current understanding of macroscopic metazoan animal movement. The comparative biophysics, biomechanics and bioengineering of swimming, flying and terrestrial locomotion are placed in contemporary frameworks of biodiversity, evolutionary process, and modern research methods, including mathematical analysis. The intended primary audience is advanced-level students and researchers primarily interested in and trained in mathematics, physical sciences and engineering. Although not encyclopedic in its coverage, anyone interested in organismal biology, functional morphology, organ systems and ecological physiology, physiological ecology, molecular biology, molecular genetics and systems biology should find this book useful.
Animal Locomotion
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Author : Andrew A. Biewener
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2003-06-19
Animal Locomotion written by Andrew A. Biewener and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-19 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book provides a clear foundation, based on physical biology and biomechanics, for understanding the underlying mechanisms by which animals have evolved to move in their physical environment. It integrates the biomechanics of animal movement with the physiology of animal energetics and the neural control of locomotion. The author also communicates a sense of the awe and fascination that comes from watching the grace, speed, and power of animals in motion. Movement is a fundamental distinguishing feature of animal life, and a variety of extremely effective mechanical and physiological designs have evolved. Common themes are observed for the ways in which animals successfully contend with the properties of a given physical environment across diversity of life forms and varying locomotor modes. Understanding the common principles of design that span a diverse array of animals requires a broad comparative and integrative approach to their study. This theme persists throughout the book, as various modes and mechanisms of animal locomotion are covered. Since an animal's size is equally critical to its functional design, the effects of scale on locomotor energetics and mechanics are also discussed. Biewener begins by examining the underlying machinery for movement: skeletal muscles used for force generation, skeletons used for force transmission, and spring-like elements used for energy savings. He then describes the basic mechanisms that animals have evolved to move over land, in and on the surface of the water, and in the air. Common fluid dynamic principles are discussed as background to both swimming and flight. In addition to discussing the locomotor mechanisms of complex animals, the locomotor movement of single cells is also covered. Common biochemical features of cellular metabolism are then reviewed before discussing the energetic aspects of various locomotor modes. Strategies for conserving energy and moving economically are again highlighted in this section of the book. Emphasis is placed on comparisons of energetic features across locomotor modes. The book concludes with a discussion of the neural control of animal locomotion. The basic neurosensory and motor elements common to vertebrates and arthropods are discussed, and features of sensori-motor organization and function are highlighted. These are then examined in the context of specific examples of how animals control the rhythmic patterns of limb and body movement that underlie locomotor function and stability.
Fundamentals Of Human Physiology
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Author : Giovanni Cavagna
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-06-12
Fundamentals Of Human Physiology written by Giovanni Cavagna and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-12 with Medical categories.
This textbook explores the fundamental qualitative and quantitative aspects of human physiology. It approaches biological and physiological processes and phenomena from a quantitative perspective, revealing how physiological problems can be mathematically formulated starting from simple laws of physics. The book addresses a broad range of topics, including: the statics and dynamics of circulation; muscle and sarcomere force-length and force-velocity relations, together with their mechanisms and functional consequences; subdivisions and meaning of the heat produced by muscle; locomotion, statics and dynamics of respiration; diffusion of gases and acid base equilibrium; phonation; general functions of the kidney and of the different sections of the nephron; changes in clearance with a substance’s plasmatic concentration; pH regulation and the kidney; Donnan’s equilibrium and its consequences; and the Nernst equation. The book offers the ideal learning resource for students of human physiology courses in medicine and biomedicine, as well as biomedical engineering and biophysics graduate students. An elementary grasp of mathematics and physics is sufficient to understand the content.
Adaptive Gait And Postural Control From Physiological To Pathological Mechanisms Towards Prevention And Rehabilitation
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Author : Helena Blumen
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-04-06
Adaptive Gait And Postural Control From Physiological To Pathological Mechanisms Towards Prevention And Rehabilitation written by Helena Blumen and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-06 with categories.
New World Tarantulas
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Author : Fernando Pérez-Miles
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-12-15
New World Tarantulas written by Fernando Pérez-Miles and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-15 with Science categories.
The Theraphosidae are the most famous and diverse mygalomorph spiders, and include some of the largest arachnids on earth. Their unique defense mechanisms, predatory tactics, reproductive strategies and ecological adaptations are displayed by a wide range of terrestrial, burrowing and arboreal species. These arachnids are familiar to the general public thanks to horror movies and a growing interest in tarantulas as pets; however, scientific information on the group is scattered throughout the literature and not easily available. This book reviews all major aspects of New World Theraphosid tarantulas and provides in-depth information on their evolution, taxonomy, behavior, physiology, ecology, reproduction, conservation and biogeography. As a comprehensive guide to the biology of tarantulas, it will appeal to researchers, students and terrarium hobbyists alike.
Engineering Physiology
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Author : Karl H. E. Kroemer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-07-08
Engineering Physiology written by Karl H. E. Kroemer and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This fifth edition of “Engineering Physiology” has the same purpose as the earlier prints: to provide physiological information which engineers, designers, supervisors, managers and other planners need to make work and equipment “fit the human.” Chapters have been revised, figures and tables updated. New material discusses, among other topics, models of the human body that provide practical and design-oriented information, biomechanics describing the body’s capabilities and limitations, effects of shift work / sleep loss on attitude and performance, and new techniques to measure body sizes and the resultant changes in applications of that information. The book does not replace standard (biological-medical-chemical) textbooks on human physiology; instead, it provides information on human features and functions which are basic to ergonomics or human (factors) engineering, terms often used interchangeably. It helps lay the foundations for teamwork among engineers and physiologists, biologists and physicians. Bioengineering topics concern bones and tissues, neural networks, biochemical processes, bio- and anthromechanics, biosensors, perception of information and related actions, to mention just a few areas of common interest. Such understanding provides the underpinnings for devising work tasks, tools, workplaces, vehicles, work-rest schedules, human-machine systems, homes and designed environments so that we humans can work and live safely, efficiently and comfortably.
Mechanics Of Animal Locomotion
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Author : R. McNeill Alexander
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1992
Mechanics Of Animal Locomotion written by R. McNeill Alexander and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Medical categories.
Locomotion And Energetics In Arthropods
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Author : Clyde F. Herreid
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Locomotion And Energetics In Arthropods written by Clyde F. Herreid and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
At the 1980 Christmas meetings of the American Society of zoologists in Seattle, Washington, the Division of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry sponsored a symposium on the locomo tion and exercise of arthropods. This book is an outgrowth of that symposium. To our knowledge, the symposium and this volume are the first attempts to deal with all of the major modes of locomotion (flight, swimming, and pedestrian travel) among the arthropods in a comprehensive fashion. The time seems propitious to focus on arthropod locomotion. In the last decade enormous strides have been made in understand ing locomotion - both arthropod and vertebrate alike. There has been an explosion of new ideas, new techniques, and new data. These deserve greater attention and discussion than is possible in specialized journals. Hopefully this book will fill this gap; moreover, it should serve as a benchmark for newcomers to see what has happened to date and perhaps act as a launching pad for re search to come. Whatever the case, a symposium volume such as this serves to highlight our current strengths and weaknesses. In the present case it reveals the relative abundance of information on flying and walking and the dearth of data available on swimming; it exposes the fact that insects and crustaceans are fairly well studied and arachnids are not.