Physiology And Biochemistry Of Sterols
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Physiology And Biochemistry Of Sterols
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Author : Glenn W. Patterson
language : en
Publisher: The American Oil Chemists Society
Release Date : 1991
Physiology And Biochemistry Of Sterols written by Glenn W. Patterson and has been published by The American Oil Chemists Society this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Medical categories.
Biochemistry And Function Of Sterols
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Author : Edward J. Parish
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-11-25
Biochemistry And Function Of Sterols written by Edward J. Parish and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-25 with Science categories.
Leading international scientists bring current and developing topics in sterol research together in Biochemistry and Function of Sterols. The authors are experts in each major area of sterol research-medicine, biochemistry, chemistry, and agriculture. Each chapter features the current state of research as well as new and developing research topics. Throughout the volume the focus is on the major and expanding areas of sterol biochemistry and function of sterols in all classes or organisms. The broad scope of this work embraces many disciplines and will be of interest to a variety of researchers, students, and lay people. Professors will find Biochemistry and Function of Sterols an excellent choice as a textbook for courses on steroid, lipid, or plant biochemistry.
Cholesterol
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Author : Robert P. Cook
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2015-07-14
Cholesterol written by Robert P. Cook and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-14 with Science categories.
Cholesterol: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pathology focuses on the properties, characteristics, compositions, and reactions of cholesterol. The selection first offers information on the history of cholesterol, including occurrence of cholesterol, early chemistry, related compounds, and analytical methods. The text then surveys the chemistry of cholesterol; methods of isolation and estimation of sterols; and distribution of sterols in organisms and in tissues. Discussions focus on quantitative determination of sterols, isolation procedures, distribution in animal tissues, sterols in plants, and sterol content of foodstuffs. The publication ponders on the physiology of the circulating cholesterol and lipoproteins and the biosynthesis of cholesterol. The manuscript then takes a look at the metabolism of cholesterol and other sterols in animal organisms; conversion of cholesterol to steroid hormones; microscopical localization of cholesterol in cells and tissues; and pathological manifestations of abnormal cholesterol metabolism. The selection is a valuable reference for readers interested in the properties and reactions of cholesterol.
The Effects Of Sterols On Drosophila Melanogaster
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Author : Angela M. Martin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
The Effects Of Sterols On Drosophila Melanogaster written by Angela M. Martin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Sterols are essential components of cellular membranes and are required precursors for important hormones regulating growth and development. Unlike most animals, insects lack the ability to synthesize sterols de novo and they must acquire sterols from their food. Cholesterol is the typical sterol recovered from animals, including most insects. Plant and fungal sterols differ structurally from cholesterol, mostly in side chain configuration and the number and position of double bonds. In the lab, Drosophila are reared on diets that contain 4 different sterols -- cholesterol (animal sterol), sitosterol and stigmasterol (plant sterols), plus ergosterol (fungal sterol); ergosterol comprises nearly 75% of the dietary sterol content. Like vertebrates, Drosophila requires cholesterol for membrane structure and hormone production. However, their inability to synthesize sterols de novo makes them a model organism to study sterol use and metabolism. Two experiments were performed. First, using a recently developed holidic diet, larvae were individually reared (from hatch) on each of the 4 different sterols in standard Drosophila diet, each at a range of different concentrations. When individual sterols are incorporated at different concentrations into a holidic diet, performance and overall survival are significantly affected. Individuals reared on cholesterol only diets exhibited significantly faster developmental times to pupation and also to eclosion from pupation; additionally, overall survival to pupation and eclosion was significantly increased compared to sitosterol, stigmasterol, and ergosterol. In the absence of sterols, individuals arrested development. As an individual sterol ergosterol minimally supported adult survival at low concentrations and failed to support survival at high concentrations. Next, the extent to which sparing occurs in Drosophila melanogaster was examined using different cholesterol and ergosterol ratios in the diet. When ergosterol was supplemented with cholesterol in different ratios, survival was dramatically improved and in some instances exceeded that of only cholesterol. Survival to pupation was significantly reduced as the ratio of cholesterol increased. Collectively the results show that slight variations in sterol structure have pronounced effects on Drosophila growth and development, and that a small amount of dietary cholesterol, likely for metabolic purposes, is required. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155605.
Effects Of Sterol Structure On Insect Herbivore Physiology Biochemistry And Molecular Biology
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Author : Xiangfeng Jing
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Effects Of Sterol Structure On Insect Herbivore Physiology Biochemistry And Molecular Biology written by Xiangfeng Jing and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Sterols serve two important biological functions in animals - they act as cellular membrane components, and as the precursor to steroid hormones. Insects require a dietary source of sterol because they cannot synthesize sterols de novo. Cholesterol is the most common sterol in plant-feeding insects, but because plants contain very little cholesterol, plant-feeding insects must convert plant sterols into cholesterol. In this dissertation I investigate the effect of common and novel plant sterols and steroids found in a transgenic tobacco line on several caterpillar species. I also explore the metabolism of these sterols and steroids, and use a microarray approach to identify genes involved in sterol use and metabolism in plant-feeding insects. I also study cholesterol homeostasis using a grasshopper species. Modified tobacco plants containing a novel sterol profile negatively affected performance three different caterpillar species, especially in the second generation. Insects reared on modified plants contained less total sterols and cholesterol than those on control plants having normal sterol profile. Similar results were found using artificial diets containing atypical steroids, e.g., cholestanol and cholestan-3-one, identified in the tobacco plants that were fed to my experimental caterpillars. More importantly, the sterol/steroid ratio, but not their absolute amount in the diets, determined the negative effects. Caterpillar species could convert stigmasterol, a common plant sterol, into cholesterol. They could also convert cholestan-3-one into cholestanol and epicholestanol, although this ability varied among different species. A microarray study, that focused on gene expression in midgut tissue, indicated that stigmasterol, cholestanol and cholestan-3-one could induce different gene expression level, and that cholestan-3-one caused a the largest pool of genes to be regulated. The genes possibly involved in the metabolism of stigmasterol and cholestan-3-one were reported. These findings are important in directing further research on the potential application of plant sterol modification to control pests in agricultural systems. Insect herbivores could behaviorally regulate the intake of several nutrients, but they could not regulate their sterol intake. They did, however, practice cholesterol homeostasis, by postingestively regulating tissue sterol levels, even when feeding on diets with high cholesterol content. Collectively, the results from this dissertation provide unique insight into cholesterol regulation, which is difficult to achieve in mammals that are capable of synthesizing their own sterols.
Steroid And Sterol Hormone Action
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Author : Thomas C. Spelsberg
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Steroid And Sterol Hormone Action written by Thomas C. Spelsberg and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
The purpose of this book is to focus attention on recent developments in steroid and sterol hormone action. Many authors have generously contributed to the book. As a result, there is a great diversity of opinion! A majority of the chapters deal with steroid or sterol hormone receptors. This is not meant to imply that receptor-mediated mechanisms are the sole or even the most important mechanisms by which steroid hormones act in the cell. There is wealth of evidence showing that other, non-receptor events, are important also. Steroid hormone recep tor research and the study of nuclear events mediated by steroids are presently the most intensely studied aspects of sterol hormone action and our selection of topics reflects this trend. We have also included chapters on vitamin 0 sterols and thyroid hormone in the book, as there is pood evidence that these hormones act in a manner similar to other classical steroids. 1 IMMUNOCHARACTERIZATION OF THE NUCLEAR ACCEPTOR SITES FOR THE AVIAN OVIDUCT PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR A. GOLDBERGER, M. HORTON, T. C. SPELSBERG Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Graduate School of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905 INTRODUCTION It is well known that steroid hormones, certain vitamins and sterols, enter target cells and bind to specific protein receptors in the cyto plasm or nucleus (1-4). This binding is saturable, high affinity, and steroid specific.
Analysis Of Sterols
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Author : J. Goad
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1997-03-31
Analysis Of Sterols written by J. Goad and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-03-31 with Science categories.
Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information on it Samuel Johnson, 18 April, 1775* Sterols are among the most studied groups of natural products with interest commencing in the 19th century and running to the present. Investigations have embraced the refinement of separation procedures, the development of new analytical techniques and instrumentation for structure elucidation, the unravelling of biosynthetic mechanisms, the determination of the physiological functions of sterols, and the role they play in health and disease. In the past 20-30 years interest in the medical implications of sterol biochemistry, studies on the sterols of plants, algae and fungi, and the identification of the many unusual sterols from marine organisms have proceeded in parallel and somewhat independently. Although the motiva tion and goals for the various lines of investigation have differed widely the researchers working in each of these areas have contributed a wealth of knowledge to the literature relating to the analysis of sterols and many diverse new sterols have been discovered. We conceived this book as a modest attempt to bring together some of this literature in the hope that it may be helpful to newcomers to sterol research. We had originally intended to produce a 'handbook' outlining in detail the protocols to be followed for sterol extraction, chromatography, NMR analysis, etc. in order to identify the components of a sterol mixture.
Mammalian Sterols
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Author : Damjana Rozman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-08-10
Mammalian Sterols written by Damjana Rozman and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-10 with Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive description of sterols and their novel biological roles in mammalian signaling, the book covers their biosynthesis and structure, describes sterol receptor -mediated actions, their tissue distribution and their role in disease. It offers insight into new research findings, focusing specifically on novel discoveries in bile acid and oxysterol signaling, including the lanosterol-to-cholesterol intermediates. Special attention is paid on the sex distribution of these sterols (male or female) and their sexually dimorphic roles in mammalian species, such as human, rat and mouse. Since sterols and drugs (xenobiotics) use many identical receptor-mediated signaling pathways, the book will be interesting for researchers working on the cross-road of endogenous and xenobiotic metabolism, it is intended for advanced students and scientists in molecular biology and biochemistry as well as for medical doctors in hepatology.
Cholesterol And Pi 4 5 P2 In Vital Biological Functions
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Author : Avia Rosenhouse- Dantsker
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-03-29
Cholesterol And Pi 4 5 P2 In Vital Biological Functions written by Avia Rosenhouse- Dantsker and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-29 with Science categories.
Cholesterol is an essential component of the plasma membrane. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), although a minor phospholipid, is the most abundant membrane phosphoinositide. Both lipids play key roles in a variety of cellular functions including as signalling molecules and major regulators of protein function. Studies on these important lipids have traditionally focused on the effect of each lipid individually. Accumulating evidence indicates, however, that these lipids may cross-regulate each other’s levels. Furthermore, it is becoming evident that cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2 can act together to modulate protein function and biological processes. This book provides an overview of cellular functions and molecular mechanisms in which cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2 functions extend from parallel existence to crosstalk. It includes four sections. The first section introduces the reader to cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2. The second section demonstrates the mutual influence of these two critical lipids on their levels. The third section, divided into two parts, describes the co-modulation of protein function by cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2. The first part focuses on ion channels and the second - on lipid transfer proteins. The fourth section highlights other cellular processes at the intersection of cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2 involvement. Collectively, the book portrays the emerging relationship between cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2 in a broad array of biological systems and processes. The book will be of interest to a wide audience of research scientists with an interest in the biophysical properties of lipids and the physiological consequences of their presence in biological systems, as well as graduate students, postdoctoral trainees, basic and clinical researchers, and pharmaceutical scientists. Specifically, the content will be relevant to researchers in the fields of biochemistry, molecular biophysics, pharmacology, neurobiology, cardiovascular biology, among others. Provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of the interplay between cholesterol and PI(4,5) P2 Provides an overview of the emerging relationship between cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2 in biological systems and processes Discusses cellular processes and molecular mechanisms where lipid functions extend from parallel existence to crosstalk
Analysis Of Sterols
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Author : J. Goad
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-02-09
Analysis Of Sterols written by J. Goad and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-09 with Science categories.
Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information on it Samuel Johnson, 18 April, 1775* Sterols are among the most studied groups of natural products with interest commencing in the 19th century and running to the present. Investigations have embraced the refinement of separation procedures, the development of new analytical techniques and instrumentation for structure elucidation, the unravelling of biosynthetic mechanisms, the determination of the physiological functions of sterols, and the role they play in health and disease. In the past 20-30 years interest in the medical implications of sterol biochemistry, studies on the sterols of plants, algae and fungi, and the identification of the many unusual sterols from marine organisms have proceeded in parallel and somewhat independently. Although the motiva tion and goals for the various lines of investigation have differed widely the researchers working in each of these areas have contributed a wealth of knowledge to the literature relating to the analysis of sterols and many diverse new sterols have been discovered. We conceived this book as a modest attempt to bring together some of this literature in the hope that it may be helpful to newcomers to sterol research. We had originally intended to produce a 'handbook' outlining in detail the protocols to be followed for sterol extraction, chromatography, NMR analysis, etc. in order to identify the components of a sterol mixture.