Plant Strategies And The Dynamics And Structure Of Plant Communities Mpb 26 Volume 26
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Plant Strategies And The Dynamics And Structure Of Plant Communities Mpb 26 Volume 26
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Author : David Tilman
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-03-31
Plant Strategies And The Dynamics And Structure Of Plant Communities Mpb 26 Volume 26 written by David Tilman and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-31 with Science categories.
Although ecologists have long considered morphology and life history to be important determinants of the distribution, abundance, and dynamics of plants in nature, this book contains the first theory to predict explicitly both the evolution of plant traits and the effects of these traits on plant community structure and dynamics. David Tilman focuses on the universal requirement of terrestrial plants for both below-ground and above-ground resources. The physical separation of these resources means that plants face an unavoidable tradeoff. To obtain a higher proportion of one resource, a plant must allocate more of its growth to the structures involved in its acquisition, and thus necessarily obtain a lower proportion of another resource. Professor Tilman presents a simple theory that includes this constraint and tradeoff, and uses the theory to explore the evolution of plant life histories and morphologies along productivity and disturbance gradients. The book shows that relative growth rate, which is predicted to be strongly influenced by a plant's proportional allocation to leaves, is a major determinant of the transient dynamics of competition. These dynamics may explain the differences between successions on poor versus rich soils and suggest that most field experiments performed to date have been of too short a duration to allow unambiguous interpretation of their results.
Plant Strategies And The Dynamics And Structure Of Plant Communities
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Plant Strategies And The Dynamics And Structure Of Plant Communities written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Animal populations categories.
Structure And Dynamics Of Forests Under Logging Concession In Papua Indonesia Yosias Gandhi Autor
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Author : Yosias Gandhi
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2022-06-22
Structure And Dynamics Of Forests Under Logging Concession In Papua Indonesia Yosias Gandhi Autor written by Yosias Gandhi and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-22 with Science categories.
The sexiest lowland forests in Papua Indonesia, hosting many high-valued timber species, attract the country’s authorities to allocate 94% as production forests. The main aim is to manage the forests sustainably under a concessionaire system strongly requiring sustainable-sense protocols stated in the national silviculture system-TPTI. However, in many cases, the logging activities in the tropics fail to perform sustainability in production and ecological integrity due to unavoidable high harvesting intensity adopted in uniform cutting protocols. Therefore, comprehending an intact forest’s local-specific features helps develop an adaptable silviculture technique. The book elaborates on 143 species identified in two logging concessions of Papua and explains significant differences in the distinct primary forests formed by the species. It also reveals the individuals and species of commercial timbers left after logging. Furthermore, it presentably discusses the current logging impacts potentially changing the species’ relative abundance, downgrading the future degree of tree diversity and causing a massive timber volume reduction that fizzles out to enter the third cycle. Additionally, the state-of-the-art method of relating species’ slope structure with its sapwood content of δ15N and N is conceptually explained to classify 103 species by light-requirement trait. Therefore, it is a critical indicator for species selection in the enrichment planting of pre-grown seedlings and subsequent tending. Ultimately, including a combination of species-specific minimum cutting diameter in TPTI with the consequence of enlarging the concession area becomes the ambitious goal of this work.
Conflict And Cooperation In Microbial Societies
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Author : Ana E. Escalante
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-04-13
Conflict And Cooperation In Microbial Societies written by Ana E. Escalante and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-13 with Electronic book categories.
The most evident aspect of biodiversity is the variety of complex forms and behaviors among organisms, both living and extinct. Comparative molecular and physiological studies show that the evolution of complex phenotypic traits involves multiple levels of biological organization (i.e. genes, chromosomes, organelles, cells, individual organisms, species, etc.). Regardless of the specific molecular mechanisms and details, the evolution of different complex biological organizations share a commonality: cooperation and conflict among the parts of the biological unit under study. The potential for conflict among parts is abundant. How then do complex systems persist, given the necessity of cooperative behavior for their maintenance, when the potential for conflict occurs across all levels of biological organization? In this Research Topic and eBook we present ideas and work on the question, how coexistence of biological components at different levels of organization persists in the face of antagonistic, conflicting or even exploitative behavior of the parts? The goal of this topic is in presenting examples of cooperation and conflict at different levels of biological organization to discuss the consequences that this “tension” have had in the diversification and emergence of novel phenotypic traits. Exemplary cases are studies investigating: the evolution of genomes, formation of colonial aggregates of cells, biofilms, the origin and maintenance of multicellular organisms, and the stable coexistence of multispecies consortia producing a cooperative product. Altogether, we hope that the contributions to this Research Topic build towards mechanistic knowledge of the biological phenomenon of coexistence in the face of conflict. We believe that knowledge on the mechanisms of the origin and evolutionary maintenance of cooperation has implications beyond evolutionary biology such as novel approaches in controlling microbial infections in medicine and the modes by studies in synthetic biology are conducted when designing economically important microbial consortia.
Population Harvesting Mpb 27 Volume 27
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Author : Wayne M. Getz
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-03-31
Population Harvesting Mpb 27 Volume 27 written by Wayne M. Getz and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-31 with Science categories.
Whether in felling trees for wood, rearing insects for biological control, or culling animals for conservation purposes, efficient management of biological systems requires quantitative analysis of population growth and harvesting policies. Aiming to encourage the exchange of ideas among scientists involved in the management of fisheries, wildlife, forest stands, and pest control, the authors of this work present a general framework for modeling populations that reproduce seasonally and that have age or stage structure as an essential component of management strategy. The book represents the first time that examples from such diverse areas of biological resource management have been brought together in a unified modeling framework using the standard notation of mathematical systems theory. In addition, the authors combine a nonlinear extension of Leslie matrix theory and certain linear elements, thereby permitting interesting analytical results and the creation of compact, realistic simulation models of resource systems.
Resource Competition And Community Structure Mpb 17 Volume 17
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Author : David Tilman
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-03-31
Resource Competition And Community Structure Mpb 17 Volume 17 written by David Tilman and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-31 with Science categories.
One of the central questions of ecology is why there are so many different kinds of plants and animals. Here David Tilman presents a theory of how organisms compete for resources and the way their competition promotes diversity. Developing Hutchinson's suggestion that the main cause of diversity is the feeding relations of species, this book builds a mechanistic, resource-based explanation of the structure and functioning of ecological communities. In a detailed analysis of the Park Grass Experiments at the Rothamsted Experimental Station in England, the author demonstrates that the dramatic results of these 120 years of experimentation are consistent with his theory, as are observations in many other natural communities. The consumer-resource approach of this book is applicable to both animal and plant communities, but the majority of Professor Tilman's discussion concentrates on the structure of plant communities. All theoretical arguments are developed graphically, and formal mathematics is kept to a minimum. The final chapters of the book provide some testable speculations about resources and animal communities and explore such problems as the evolution of "super species," the differences between plant and animal community diversity patterns, and the cause of plant succession.
Plant Strategies Vegetation Processes And Ecosystem Properties
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Author : J. Philip Grime
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001-06-13
Plant Strategies Vegetation Processes And Ecosystem Properties written by J. Philip Grime and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-06-13 with Nature categories.
This title discusses the various strategies in plant ecology and vegetation processes and ecosystem properties - the biological interaction of organisms and their physical environment.
Causes And Consequences Of Species Diversity In Forest Ecosystems
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Author : Aaron M. Ellison
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-07-30
Causes And Consequences Of Species Diversity In Forest Ecosystems written by Aaron M. Ellison and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-30 with Science categories.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Causes and Consequences of Species Diversity in Forest Ecosystems that was published in Forests
Global Resources And The Environment
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Author : Chadwick Dearing Oliver
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018-06-21
Global Resources And The Environment written by Chadwick Dearing Oliver and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-21 with Business & Economics categories.
An illustrated overview of the sustainability of natural resources and the social and environmental issues surrounding their distribution and demand.
The Theory Of Ecological Communities Mpb 57
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Author : Mark Vellend
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-09-15
The Theory Of Ecological Communities Mpb 57 written by Mark Vellend and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-15 with Science categories.
A plethora of different theories, models, and concepts make up the field of community ecology. Amid this vast body of work, is it possible to build one general theory of ecological communities? What other scientific areas might serve as a guiding framework? As it turns out, the core focus of community ecology—understanding patterns of diversity and composition of biological variants across space and time—is shared by evolutionary biology and its very coherent conceptual framework, population genetics theory. The Theory of Ecological Communities takes this as a starting point to pull together community ecology's various perspectives into a more unified whole. Mark Vellend builds a theory of ecological communities based on four overarching processes: selection among species, drift, dispersal, and speciation. These are analogues of the four central processes in population genetics theory—selection within species, drift, gene flow, and mutation—and together they subsume almost all of the many dozens of more specific models built to describe the dynamics of communities of interacting species. The result is a theory that allows the effects of many low-level processes, such as competition, facilitation, predation, disturbance, stress, succession, colonization, and local extinction to be understood as the underpinnings of high-level processes with widely applicable consequences for ecological communities. Reframing the numerous existing ideas in community ecology, The Theory of Ecological Communities provides a new way for thinking about biological composition and diversity.