Plastic Pollution In The Global Ocean
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Reckoning With The U S Role In Global Ocean Plastic Waste
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022-09
Reckoning With The U S Role In Global Ocean Plastic Waste written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09 with Political Science categories.
An estimated 8 million metric tons (MMT) of plastic waste enters the world's ocean each year - the equivalent of dumping a garbage truck of plastic waste into the ocean every minute. Plastic waste is now found in almost every marine habitat, from the ocean surface to deep sea sediments to the ocean's vast mid-water region, as well as the Great Lakes. This report responds to a request in the bipartisan Save Our Seas 2.0 Act for a scientific synthesis of the role of the United States both in contributing to and responding to global ocean plastic waste. The United States is a major producer of plastics and in 2016, generated more plastic waste by weight and per capita than any other nation. Although the U.S. solid waste management system is advanced, it is not sufficient to deter leakage into the environment. Reckoning with the U.S. Role in Global Ocean Plastic Waste calls for a national strategy by the end of 2022 to reduce the nation's contribution to global ocean plastic waste at every step - from production to its entry into the environment - including by substantially reducing U.S. solid waste generation. This report also recommends a nationally-coordinated and expanded monitoring system to track plastic pollution in order to understand the scales and sources of U.S. plastic waste, set reduction and management priorities, and measure progress.
Plastic Pollution In The Global Ocean
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Author : Alice A Horton
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2022-12-27
Plastic Pollution In The Global Ocean written by Alice A Horton and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Plastic pollution is a growing environmental problem that is attracting increasing interest across society, from academics to the general public. A significant factor in the wide public interest in plastics is its visibility; present throughout urban and rural environments, washing up on beaches and even visible from space. However, 'invisible' microplastics and nanoplastics are also an issue. With growing plastic production and usage, plastic waste within the environment will continue to increase. This increased input along with its persistence leads to accumulation and increasing ecosystem exposure, with as-yet unknown consequences.This book brings together a collection of chapters written by world-leading experts in environmental plastic pollution inputs, fate, effects and solutions. It provides an accessible overview of the current scientific understanding, future implications and key considerations for the management and mitigation of plastic waste within the global ocean.Related Link(s)
Plastics And The Environment
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Author : R M Harrison
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2018-11-19
Plastics And The Environment written by R M Harrison and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-19 with Science categories.
Plastic has become a ubiquitous part of modern life. A cheap, lightweight material, it is used in everything from food packaging to consumer electronics and microbeads in cosmetic products. However, we are becoming increasingly aware of the problems our reliance on plastic is causing in the environment. For example, recent campaigns have highlighted the build-up of microbeads in the marine environment and the damage this is doing to wildlife, and the problem of marine litter, often in very remote locations. There are also concerns over exposure to plasticisers and their possible consequences for health. The plastics industry is under increasing pressure, not only from the government and environmental groups, but also from consumers, to improve the environmental impact of their products. This book presents an introduction to the uses of plastics and an overview of how they interact with the environment. It is a valuable resource for students studying environmental science as well as researchers working in the plastics industry, and policy makers and regulators concerned with waste disposal and environmental planning and conservation.
Microplastic In The Environment Pattern And Process
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Author : Michael S. Bank
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-10-09
Microplastic In The Environment Pattern And Process written by Michael S. Bank and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This open access book examines global plastic pollution, an issue that has become a critical societal challenge with implications for environmental and public health. This volume provides a comprehensive, holistic analysis on the plastic cycle and its subsequent effects on biota, food security, and human exposure. Importantly, global environmental change and its associated, systems-level processes, including atmospheric deposition, ecosystem complexity, UV exposure, wind patterns, water stratification, ocean circulation, etc., are all important direct and indirect factors governing the fate, transport and biotic and abiotic processing of plastic particles across ecosystem types. Furthermore, the distribution of plastic in the ocean is not independent of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics, since much of the plastic in marine ecosystems originates from land and should therefore be evaluated in the context of the larger plastic cycle. Changes in species size, distribution, habitat, and food web complexity, due to global environmental change, will likely alter trophic transfer dynamics and the ecological effects of nano- and microplastics. The fate and transport dynamics of plastic particles are influenced by their size, form, shape, polymer type, additives, and overall ecosystem conditions. In addition to the risks that plastics pose to the total environment, the potential impacts on human health and exposure routes, including seafood consumption, and air and drinking water need to be assessed in a comprehensive and quantitative manner. Here I present a holistic and interdisciplinary book volume designed to advance the understanding of plastic cycling in the environment with an emphasis on sources, fate and transport, ecotoxicology, climate change effects, food security, microbiology, sustainability, human exposure and public policy.
Thicker Than Water
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Author : Erica Cirino
language : en
Publisher: Island Press
Release Date : 2021-10-07
Thicker Than Water written by Erica Cirino and has been published by Island Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-07 with Nature categories.
Much of what you've heard about plastic pollution may be wrong. Instead of a great island of trash, the infamous Great Pacific Garbage Patch is made up of manmade debris spread over hundreds of miles of sea--more like a soup than a floating garbage dump. Less than nine percent of the plastic we create is reused, and microplastic fragments are found almost everywhere, even in our bodies. In Thicker Than Water: The Quest for Solutions to the Plastic Crisis, journalist Erica Cirino brings readers on a globe-hopping journey to meet the scientists and activists telling the real story of the plastic crisis. New technologies and awareness bring some hope, but Cirino shows that we can only fix the problem if we begin to repair our throwaway culture. Thicker Than Water is an eloquent call to reexamine the systems churning out waves of plastic waste.
Plastic Ocean Art And Science Responses To Marine Pollution
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Author : Ingeborg Reichle
language : en
Publisher: de Gruyter
Release Date : 2021-06-21
Plastic Ocean Art And Science Responses To Marine Pollution written by Ingeborg Reichle and has been published by de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-21 with categories.
Our oceans are in an ecological crisis due to their contamination with millions of tons of toxic microplastic particles. In just a few years, the volume of microplastic particles will exceed that of plankton in our oceans and turn them into a huge sea of plastic. This publication brings together numerous international art projects related to environmental activities, DIY biotechnology, and science, and draws attention to the irreversible destruction of our marine ecosystems - the current threat posed by the loss of marine animal biodiversity, for example, or the decline in oxygen production due to massive plankton loss. It also presents current scientific findings on sustainable alternatives to plastic.
Unep Year Book
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Author : United Nations Publications
language : en
Publisher: Unep Year Book
Release Date : 2015-01-30
Unep Year Book written by United Nations Publications and has been published by Unep Year Book this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-30 with Business & Economics categories.
The UNEP Year Book series examines emerging environmental issues and policy-relevant events and developments. It also presents the latest trends using key environmental indicators. This 2014 edition shows that changes in the Arctic will have consequences far beyond this fragile region and that they require an urgent international response. The volume of chemicals in the world continues to grow, with a shift in production from developed to developing countries. To meet the goal of producing and using chemicals in ways that minimize significant impacts on health and the environment by 2020, efforts must be made to reduce the use of toxic chemicals, promote safer alternatives and build capacity for sound chemicals management. Adequate information for minimizing chemical risks is essential to support these efforts.
Junk Raft
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Author : Marcus Eriksen
language : en
Publisher: Beacon Press
Release Date : 2017-07-04
Junk Raft written by Marcus Eriksen and has been published by Beacon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-04 with Nature categories.
An exciting account of a scientist’s expedition across the Pacific on a home-made “junk raft” in order to learn more about plastic marine pollution A scientist, activist, and inveterate adventurer, Eriksen and his co-navigator, Joel Paschal, construct a “junk raft” made of plastic trash and set themselves adrift from Los Angeles to Hawaii, with no motor or support vessel, confronting perilous cyclones, food shortages, and a fast decaying raft. As Eriksen recounts his struggles to keep afloat, he immerses readers in the deep history of the plastic pollution crisis and the movement that has arisen to combat it. The proliferation of cheap plastic products during the twentieth century has left the world awash in trash. Meanwhile, the plastics industry, with its lobbying muscle, fights tooth and nail against any changes that would affect its lucrative status quo, instead defending poorly designed products and deflecting responsibility for the harm they cause. But, as Eriksen shows, the tide is turning in the battle to save the world’s oceans. He recounts the successful efforts that he and many other activists are waging to fight corporate influence and demand that plastics producers be held accountable. Junk Raft provides concrete, actionable solutions and an empowering message: it’s within our power to change the throw-away culture for the sake of our planet.
Trash Vortex
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Author : Danielle Smith-Llera
language : en
Publisher: Capstone
Release Date : 2018-01-01
Trash Vortex written by Danielle Smith-Llera and has been published by Capstone this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Millions of tons of plastic slip into oceans every year. Some floats and travels slowly with the currents, endangering the health of marine animals. The rest is hardly visible but is far more dangerous. Tiny bits of plastic sprinkle the ocean's surface or mix into the sandy seafloor and beaches. It ends up inside birds, fish, and other animals, harming them-and ultimately humans. Experts struggle with fear and hope as they work to stop the flood of plastic threatening living organisms across the globe.
World Ocean Assessment
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Author : Alan Simcock
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-04-17
World Ocean Assessment written by Alan Simcock and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-17 with Law categories.
This United Nations report examines the current state of knowledge of the world's oceans, for policymakers, and provides a reference for marine science courses.