Polarity Sensitive Expressions

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Polarity Sensitive Expressions

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Author : Hideki Kishimoto
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2023-12-18

Polarity Sensitive Expressions written by Hideki Kishimoto and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-18 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

Polarity (positive, negative) is one of the most fundamental concepts in the system of language and there are many expressions that are sensitive to polarity. For example, any in English and wh-mo in Japanese appear in negative contexts, but not in positive contexts. While previous studies have shown that polarity-sensitive expressions are a general phenomenon in languages, it has also become clear that there are variations in polarity-sensitive expressions. This volume explores the variations in polarity-sensitive expressions through comparisons between Japanese and other languages, such as English, German, Spanish, and Old Japanese, and examines the environments and contexts in which polarity-sensitive expressions occur, as well as the types of (cross-linguistic) variation allowed. The value of the present volume lies in its inclusion of research papers inquiring into various types of polarity-sensitive expressions, such as negative-, positive-, and discourse-sensitive polarity items as well as their variations. The research indicates new directions for the study of polarity-sensitive expressions in the fields of syntax, semantics, pragmatics, historical linguistics, corpus linguistics and psycholinguistics.

Expression And Interpretation Of Negation

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Author : Henriëtte de Swart
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-05-03

Expression And Interpretation Of Negation written by Henriëtte de Swart and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-05-03 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This study in cross-linguistic semantics deploys the framework of bi-directional Optimality Theory to develop a typology of the relationship between syntax and semantics in negation markers and negation indefinites.

Clitic And Affix Combinations

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Author : Lorie Heggie
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2005-01-01

Clitic And Affix Combinations written by Lorie Heggie and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

In this volume, the relationship between clitics and affixes and their combinatorial properties has led to a serious discussion of the interface between syntax, morphology, semantics, and phonology that draws on a variety of theoretical perspectives (e.g., HPSG , Optimality Theory, Minimalism). Clitic/affix phenomena provide a rich range of data, not only for the identification of an affix vs. clitic, but also for the best way to explain ordering constraints, some of which are contradictory. A range of languages are considered, including Romance and Slavic languages, as well as Turkish, Greek, Icelandic, Korean, and Passamaquoddy. Moreover, several articles consider dialectal microparameterization, notably in Spanish, French, and Occitan. This volume thus reflects current debate on issues such as clitic ordering constraints, the relationship of clitics to inalienable possession and the left periphery, and templatic approaches to affixes vs. clitics while examining a broad range of languages.

The Cognitive Variation Of Semantic Structures

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Author : Prakash Mondal
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-03-12

The Cognitive Variation Of Semantic Structures written by Prakash Mondal and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-12 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This book explores the cognitive constraints and principles of variation in structures of linguistic meaning across languages. It unifies cognitive-semantic representations with formal-semantic representations to make a unique contribution to the study of typological generalizations and universals in natural language semantics. This unified approach not only helps reveal why semantic structures have the observed variation they have but also sheds light on the compelling cognitive and formal regularities and patterns in the variation of linguistic semantics. The book also advances the general principles of a cognitively oriented semantic typology. Lucid and topical, the book will be an indispensable resource for students and researchers of language typology, linguistics, cognitive linguistics and semantics. It will also be of interest to theoretical linguists of both cognitivist and formalist schools.

The Oxford Handbook Of Negation

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Author : Viviane Déprez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

The Oxford Handbook Of Negation written by Viviane Déprez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This volume offers reviews of cross-linguistic research on the major classic issues in negation, as well as accounts of more recent results from experimental linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neuroscience. The volume will be an essential reference on the topic of negation for students and researchers across a wide range of disciplines.

The Expression Of Negation

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Author : Laurence R. Horn
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2010-05-27

The Expression Of Negation written by Laurence R. Horn and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-05-27 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

Negation is a sine qua non of every human language but is absent from otherwise complex systems of animal communication. In many ways, it is negation that makes us human, imbuing us with the capacity to deny, to contradict, to misrepresent, to lie, and to convey irony. The apparent simplicity of logical negation as a one-place operator that toggles truth and falsity belies the intricate complexity of the expression of negation in natural language. Not only do we find negative adverbs, verbs, copulas, quantifiers, and affixes, but the interaction of negation with other operators (including multiple iterations of negation itself) can be exceedingly complex to describe, extending (as first detailed by Otto Jespersen) to negative concord, negative incorporation, and the widespread occurrence of negative polarity items whose distribution is subject to principles of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters in this book survey the patterning of negative utterances in natural languages, spanning such foundational issues as how negative sentences are realized cross-linguistically and how that realization tends to change over time, how negation is acquired by children, how it is processed by adults, and how its expression changes over time. Specific chapters offer focused empirical studies of negative polarity, pleonastic negation, and negative/quantifier scope interaction, as well as detailed examinations of the form and function of sentential negation in modern Romance languages and Classical Japanese.

Foundational Approaches To Celtic Linguistics

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Author : Andrew Carnie
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2025-06-20

Foundational Approaches To Celtic Linguistics written by Andrew Carnie and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-06-20 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This book showcases the latest research from the world’s leading experts on Celtic linguistics. The 15 chapters span a variety of linguistic subdisciplines as well as theoretical and methodological perspectives. Together, these articles highlight critical aspects of contemporary inquiry into the linguistic systems of Breton, Cornish, Irish, Manx, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh and their ancestor languages. The volume is organized around four key sub-areas: (1) Syntax and Semantics, (2) Phonology and Phonetics, (3) Language Change, Historical Linguistics and Grammaticalization, and (4) Sociolinguistics and Language Documentation. The volume's papers offer detailed investigations of current theoretical issues in Celtic syntax, semantics, phonology, and phonetics, as well as of language policy and ideology, language weaponization, and diachronic and synchronic language change. These state-of-the-art contributions represent the impressive diversity of the field of Celtic linguistics and emphasize the wide body of work being conducted in the language communities of the six Celtic nations.

The Grammar Of Polarity

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Author : Michael Israel
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-05-05

The Grammar Of Polarity written by Michael Israel and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-05 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

Many languages include constructions which are sensitive to the expression of polarity: that is, negative polarity items, which cannot occur in affirmative clauses, and positive polarity items, which cannot occur in negatives. The phenomenon of polarity sensitivity has been an important source of evidence for theories about the mental architecture of grammar over the last fifty years, and to many the oddly dysfunctional sensitivities of polarity items have seemed to support a view of grammar as an encapsulated mental module fundamentally unrelated to other aspects of human cognition or communicative behavior. This book draws on insights from cognitive/functional linguistics and formal semantics to argue that, on the contrary, the grammar of sensitivity is grounded in a very general human cognitive ability to form categories and draw inferences based on scalar alternatives, and in the ways this ability is deployed for rhetorical effects in ordinary interpersonal communication.

Semantics In Language Acquisition

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Author : Kristen Syrett
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2018-08-02

Semantics In Language Acquisition written by Kristen Syrett and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-02 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This volume presents the state of the art of recent research on the acquisition of semantics. Covering topics ranging from infants' initial acquisition of word meaning to the more sophisticated mapping between structure and meaning in the syntax-semantics interface, and the relation between logical content and inferences on language meaning (semantics and pragmatics), the papers in this volume introduce the reader to the variety of ways in which children come to realize that semantic content is encoded in word meaning (for example, in the event semantics of the verbal domain or the scope of logical operators), and at the level of the sentence, which requires the composition of semantic meaning. The authors represent some of the most established and promising researchers in this domain, demonstrating collective expertise in a range of methodologies and topics relevant to the acquisition of semantics. This volume will serve as a valuable resource for students and faculty, and junior and seasoned researchers alike.

Conditionals Paradox And Probability

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Author : Lee Walters
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-02-11

Conditionals Paradox And Probability written by Lee Walters and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-11 with Philosophy categories.

Conditionals, Paradox, and Probability brings together fifteen original essays by experts in philosophy and linguistics. These specially written chapters draw on themes from the work of Dorothy Edgington, the first woman to hold a chair in philosophy at the University of Oxford. The contributors to this volume focus on the key topics to which Edgington has made many important contributions, including conditionals, vagueness, the paradox of knowability, and probability. Their insights will be of interest to philosophers, linguists, and psychologists working in philosophical logic, natural language semantics, and reasoning.