Polarization Effects In Group Iii Nitride Materials And Devices
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Polarization Effects In Group Iii Nitride Materials And Devices
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Author : Qiyuan Wei
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Polarization Effects In Group Iii Nitride Materials And Devices written by Qiyuan Wei and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Nitrides categories.
Group III-nitride semiconductors have wide application in optoelectronic devices. Spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization effects have been found to be critical for electric and optical properties of group III-nitrides. In this dissertation, firstly, the crystal orientation dependence of the polarization is calculated and in-plane polarization is revealed. The in-plane polarization is sensitive to the lateral characteristic dimension determined by the microstructure. Specific semi-polar plane growth is suggested for reducing quantum-confined Stark effect. The macroscopic electrostatic field from the polarization discontinuity in the heterostructures is discussed, b ased on that, the band diagram of InGaN/GaN quantum well/barrier and AlGaN/GaN heterojunction is obtained from the self-consistent solution of Schrodinger and Poisson equations. New device design such as triangular quantum well with the quenched polarization field is proposed. Electron holography in the transmission electron microscopy is used to examine the electrostatic potential under polarization effects. The measured potential energy profiles of heterostructure are compared with the band simulation, and evidences of two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) in a wurtzite AlGaN/ AlN/ GaN superlattice, as well as quasi two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in a zinc-blende AlGaN/GaN are found. The large polarization discontinuity of AlN/GaN is the main source of the 2DHG of wurtzite nitrides, while the impurity introduced during the growth of AlGaN layer provides the donor states that to a great extent balance the free electrons in zinc-blende nitrides. It is also found that the quasi-2DEG concentration in zinc-blende AlGaN/GaN is about one order of magnitude lower than the wurtzite AlGaN/GaN, due to the absence of polarization. Finally, the InAlN/GaN lattice-matched epitaxy, which ideally has a zero piezoelectric polarization and strong spontaneous polarization, is experimentally studied. The breakdown in compositional homogeneity is triggered by threading dislocations with a screw component propagating from the GaN underlayer, which tend to open up into V-grooves at a certain thickness of the InxAl1-xN layer. The V-grooves coalesce at 200 nm and are filled with material that exhibits a significant drop in indium content and a broad luminescence peak. The structural breakdown is due to heterogeneous nucleation and growth at the facets of the V-grooves.
Iii Nitride Materials Devices And Nano Structures
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Author : Feng Zhe Chuan
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2017-04-20
Iii Nitride Materials Devices And Nano Structures written by Feng Zhe Chuan and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Group III-Nitrides semiconductor materials, including GaN, InN, AlN, InGaN, AlGaN and AlInGaN, i.e. (Al, In, Ga)N, are excellent semiconductors, covering the spectral range from deep ultraviolet (DUV) to UV, visible and infrared, with unique properties very suitable for modern electronic and optoelectronic applications. Remarkable breakthroughs have been achieved in recent years for research and development (R&D) in these materials and devices, such as high-power and high brightness UV-blue-green-white light emitting diodes (LEDs), UV-blue-green laser diodes (LDs), photo-detectors and various optoelectronics and electronics devices and applications. The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 was awarded jointly to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura "for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources". Red and green diodes had been invented since 1960s-70s but without blue LED. Despite considerable efforts, the blue LED had remained a challenge for a long time. The success and inventions on GaN-based LEDs were revolutionary and benefiting for mankind. III-Nitrides-based industry has formed and acquired rapid developments over the world. Incandescent light bulbs lit the 20th century and the 21st century will be lit by LED lamps. Before this book, the editor has edited two books, III-Nitride Semiconductor Materials (2006) and III-Nitride Devices and Nanoengineering (2008), both published by ICP/WSP, in the fields of III-Nitride. The developments of these materials and devices are moving rapidly. Many data or knowledge, some even just published only recently, have been modified and needed to be upgraded. This new book, III-Nitride Materials, Devices and Nano-Structures as the third instalment, will cover the rapid new developments and achievements in the III-Nitride fields, particularly those made since 2009. Contents:General:Comprehensive Theoretical and Experimental Studies on III-Nitrides, Doping, Nano-Structures and LEDs (Jinmin Li, Zhiqiang Liu, Xiaoyan Yi and Junxi Wang)Waste Energy Harvesting Using III-Nitride Materials (E Ghafari, E Witkoske, Y Liu, C Zhang, X Jiang, A Bukowski, B Kucukgok, M Lundstrom; I T Ferguson and N Lu)III-Nitride Nanostructures for Intersubband Optoelectronics (C B Lim, A Ajay, J Lähnemann, D A Browne and E Monroy)GaN-Based Photodetectors (Ke Jiang, Xiaojuan Sun, Hang Song and Dabing Li)III-Nitride Materials:Single Crystal AlN: Growth by Modified Physical Vapor Transport and Properties (Honglei Wu and Ruisheng Zheng)Towards Understanding and Control of Nanoscale Phase Segregation in Indium-Gallium-Nitride Alloys (Yohannes Abate, Viktoriia E Babicheva, Vladislav S Yakovlev and Nikolaus Dietz)Investigating Structural and Optical Characteritics of III-Nitride Semiconductor Materials (Yi Liang, Xiaodong Jiang, Devki N Talwar, Liangyu Wan, Gu Xu and Zhe Chuan Feng)III-Nitride Devices and Nano-Structures:III-Nitride Nano-Structures and Improving the Luminescence Efficiency for Quantum Well LEDs (Peng Chen)Fabrication and Characterization of Green Resonant-Cavity Light-Emitting Diodes Prepared by Wafer Transfer Technologies (Shih-Yung Huang and Ray-Hua Horng)Nanotexturing Effects in GaN/InGaN Multi-Quantum-Wells LED Planar Structures (S J Xu)Group III-Nitride Nanostructures for Light-Emitting Devices and Beyond (Je-Hyung Kim, Young-Ho Ko and Yong-Hoon Cho) Readership: Scientists; material growers and evaluators; device design, processing engineers; postgraduate and graduate students in electrical & electronic engineering and materials engineering.
Group Iii Nitride Semiconductor Optoelectronics
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Author : C. Jayant Praharaj
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2023-10-11
Group Iii Nitride Semiconductor Optoelectronics written by C. Jayant Praharaj and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Group III-Nitride Semiconductor Optoelectronics Discover a comprehensive exploration of the foundations and frontiers of the optoelectronics technology of group-III nitrides and their ternary alloys In Group III-Nitride Semiconductor Optoelectronics, expert engineer Dr. C. Jayant Praharaj delivers an insightful overview of the optoelectronic applications of group III-nitride semiconductors. The book covers all relevant aspects of optical emission and detection, including the challenges of optoelectronic integration and a detailed comparison with other material systems. The author discusses band structure and optical properties of III-nitride semiconductors, as well as the properties of their low-dimensional structures. He also describes different optoelectronic systems such as LEDs, lasers, photodetectors, and optoelectronic integrated circuits. Group III-Nitride Semiconductor Optoelectronics covers both the fundamentals of the field and the most cutting-edge discoveries. Chapters provide thorough connections between theory and experimental advances for optoelectronics and photonics. Readers will also benefit from: A thorough introduction to the band structure and optical properties of group III-nitride semiconductors Comprehensive explorations of growth and doping of group III-nitride devices and heterostructures Practical discussions of the optical properties of low dimensional structures in group III- nitrides In-depth examinations of lasers and light-emitting diodes, other light-emitting devices, photodetectors, photovoltaics, and optoelectronic integrated circuits Concise treatments of the quantum optical properties of nitride semiconductor devices Perfect for researchers in electrical engineering, applied physics, and materials science, Group III-Nitride Semiconductor Optoelectronics is also a must-read resource for graduate students and industry practitioners in those fields seeking a state-of-the-art reference on the optoelectronics technology of group III-nitrides.
Iii Nitride Devices And Nanoengineering
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Author : Zhe Chuan Feng
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2008
Iii Nitride Devices And Nanoengineering written by Zhe Chuan Feng and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Devices, nanoscale science and technologies based on GaN and related materials, have achieved great developments in recent years. New GaN-based devices such as UV detectors, fast p-HEMT and microwave devices are developed far more superior than other semiconductor materials-based devices.Written by renowned experts, the review chapters in this book cover the most important topics and achievements in recent years, discuss progress made by different groups, and suggest future directions. Each chapter also describes the basis of theory and experiment.This book is an invaluable resource for device design and processing engineers, material growers and evaluators, postgraduates and scientists as well as newcomers in the GaN field.
Optoelectronic Devices
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Author : M Razeghi
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2004
Optoelectronic Devices written by M Razeghi and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Science categories.
Tremendous progress has been made in the last few years in the growth, doping and processing technologies of the wide bandgap semiconductors. As a result, this class of materials now holds significant promis for semiconductor electronics in a broad range of applications. The principal driver for the current revival of interest in III-V Nitrides is their potential use in high power, high temperature, high frequency and optical devices resistant to radiation damage. This book provides a wide number of optoelectronic applications of III-V nitrides and covers the entire process from growth to devices and applications making it essential reading for those working in the semiconductors or microelectronics. Broad review of optoelectronic applications of III-V nitrides
Iii Nitrides Light Emitting Diodes Technology And Applications
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Author : Jinmin Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-08-31
Iii Nitrides Light Emitting Diodes Technology And Applications written by Jinmin Li and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The book provides an overview of III-nitride-material-based light-emitting diode (LED) technology, from the basic material physics to the latest advances in the field, such as homoepitaxy and heteroepitaxy of the materials on different substrates. It also includes the latest advances in the field, such as approaches to improve quantum efficiency and reliability as well as novel structured LEDs. It explores the concept of material growth, chip structure, packaging, reliability and application of LEDs. With spectra coverage from ultraviolet (UV) to entire visible light wavelength, the III-nitride-material-based LEDs have a broad application potential, and are not just limited to illumination. These novel applications, such as health & medical, visible light communications, fishery and horticulture, are also discussed in the book.
Polarization Effects In Semiconductors
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Author : Debdeep Jena
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008
Polarization Effects In Semiconductors written by Debdeep Jena and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Science categories.
Polarization Effects in Semiconductors: From Ab Initio Theory to Device Applications presents the latest understanding of the solid state physics, electronic implications and practical applications of the unique spontaneous or pyro-electric polarization charge of wurtzite compound semiconductors, and associated piezo-electric effects in strained thin film heterostructures. These heterostructures are used in wide band gap semiconductor based sensors, in addition to various electronic and opto-electronic semiconductor devices. The book covers the ab initio theory of polarization in cubic and hexagonal semiconductors, growth of thin film GaN, GaN/AlGaN GaAlN/ AlGaInN, and other nitrides, and SiC heterostructures. It discusses the effects of spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization on band diagrams and electronic properties of abrupt and compositionally graded heterostructures, electronic characterization of polarization-induced charge distributions by scanning-probe spectroscopies, and gauge factors and strain effects. In addition, polarization in extended defects, piezo-electric strain/charge engineering, and application to device design and processing are covered. The effects of polarization on the fundamental electron transport properties, and on the basic optical transitions are described. The crucial role of polarization in devices such as high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is covered. The chapters are authored by professors and researchers in the fields of physics, applied physics and electrical engineering, who worked for 5 years under the "Polarization Effects in Semiconductors" DOD funded Multi Disciplinary University Research Initiative. This book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers working in the field of wide-bandgap semiconductor physics and their device applications. It will also be useful for practicing engineers in the field of wide-bandgap semiconductor device research and development.
Iii Nitride Semiconductors And Their Modern Devices
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Author : Bernard Gil
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-08-22
Iii Nitride Semiconductors And Their Modern Devices written by Bernard Gil and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-22 with Science categories.
This book is dedicated to GaN and its alloys AlGaInN (III-V nitrides), semiconductors with intrinsic properties well suited for visible and UV light emission and electronic devices working at high temperature, high frequency, and harsh environments. There has been a rapid growth in the industrial activity relating to GaN, with GaN now ranking at the second position (after Si) among all semiconductors. This is mainly thanks to LEDs, but also to the emergence of lasers and high power and high frequency electronics. GaN-related research activities are also diversifying, ranging from advanced optical sources and single electron devices to physical, chemical, and biological sensors, optical detectors, and energy converters. All recent developments of nitrides and of their technology are gathered here in a single volume, with chapters written by world leaders in the field. This third book of the series edited by B. Gil is complementary to the preceding two, and is expected to offer a modern vision of nitrides and of their devices to a large audience of readers.
Iii Nitride Semiconductors
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Author : Hongxing Jiang
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002-07-26
Iii Nitride Semiconductors written by Hongxing Jiang and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-07-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This second part presents a comprehensive overview of fundamental optical properties of the III Nitride Semiconductor. All optoelectronic applications based on III-nitrides are due to their unique optical properties and characterizations of III-nitrides. Much information, which is critical to the design and improvement of optoelectronic devices based on III-nitrides has been obtained in the last several years. This is the second of a two part Volume in the seriesOptoelectronic Properties of Semiconductors and Superlattices. Part II consists of chapters with emphasis on the optical spectroscopy of highly excited group III-nitrides, theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of optical constants of III-nitrides. The remaining five chapters focus on the relationships and properties of GaN and InGaN as relating to III Nitrides. This unique volume provides a comprehensive review and introduction of the defects and structural properties of GaN and related compounds for newcomers to the field and will be a stimulus to further advances for experienced researchers. The chapters contained in this volume constitutes a representative sampling of the broad range of research on nitride semiconductor materials and defect issues currently being pursued in academic, government, and industrial laboratories worldwide.
Polarization Effects In Semiconductors
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Author : Colin Wood
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-10-16
Polarization Effects In Semiconductors written by Colin Wood and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents the latest understanding of the solid physics, electronic implications and practical applications of the unique spontaneous or pyro-electric polarization charge of hexagonal semiconductors, and the piezo-electric effects in thin film hetero-structures which are used in wide forbidden band gap sensor, electronic and opto-electronic semiconductor devices.