Political Science In The Shadow Of The State
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Political Science In The Shadow Of The State
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Author : Rainer Eisfeld
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-07-11
Political Science In The Shadow Of The State written by Rainer Eisfeld and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-11 with Political Science categories.
What is the link between scholarship and democracy? What role do academics play in sustaining democratic values? Why should concerns about the ‘hollowing-out’ of democracy include a focus on the changing governance of higher education? Offering the first comparative analysis of how both democratic and autocratic politicians are seeking to control the research funding landscape, this book reveals a very worrying shift in the relationships between the state and universities: With higher education politically redefined as a mere tool of economic strategy, the space for academic autonomy, intellectual independence and critical thinking is being closed down. This book will be of interest to anyone concerned about democratic governance and the future of higher education.
Political Science In The Shadow Of The State
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Author : Rainer Eisfeld
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Political Science In The Shadow Of The State written by Rainer Eisfeld and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
'This compelling volume literally spans the globe, from North America to Europe and on to the Middle East, as it apprehends how agenda-setting and research support by public authorities can redirect and limit the contours and content of political science. Sharply argued, the essays raise many points of concern'. -Ira I. Katznelson, Ruggles Professor of Political Science and History, Columbia University, USA 'Superbly evocative...A distinguished dissection of a prevalent pattern in contemporary state-scholar relationships, revealed as disquieting in terms of its costs to intellectual freedom and social capital. Also a compassionate appeal in favor of expanding political scientists' topic-driven international cooperation'. -Irmina Matonyte, former President, Lithuanian Political Science Association, Military Academy of Lithuania (Vilnius) 'Political science should be relevant, but this book makes a convincing argument that the state should not be left to define what is relevant. A discipline focused on power and how to control it would do well to reflect and act on the warnings embodied in this work'. -Gerry Stoker, Professor of Governance, University of Southampton, UK What is the link between scholarship and democracy? What role do academics play in sustaining democratic values? Why should concerns about the 'hollowing-out' of democracy include a focus on the changing governance of higher education? Offering the first comparative analysis of how both democratic and autocratic politicians are seeking to control the research funding landscape, this book reveals a very worrying shift in the relationships between the state and universities: With higher education politically redefined as a mere tool of economic strategy, the space for academic autonomy, intellectual independence and critical thinking is being closed down. This book will be of interest to anyone concerned about democratic governance and the future of higher education. Rainer Eisfeld is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Osnabrück University, Germany, and also taught at UCLA as a Visiting Professor. Matthew Flinders is Founding Director of the Sir Bernard Crick Centre and Professor of Politics at the University of Sheffield, UK.
In The Shadow Of Power
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Author : Robert Powell
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-06-16
In The Shadow Of Power written by Robert Powell and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-16 with Political Science categories.
Robert Powell argues persuasively and elegantly for the usefulness of formal models in studying international conflict and for the necessity of greater dialogue between modeling and empirical analysis. Powell makes it clear that many widely made arguments about the way states act under threat do not hold when subjected to the rigors of modeling. In doing so, he provides a more secure foundation for the future of international relations theory. Powell argues that, in the Hobbesian environment in which states exist, a state can respond to a threat in at least three ways: (1) it can reallocate resources already under its control; (2) it can try to defuse the threat through bargaining and compromise; (3) it can try to draw on the resources of other states by allying with them. Powell carefully outlines these three responses and uses a series of game theoretic models to examine each of them, showing that the models make the analysis of these responses more precise than would otherwise be possible. The advantages of the modeling-oriented approach, Powell contends, have been evident in the number of new insights they have made possible in international relations theory. Some argue that these advances could have originated in ordinary-language models, but as Powell notes, they did not in practice do so. The book focuses on the insights and intuitions that emerge during modeling, rather than on technical analysis, making it accessible to readers with only a general background in international relations theory.
In The Shadow Of Justice
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Author : Katrina Forrester
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2021-03-09
In The Shadow Of Justice written by Katrina Forrester and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-09 with Philosophy categories.
"In the Shadow of Justice tells the story of how liberal political philosophy was transformed in the second half of the twentieth century under the influence of John Rawls. In this first-ever history of contemporary liberal theory, Katrina Forrester shows how liberal egalitarianism--a set of ideas about justice, equality, obligation, and the state--became dominant, and traces its emergence from the political and ideological context of the postwar United States and Britain. In the aftermath of the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War, Rawls's A Theory of Justice made a particular kind of liberalism essential to political philosophy. Using archival sources, Forrester explores the ascent and legacy of this form of liberalism by examining its origins in midcentury debates among American antistatists and British egalitarians. She traces the roots of contemporary theories of justice and inequality, civil disobedience, just war, global and intergenerational justice, and population ethics in the 1960s and '70s and beyond. In these years, political philosophers extended, developed, and reshaped this liberalism as they responded to challenges and alternatives on the left and right--from the New International Economic Order to the rise of the New Right. These thinkers remade political philosophy in ways that influenced not only their own trajectory but also that of their critics. Recasting the history of late twentieth-century political thought and providing novel interpretations and fresh perspectives on major political philosophers, In the Shadow of Justice offers a rigorous look at liberalism's ambitions and limits."--
Shadow Politics
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Author : Peter J. Stavrakis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997-12-08
Shadow Politics written by Peter J. Stavrakis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-12-08 with categories.
Assessments of Russia's future possess a lamentable tendency to oscillate between enthusiastic optimism about the development of free market democracy or brooding pessimism concerning the vitality of Russia's absolutist heritage, without providing many durable insights. 1 The goal of this essay is to undertake a more penetrating analysis of a paradox of state power that lies at the heart of future Russian politics. One of the distinguishing features of post-Soviet transition unquestionably has been the political elite's remarkable autonomy of power: as the institutional infrastructure of the old regime collapsed, political elites concentrated on economic reform that later came to resemble economic plunder, leaving an institutional void in many areas of government policy. Russia became, in the words of Robert Jackson, a "quasi-state": endowed with juridical statehood, yet lacking the political will, institutional capacity, and organized authority to protect human rights and provide socioeconomic welfare. 2 The debacle in Chechnya added the shocking realization of the degeneration of Russian military capacity. In contrast to "normal" societies where political power is circumscribed by an institutional framework and the rule of law, the void of the transformation period provided Russian elites a rare opportunity to exercise their power unfettered by such constraints. The result has been to produce a "weak" Russian state in which institutional development occurs only at the whim of the political elite. An oligarchic capitalism has taken hold in Moscow, yet the political calculus remains paramount, state institutions underdeveloped, and the current elite-reformist credentials notwithstanding-lives beyond the reach of the law. This is a curious and perplexing outcome, for Russia has managed not only to endure, but to score some very important reform victories on the path to transformation. How can one explain the apparent paradox of a "weak" state undertaking policies more durable political systems could not implement? Viewed from a comparative perspective, the paradox disappears as Russia's experience bears striking similarities to other developing societies. In essence, the crises of governance and Russian elites' "reform" responses reflect the pattern of political development-or maldevelopment- present in many African states. In the absence of normal state building, Russia's political elites, like their African counterparts, undertook to construct a parallel political authority-a shadow state 3-whose defining characteristic is a corrupt fusion between government and private sector elites that stunts institutional development, survives through predation on productive processes in society, and compels the majority of the population to withdraw from the sphere of legitimate commerce and political activity. The recent attention Russian elites and international financial institutions have directed toward building state capacity has made little progress in the Russian case; nor should this be expected given the current elite's philosophy of governance. According to First Deputy Prime Minister Anatolii Chubais,4 "consolidation of power means establishing a tough dictatorship within the systems of state power . . . . To establish democracy in society requires a dictatorship within the state."5 Parallel to this haunting echo of Leninist zeal has been an approach to budget reform that is a polar opposite of the vision encouraged by the World Bank in its 1997 World Development Report. While the Bank has urged the creation of transparent state institutions that provide, among other things, investment in basic social services and infrastructure, and a comprehensive social safety net, Yeltsin, Chubais, and Boris Nemtsov have lobbied for a 1997 budget that inflicts maximum damage on the Russian government's ability to pursue these objectives.
In The Shadow Of The Garrison State
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Author : Aaron L. Friedberg
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2012-01-06
In The Shadow Of The Garrison State written by Aaron L. Friedberg and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-06 with Political Science categories.
War--or the threat of war--usually strengthens states as governments tax, draft soldiers, exert control over industrial production, and dampen internal dissent in order to build military might. The United States, however, was founded on the suspicion of state power, a suspicion that continued to gird its institutional architecture and inform the sentiments of many of its politicians and citizens through the twentieth century. In this comprehensive rethinking of postwar political history, Aaron Friedberg convincingly argues that such anti-statist inclinations prevented Cold War anxieties from transforming the United States into the garrison state it might have become in their absence. Drawing on an array of primary and secondary sources, including newly available archival materials, Friedberg concludes that the "weakness" of the American state served as a profound source of national strength that allowed the United States to outperform and outlast its supremely centralized and statist rival: the Soviet Union. Friedberg's analysis of the U. S. government's approach to taxation, conscription, industrial planning, scientific research and development, and armaments manufacturing reveals that the American state did expand during the early Cold War period. But domestic constraints on its expansion--including those stemming from mean self-interest as well as those guided by a principled belief in the virtues of limiting federal power--protected economic vitality, technological superiority, and public support for Cold War activities. The strategic synthesis that emerged by the early 1960s was functional as well as stable, enabling the United States to deter, contain, and ultimately outlive the Soviet Union precisely because the American state did not limit unduly the political, personal, and economic freedom of its citizens. Political scientists, historians, and general readers interested in Cold War history will value this thoroughly researched volume. Friedberg's insightful scholarship will also inspire future policy by contributing to our understanding of how liberal democracy's inherent qualities nurture its survival and spread.
Shadow State
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Author : Ivor Chipkin
language : en
Publisher: NYU Press
Release Date : 2018-10-01
Shadow State written by Ivor Chipkin and has been published by NYU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-01 with Political Science categories.
A powerful analysis of events that helped galvanise resistance across civil society. The 2017 publication of Betrayal of the Promise, the report that detailed the systematic nature of state capture, marked a key moment in South Africa’s most recent struggle for democracy. In the face of growing evidence of corruption and of the weakening of state and democratic institutions, it provided, for the first time, a powerful analysis of events that helped galvanise resistance within the Tripartite Alliance and across civil society.Working often secretly, the authors consolidated, for the first time, large amounts of evidence from a variety of sources. They showed that the Jacob Zuma administration was not simply a criminal network but part of an audacious political project to break the hold of whites and white business on the economy and to create a new class of black industrialists. State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) such as Eskom and Transnet were central to these plans. The report introduced a whole new language to discuss state capture, showing how SOEs were ‘repurposed’, how political power was shifting away from constitutional bodies to ‘kitchen cabinets’, and how a ‘shadow state’ at odds with the country’s constitutional framework was being built. Shadow State is an updated version of the original, explosive report that changed South Africa’s recent history.
A Dictionary Of African Politics
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Author : Nicholas Cheeseman
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-02-21
A Dictionary Of African Politics written by Nicholas Cheeseman and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-21 with Political Science categories.
With over 400 A-Z entries, this new dictionary provides clear and authoritative definitions of terms within the fast-growing field of African Politics. It includes coverage on elections, parties and judiciaries, but also popular protest, gender-relations, the politics of development, and Africa's international relations. Entries comprise of major events and figures within African Politics, including the East African Community and independance, as well as covering key terms of particular relevance to Africa such as neopatrimonialism, queue voting, and post-conflict power sharing. Written by a world-leading political scientist working on the area of African politics, this dictionary is an essential guide for both undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as academics, journalists, and researchers working on African politics alike.
In The Shadow Of China
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Author : Steve Yui-Sang Tsang
language : en
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
Release Date : 1993-01-01
In The Shadow Of China written by Steve Yui-Sang Tsang and has been published by University of Hawaii Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-01-01 with Political Science categories.
Taiwan is still seen by many as an oriental military dictatorship, tainted by the imposition of a Kuomintang party-state which had lost the civil war in China to the Communists in 1949. And Taiwanese politics are often regarded as peripheral to the study of modern China. Yet exciting political developments have taken place since the mid-1980s; Taiwan has emerged from dictatorship to become, in the early 1990s, a state with an increasingly democratic orientation. When, in the late 1950s, the Kuomintang under Chiang Kai-shek settled down in Taiwan and accepted that it was unlikely to recover the Chinese mainland by force, it turned to "soft authoritarianism". But in 1986 Chiang Ching-kuo, then President, made the fateful decision to end the long-standing ban on an effective opposition. Taiwan still has some way to go, but in the general election of December 1991 it passed the point of no return to become a democracy of a kind recognisable in the West, thus challenging earlier assumptions that liberal democracy and Chinese culture are incompatible. It also raises the question whether the Kuomintang party-state's experience over four decades in accommodating socio-economic changes in Taiwan holds any lessons for the Communist party-state across the Straits. Taiwan's move to a prosperous, stable and increasingly democratic system under ethnic Chinese rule must present a challenge to the leadership on the Mainland and serve as a model for many people there. These important issues highlight the need for closer study of Taiwan, which needless to say is an important subject of study in its own right. This volume has been written to meet this need, and at the same time to disperse out-of-date conceptions still prevailing. It is an international collaborative effort by the world's leading specialists on various aspects of Taiwan's political development, from Taiwan itself and several other countries.
In The Shadow Of Violence
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Author : Douglass C. North
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013
In The Shadow Of Violence written by Douglass C. North and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Business & Economics categories.
This book explains how political control of economic privileges is used to limit violence and coordinate coalitions of powerful organizations.