Politics Of Preference
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The Politics Of Preference
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
The Politics Of Preference written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Sunita Parikh examines the history and fate of affirmative action programs in two ethnically heterogeneous democracies, the United States and India. Affirmative action programs in the United States represent a controversial policy about which the American public feel at best ambivalence and at worst hostility, while in India the expansion of reservation policies in recent years has led to riots and contributed to the fall of governments. And yet these policies were not particularly controversial when they were introduced. How the policy traveled from these auspicious beginnings to its current predicament can best be understood, according to Parikh, by exploring the changing political conditions under which it was introduced, expanded, and then challenged. Although they are in many respects very different countries, India and the United States are important countries in which to study the implementation of ascriptive policies like affirmative action, according to Parikh. They are both large, heterogeneous societies with democratic political systems in which previously excluded groups were granted benefits by the majorities that had historically oppressed them. Parikh argues that these policies were the product of democratic politics--which required political parties to mobilize existing groups as voters--and the ethnically heterogeneous nature of Indian and U.S. society--where ethnic markers are particularly salient sources of identification as groups. Affirmative action in both countries was introduced because it could be used to solidify and expand electoral coalitions by giving benefits to defined minority groups, according to Parikh. As the policy became better known, it became more disliked by non-targeted groups, and it was no longer an appeal which was cost free for politicians. This book will be of interest to social scientists concerned with race and ethnic relations and with the comparative study of political and social systems. Sunita Parikh is Assistant Professor of Political Science, Columbia University.
The Politics Of Preference
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Author : Sunita Parikh
language : en
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Release Date : 1997-01-27
The Politics Of Preference written by Sunita Parikh and has been published by University of Michigan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-01-27 with Business & Economics categories.
DIVExamines the history of affirmative action programs in two ethnically heterogeneous democracies, India and the United States /div
Democracy And Decision
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Author : Geoffrey Brennan
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1997-03-13
Democracy And Decision written by Geoffrey Brennan and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-03-13 with Business & Economics categories.
"The significance of this account should be clear. If, as economists frequently assert, proper diagnosis of the disease is a crucial prerequisite to treatment, then the design of appropriate democratic institutions depends critically on a coherent analysis of the way the electoral process works and the perversities to which it is prone. The claim is that the interest-based account incorrectly diagnoses the disease. Accordingly, this book ends with an account of the institutional protections that go with expressive voting."--BOOK JACKET.
Positive Political Theory I
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Author : David Austen-Smith
language : en
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Release Date : 2000-12-27
Positive Political Theory I written by David Austen-Smith and has been published by University of Michigan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-12-27 with Business & Economics categories.
A definitive, comprehensive, and analytically sophisticated treatment of the theory of collective preference
Collective Preferences In Democratic Politics
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Author : Scott L. Althaus
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-09-08
Collective Preferences In Democratic Politics written by Scott L. Althaus and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-08 with Political Science categories.
Since so few people appear knowledgeable about public affairs, one might question whether collective policy preferences revealed in opinion surveys accurately convey the distribution of voices and interests in a society. This study, the first comprehensive treatment of the relationship between knowledge, representation, and political equality in opinion surveys, suggests some surprising answers. Knowledge does matter, and the way it is distributed in society can cause collective preferences to reflect disproportionately the opinions of some groups more than others. Sometimes collective preferences seem to represent something like the will of the people, but frequently they do not. Sometimes they rigidly enforce political equality in the expression of political viewpoints, but often they do not. The primary culprit is not any inherent shortcoming in the methods of survey research. Rather, it is the limited degree of knowledge held by ordinary citizens about public affairs. Accounting for these factors can help survey researchers, journalists, politicians, and concerned citizens better appreciate the pitfalls and possibilities for using opinion polls to represent the people s voice.
Politics Of Preference
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Author : Krishna K. Tummala, Ph.D
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-07-25
Politics Of Preference written by Krishna K. Tummala, Ph.D and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-25 with Business & Economics categories.
Minorities, based on whatever criteria—linguistic, religious, ethnic, tribal, racial, or otherwise—share a distinctive contextual and social experience. Their representation in public service is important, especially when there have been public policies which have historically discriminated against them. Politics of Preference: India, United States, and South Africa discusses the importance of offsetting past discrimination in an attempt at bringing all citizens in as active participants of their representative bureaucracies. The author, a distinguished public administration comparativist, brings together the uniquely large and complex cases of United States, India, and South Africa. In a penetrating analysis of the use of preference in the public sector, the book examines three profoundly different countries—India, the United States, and South Africa — as they handle the challenge of integrating several different minorities into public service. The author chose these three countries—the most populous, the oldest, and the more nascent, yet each with a history of its own that led to equal employment and other governmental policies. While there is a sprinkling of literature that examines this issue from a comparative perspective, no one seems to have studied these three diverse nations and explored not only their differences but their similarities. The author of this book takes the view that it is not enough to study the environment but also explicate the context for a public policy. He provides a comprehensive study that does just that.
Following Their Leaders
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Author : Randall G. Holcombe
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2023-03-31
Following Their Leaders written by Randall G. Holcombe and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-31 with Political Science categories.
The political preferences of citizens and voters are derived from those offered to them by the political elite.
Preferences And Democracy
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Author : Alb. Breton
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Preferences And Democracy written by Alb. Breton and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Political Science categories.
I. Until about a dozen years ago, the economic analysis of the relationship between political preferences and political demands was a rather straightforward, if dull, subject. The most common assumption was that the only political instrument available to citizens was the vote. Given this assumption, the analyst could express the outcome of the voting process in one of two ways. One possibility was to make the heroic assumptions necessary to obtain the median voter theorem, in which case, the political demands of the citizenry are simply the preferences of the median voter. The alternative was to make Arrow's Impossibility Theorem in which case even though individual preferences are well ordered, no collective preference function exists. On either of these approaches, institutions such as interest groups, political parties, or the structures ofpolitical representation played no role in the analysis. The work of "Chicago" scholars especially George Stigler, Gary Becker and Sam Peltzman took a different approach and emphasized the importanceoforganizationinmakingpoliticaldemandseffective, shifting thefocus from voting topolitical "pressure" byinterestgroups. However, in these models, voting as an instrument of political action simply disappears and the relationship between interest group pressures and electoral processes has never been clarified.
Organizing Democratic Choice
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Author : Ian Budge
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-06-28
Organizing Democratic Choice written by Ian Budge and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-28 with Political Science categories.
This bold venture into democratic theory offers a new and reinvigorating thesis for how democracy delivers on its promise of public control over public policy. In theory, popular control could be achieved through a process entirely driven by supply-side politics, with omniscient and strategic political parties converging on the median voter's policy preference at every turn. However, this would imply that there would be no distinguishable political parties (or even any reason for parties to exist) and no choice for a public to make. The more realistic view taken here portrays democracy as an ongoing series of give and take between political parties' policy supply and a mass public's policy demand. Political parties organize democratic choices as divergent policy alternatives, none of which is likely to satisfy the public's policy preferences at any one turn. While the one-off, short-run consequence of a single election often results in differences between the policies that parliaments and governments pursue and the preferences their publics hold, the authors construct theoretical arguments, employ computer simulations, and follow up with empirical analysis to show how, why, and under what conditions democratic representation reveals itself over time. Democracy, viewed as a process rather than a single electoral event, can and usually does forge strong and congruent linkages between a public and its government. This original thesis offers a challenge to democratic pessimists who would have everyone believe that neither political parties nor mass publics are up to the tasks that democracy assigns them. Comparative Politics is a series for students, teachers, and researchers of political science that deals with contemporary government and politics. Global in scope, books in the series are characterised by a stress on comparative analysis and strong methodological rigour. The series is published in association with the European Consortium for Political Research. For more information visit: www.ecprnet.eu The Comparative Politics series is edited by Professor David M. Farrell, School of Politics and International Relations, University College Dublin, Kenneth Carty, Professor of Political Science, University of British Columbia, and Professor Dirk Berg-Schlosser, Institute of Political Science, Philipps University, Marburg.
Preferences Institutions And Rational Choice
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Author : Keith M. Dowding
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Preferences Institutions And Rational Choice written by Keith M. Dowding and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Education categories.
Rational choice theory has gained considerable influence in politics and sociology over the past thirty years; the use of rational choice methods has proliferated in all areas of social inquiry. From the early days of formal proofs and unrealistic assumptions, rational choice is increasingly being used to model authentic situations and institutions. The collection of essays from leading British writers in the rational choice paradigm concentrates upon the two key aspects of rational choice: the role of preferences and institutions.