Polyandry And Wife Selling In Qing Dynasty China
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Polyandry And Wife Selling In Qing Dynasty China
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Author : Matthew H. Sommer
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2015-09-15
Polyandry And Wife Selling In Qing Dynasty China written by Matthew H. Sommer and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-15 with History categories.
Polyandry. "Getting a husband to support a husband." Attitudes of families, communities, and women toward polyandry. The intermediate range of practice -- Wife-selling. Anatomy of a wife sale. Analysis of prices in wife sales. Negotiations between men in wife sales. Wives, natal families, and children. Four variations on a theme -- Polyandry and wife-selling in Qing law. Formal law and central court interpretation from Ming through high Qing. Absolutism versus pragmatism in central court treatment of wife sales. Flexible adjudication of routine cases in the local courts.
Polyandry And Wife Selling In Qing Dynasty China
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Author : Matthew H. Sommer
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2015-09-15
Polyandry And Wife Selling In Qing Dynasty China written by Matthew H. Sommer and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-15 with History categories.
This book is a study of polyandry, wife-selling, and a variety of related practices in China during the Qing dynasty (1644-1912). By analyzing over 1200 legal cases from local and central court archives, Matthew Sommer explores the functions played by marriage, sex, and reproduction in the survival strategies of the rural poor under conditions of overpopulation, worsening sex ratios, and shrinking farm sizes. Polyandry and wife-selling represented opposite ends of a spectrum of strategies. At one end, polyandry was a means to keep the family together by expanding it. A woman would bring in a second husband in exchange for his help supporting her family. In contrast, wife sale was a means to survive by breaking up a family: a husband would secure an emergency infusion of cash while his wife would escape poverty and secure a fresh start with another man. Even though Qing law prohibited both practices under the rubric "illicit sexual relations," Sommer shows how magistrates charged with propagating and enforcing a fundamentalist Confucian vision of female chastity tried to cope with their social reality in the face of daunting poverty. This contradiction illuminates both the pragmatism of routine adjudication and the increasingly dysfunctional nature of the dynastic state in the face of mounting social crisis. By casting a spotlight on the rural poor and the experiences of both men and women, Sommer provides an alternative to the standard paradigms of women’s history that have long dominated scholarship on gender and sexuality in late imperial China.
Sold People
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Author : Johanna S. Ransmeier
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2017-03-20
Sold People written by Johanna S. Ransmeier and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-20 with History categories.
Trade in human lives thrived in North China during the Qing and Republican periods. Families at all social levels participated in buying servants, slaves, concubines, or children and disposing of unwanted household members. Johanna Ransmeier shows that these commonplace transactions built and restructured families as often as it broke them apart.
Sex Law And Society In Late Imperial China
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Author : Matthew Harvey Sommer
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2000
Sex Law And Society In Late Imperial China written by Matthew Harvey Sommer and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Social Science categories.
This study of the regulation of sexuality in the Qing dynasty explores the social context for sexual behavior criminalized by the state, showing how regulation shifted away from status to a new regime of gender that mandated a uniform standard of sexual morality and criminal liability for all people, regardless of their social status.
The Fox Spirit The Stone Maiden And Other Transgender Histories From Late Imperial China
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Author : Matthew H. Sommer
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2024-03-19
The Fox Spirit The Stone Maiden And Other Transgender Histories From Late Imperial China written by Matthew H. Sommer and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-19 with History categories.
In imperial China, people moved away from the gender they were assigned at birth in different ways and for many reasons. Eunuchs, boy actresses, and clergy left behind normative gender roles defined by family and procreation. “Stone maidens”—women deemed physically incapable of vaginal intercourse—might depart from families or marriages to become Buddhist or Daoist nuns. Anatomical males who presented as women sometimes took a conventionally female occupation such as midwife, faith healer, or even medium to a fox spirit. Yet they were often punished harshly for the crime of “masquerading in women’s attire,” suspected of sexual predation, even when they had lived peacefully in their communities for many years. Exploring these histories and many more, this book is a groundbreaking study of transgender lives and practices in late imperial China. Through close readings of court cases, as well as Ming and Qing fiction and nineteenth-century newspaper accounts, Matthew H. Sommer examines the social, legal, and cultural histories of gender crossing. He considers a range of transgender experiences, illuminating how certain forms of gender transgression were sanctioned in particular social contexts and penalized in others. Sommer scrutinizes the ways Qing legal authorities and literati writers represented and understood gender-nonconforming people and practices, contrasting official ideology with popular mentalities. An unprecedented account of China’s transgender histories, this book also sheds new light on a range of themes in Ming and Qing law, religion, medicine, literature, and culture.
Education And Society In Late Imperial China 1600 1900
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Author : Benjamin A. Elman
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2023-11-15
Education And Society In Late Imperial China 1600 1900 written by Benjamin A. Elman and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-15 with History categories.
This comprehensive volume integrates the history of late imperial China with the history of education over three centuries, revealing the significance of education in Chinese social, political, and intellectual life. A collaboration between social and intellectual historians, these fifteen essays provide the most wide-ranging study in English on China's education in the centuries before the modern revolution.
A Cultural History Of Civil Examinations In Late Imperial China
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Author : Benjamin A. Elman
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2000-03-22
A Cultural History Of Civil Examinations In Late Imperial China written by Benjamin A. Elman and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-03-22 with History categories.
In this multidimensional analysis, Benjamin A. Elman uses over a thousand newly available examination records from the Yuan, Ming, and Ch'ing dynasties, 1315-1904, to explore the social, political, and cultural dimensions of the civil examination system, one of the most important institutions in Chinese history. For over five hundred years, the most important positions within the dynastic government were usually filled through these difficult examinations, and every other year some one to two million people from all levels of society attempted them. Covering the late imperial system from its inception to its demise, Elman revises our previous understanding of how the system actually worked, including its political and cultural machinery, the unforeseen consequences when it was unceremoniously scrapped by modernist reformers, and its long-term historical legacy. He argues that the Ming-Ch'ing civil examinations from 1370 to 1904 represented a substantial break with T'ang-Sung dynasty literary examinations from 650 to 1250. Late imperial examinations also made "Tao Learning," Neo-Confucian learning, the dynastic orthodoxy in official life and in literati culture. The intersections between elite social life, popular culture, and religion that are also considered reveal the full scope of the examination process throughout the late empire.
Marriage And Inequality In Chinese Society
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Author : Rubie S. Watson
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1991-04-02
Marriage And Inequality In Chinese Society written by Rubie S. Watson and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-04-02 with History categories.
Until now our understanding of marriage in China has been based primarily on observations made during the twentieth century. The research of ten eminent scholars presented here provides a new vision of marriage in Chinese history, exploring the complex interplay between marriage and the social, political, economic, and gender inequalities that have so characterized Chinese society.
Reproducing Women
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Author : Yi-Li Wu
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2010-08-11
Reproducing Women written by Yi-Li Wu and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-11 with History categories.
This innovative book uses the lens of cultural history to examine the development of medicine in Qing dynasty China. Focusing on the specialty of "medicine for women"(fuke), Yi-Li Wu explores the material and ideological issues associated with childbearing in the late imperial period. She draws on a rich array of medical writings that circulated in seventeenth- to nineteenth-century China to analyze the points of convergence and contention that shaped people's views of women's reproductive diseases. These points of contention touched on fundamental issues: How different were women's bodies from men's? What drugs were best for promoting conception and preventing miscarriage? Was childbirth inherently dangerous? And who was best qualified to judge? Wu shows that late imperial medicine approached these questions with a new, positive perspective.
A Translucent Mirror
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Author : Pamela Kyle Crossley
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2002-04-16
A Translucent Mirror written by Pamela Kyle Crossley and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-04-16 with History categories.
A Translucent Mirror explores the origins of nationalism and cultural identity in China, revealing how the Qing dynasty incorporated neighbouring but disparate political traditions into a new style of imperialism.