Potential Of Water Injection For Gasoline Engines By Means Of A 3d Cfd Virtual Test Bench
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Potential Of Water Injection For Gasoline Engines By Means Of A 3d Cfd Virtual Test Bench
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Author : Antonino Vacca
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-12-15
Potential Of Water Injection For Gasoline Engines By Means Of A 3d Cfd Virtual Test Bench written by Antonino Vacca and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Water injection is one of the most promising technologies to improve the engine combustion efficiency, by mitigating knock occurrences and controlling exhaust gas temperature before turbine. As result, the engine can operate at stoichiometric conditions over the whole engine map, even during the more power-demanding RDE cycles. Antonino Vacca presents a methodology to study and optimize the effect of water injection for gasoline engines by investigating different engine layouts and injection strategies through the set-up of a 3D-CFD virtual test bench. He investigates indirect and direct water injection strategies to increase the engine knock limit and to reduce exhaust gas temperature for several operating points.
Investigation Of Innovative Water Injection Strategies For Gasoline Engines By Means Of A 3d Cfd Virtual Engine Test Bench
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Author : Edoardo Rossi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Vieweg
Release Date : 2024-07-02
Investigation Of Innovative Water Injection Strategies For Gasoline Engines By Means Of A 3d Cfd Virtual Engine Test Bench written by Edoardo Rossi and has been published by Springer Vieweg this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book focuses on the investigation of innovative engine technologies that can improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines and reduce their environmental impact. In particular, water injection is examined as a means of improving engine behavior. The possible combination of water injection with renewable fuels is also a topic of the book. The results of this experimental and numerical research show positive results that can be used for further research and development of engines.
Emission Reduction With An Alternative Diesel Combustion Process
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Author : Marvin Sascha Wahl
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-07-29
Emission Reduction With An Alternative Diesel Combustion Process written by Marvin Sascha Wahl and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Marvin Sascha Wahl presents the possibilities for optimising diesel engine combustion. In the advanced process of partially premixed diesel combustion, nitrogen oxide and soot emissions can be minimised at the same time. A new feature is the possibility of applying this strategy up to 2000 revolutions and 10 bar indicated mean pressure. In this work, various effective parameters are also compared and correlated with each other. A final comparison with conventional diesel combustion shows the advantages and disadvantages and evaluates them.
A Simulative Approach To Predict Energy Consumption Of Future Powertrain Configurations For The Year 2040
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Author : Tobias Stoll
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-07-29
A Simulative Approach To Predict Energy Consumption Of Future Powertrain Configurations For The Year 2040 written by Tobias Stoll and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book deals with the simulative prediction of efficiency and CO2-emissions of future powertrain systems for the year 2040. For this purpose, a suitable simulation environment is first created. This is followed by a technology extrapolation of all relevant powertrain systems, for example: combustion engines, electric drives, fuel cells as well as all relevant additional components. These components are then used to build 57 vehicle variants for the simulation. Finally, extensive simulations of the vehicle variants are carried out, evaluated and compared. Comprehensive tables of results are available for all simulated vehicle variants. The evaluations are of interest to anyone concerned with energy consumption and CO2-emissions of future vehicles.
Spannungsfeld Fahrzeugantriebe Gedenkschrift F R Prof Dr Ing Roland Baar
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Author : Salomon, Alexander
language : de
Publisher: Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin
Release Date : 2020-02-11
Spannungsfeld Fahrzeugantriebe Gedenkschrift F R Prof Dr Ing Roland Baar written by Salomon, Alexander and has been published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Roland Baar, Head of the department of Powertrain Technologies at Technische Universität Berlin, unfortunately deceased on 23 June 2018. Professor Roland Baar rendered an outstanding service to the science of powertrain technologies, especially in the field of turbocharging. His enthusiasm and determination were both a professional and a personal inspiration to everyone who worked with him. To continue Roland Baar’s work, his business and academic colleagues dedicate this collection of scientific papers to his memory. The articles in this memorial publication cover different aspects of powertrain technology research. This topic plays an important part in the current public debate on climate protection, air pollution control and sustainability. The first articles of this book deal with the market situation and the general framework for research and development of powertrains. This lays the foundation for more technical topics. The following articles are concerned with the growing trend of powertrain electrification. They discuss the numeric modeling of alternative drivetrains and the energetic assessment of different powertrain concepts, such as hybrid drives and fuel cells. One of the central topics in this book is the combustion engine, which encompasses both the diesel and the gasoline engine. For instance, the injection of water into gasoline engines is covered extensively as a method to raise the thermodynamic efficiency. Furthermore, there are articles on innovative injection concepts for diesel engines as well as on the use of alternative, regenerative fuels for combustion engines. Many of the articles address the subject of turbocharging of combustion engines, which was a major research topic of Roland Baar. In the present book, a special focus is on the analysis of energy flows and the possibilities of a better modeling of charging units in numerical simulations. The last part of the book contains articles on novel aftertreatments of exhaust gases to reduce pollutant emissions as well as on experimental methods in this field. Am 23. Juni 2018 verstarb Prof. Dr.-Ing. Roland Baar, Leiter des Fachgebiets Fahrzeugantriebe der Technischen Universität Berlin. Roland Baar hat sich insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der Aufladung von Verbrennungsmotoren verdient gemacht und brachte darüber hinaus die Forschung rund um den Fahrzeugantrieb voran. Mit seiner Energie und seiner Entschlossenheit war er für alle, die mit ihm arbeiteten, sowohl fachlich als auch persönlich stets eine Inspiration. Um seine Arbeit fortzuführen, haben seine beruflichen und akademischen Weggefährtinnen und -gefährten ihm sowie seinen Forschungsthemen deshalb diesen Band gewidmet. In dieser Gedenkschrift sind Beiträge versammelt, die sich dem Forschungsfeld Fahrzeugantriebe widmen. Dieses Themengebiet steht auf Grund der aktuellen Fragestellungen hinsichtlich Klimaschonung, Luftreinhaltung und Nachhaltigkeit im Fokus der gesellschaftlichen Debatte. Darstellungen der Marktsituation und der sich daraus ableitenden Randbedingungen für die Erforschung und Entwicklung künftiger Fahrzeugantriebe bilden die Grundlage für die folgenden technischen Themen. Der zunehmende Trend der Elektrifizierung des Antriebsstrangs wird in verschiedenen Beiträgen behandelt. Hier werden die numerische Modellierung alternativer Antriebe sowie die energetische Bewertung verschiedener Antriebskonzepte wie etwa elektro-hybride Antriebe sowie Brennstoffzellenanwendungen diskutiert. Ein Schwerpunkt des Buches ist die diesel- und die ottomotorische Verbrennung. So wird beispielsweise die Wassereinspritzung für Ottomotoren zur Steigerung des thermodynamischen Wirkungsgrades ausführlich behandelt. Ebenso finden innovative Einspritzkonzepte für Dieselmotoren sowie der Einsatz alternativer, regenerativer Kraftstoffe für Verbrennungsmotoren Beachtung. Ein wesentlicher Anteil der Beiträge ist der Aufladung von Verbrennungsmotoren gewidmet – ein Kernthema der Arbeit von Roland Baar. Insbesondere das Verständnis der Energieströme sowie eine Möglichkeit einer verbesserten Modellierung des Aufladeaggregats für die numerische Simulation werden beleuchtet. Weitere Beiträge decken zusätzlich den Bereich neuartiger Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme zur Reduzierung der Schadstoffemissionen sowie experimentelle Methoden zur deren Untersuchung ab.
Analysis Of Injection Processes In An Innovative 3d Cfd Tool For The Simulation Of Internal Combustion Engines
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Author : Marlene Wentsch
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-05-16
Analysis Of Injection Processes In An Innovative 3d Cfd Tool For The Simulation Of Internal Combustion Engines written by Marlene Wentsch and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Due to the large number of influencing parameters and interactions, the fuel injection and therewith fuel propagation and distribution are among the most complex processes in an internal combustion engine. For this reason, injection is usually the subject to highly detailed numerical modeling, which leads to unacceptably high computing times in the 3D-CFD simulation of a full engine domain. Marlene Wentsch presents a critical analysis, optimization and extension of injection modeling in an innovative, fast response 3D-CFD tool that is exclusively dedicated to the virtual development of internal combustion engines. About the Author Marlene Wentsch works as research associate in the field of 3D-CFD simulations of injection processes at the Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering (IVK), University of Stuttgart, Germany.
Modeling Of End Gas Autoignition For Knock Prediction In Gasoline Engines
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Author : Andreas Manz
language : en
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Release Date : 2016-08-18
Modeling Of End Gas Autoignition For Knock Prediction In Gasoline Engines written by Andreas Manz and has been published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-18 with Science categories.
Downsizing of modern gasoline engines with direct injection is a key concept for achieving future CO22 emission targets. However, high power densities and optimum efficiency are limited by an uncontrolled autoignition of the unburned air-fuel mixture, the so-called spark knock phenomena. By a combination of three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (3D-CFD) and experiments incorporating optical diagnostics, this work presents an integral approach for predicting combustion and autoignition in Spark Ignition (SI) engines. The turbulent premixed combustion and flame front propagation in 3D-CFD is modeled with the G-equation combustion model, i.e. a laminar flamelet approach, in combination with the level set method. Autoignition in the unburned gas zone is modeled with the Shell model based on reduced chemical reactions using optimized reaction rate coefficients for different octane numbers (ON) as well as engine relevant pressures, temperatures and EGR rates. The basic functionality and sensitivities of improved sub-models, e.g. laminar flame speed, are proven in simplified test cases followed by adequate engine test cases. It is shown that the G-equation combustion model performs well even on unstructured grids with polyhedral cells and coarse grid resolution. The validation of the knock model with respect to temporal and spatial knock onset is done with fiber optical spark plug measurements and statistical evaluation of individual knocking cycles with a frequency based pressure analysis. The results show a good correlation with the Shell autoignition relevant species in the simulation. The combined model approach with G-equation and Shell autoignition in an active formulation enables a realistic representation of thin flame fronts and hence the thermodynamic conditions prior to knocking by taking into account the ignition chemistry in unburned gas, temperature fluctuations and self-acceleration effects due to pre-reactions. By the modeling approach and simulation methodology presented in this work the overall predictive capability for the virtual development of future knockproof SI engines is improved.
Common Rail System For Gdi Engines
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Author : Giovanni Fiengo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-11-02
Common Rail System For Gdi Engines written by Giovanni Fiengo and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Progressive reductions in vehicle emission requirements have forced the automotive industry to invest in research and development of alternative control strategies. Continual control action exerted by a dedicated electronic control unit ensures that best performance in terms of pollutant emissions and power density is married with driveability and diagnostics. Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine technology is a way to attain these goals. This brief describes the functioning of a GDI engine equipped with a common rail (CR) system, and the devices necessary to run test-bench experiments in detail. The text should prove instructive to researchers in engine control and students are recommended to this brief as their first approach to this technology. Later chapters of the brief relate an innovative strategy designed to assist with the engine management system; injection pressure regulation for fuel pressure stabilization in the CR fuel line is proposed and validated by experiment. The resulting control scheme is composed of a feedback integral action and a static model-based feed-forward action, the gains of which are scheduled as a function of fundamental plant parameters. The tuning of closed-loop performance is supported by an analysis of the phase-margin and the sensitivity function. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the control algorithm in regulating the mean-value rail pressure independently from engine working conditions (engine speed and time of injection) with limited design effort.
Mixture Formation In Internal Combustion Engines
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Author : Carsten Baumgarten
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-09-28
Mixture Formation In Internal Combustion Engines written by Carsten Baumgarten and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A systematic control of mixture formation with modern high-pressure injection systems enables us to achieve considerable improvements of the combustion pr- ess in terms of reduced fuel consumption and engine-out raw emissions. However, because of the growing number of free parameters due to more flexible injection systems, variable valve trains, the application of different combustion concepts within different regions of the engine map, etc., the prediction of spray and m- ture formation becomes increasingly complex. For this reason, the optimization of the in-cylinder processes using 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) becomes increasingly important. In these CFD codes, the detailed modeling of spray and mixture formation is a prerequisite for the correct calculation of the subsequent processes like ignition, combustion and formation of emissions. Although such simulation tools can be viewed as standard tools today, the predictive quality of the sub-models is c- stantly enhanced by a more accurate and detailed modeling of the relevant pr- esses, and by the inclusion of new important mechanisms and effects that come along with the development of new injection systems and have not been cons- ered so far. In this book the most widely used mathematical models for the simulation of spray and mixture formation in 3D CFD calculations are described and discussed. In order to give the reader an introduction into the complex processes, the book starts with a description of the fundamental mechanisms and categories of fuel - jection, spray break-up, and mixture formation in internal combustion engines.
Simulation Of A Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine With Cryogenic Mixture Formation
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Author : Simon Ellgas
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2008-02-25
Simulation Of A Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine With Cryogenic Mixture Formation written by Simon Ellgas and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
It is generally accepted that the worldwide change of the climate is caused by the manmade emissions of the greenhouse gas CO2. For this reason the development of new technologies for propulsion aims at the reduction of the CO2-emissions. Using hydrogen as an energy carrier offers the possibility to produce the fuel for vehicles from renewable energy sources, thus avoiding the emission of CO2 completely. The on-board storage of liquid hydrogen at very low(cryogenic) temperatures offers currently the best basis to achieve acceptable cruising ranges of hydrogen vehicles. The consistent utilisation of the cold hydrogen using cryogenic mixture formation offers unique opportunities for the optimisation of a combustion engine with regard to power and efficiency. To fully exploit the potential of this promising mixture formation strategy, the usage of modern simulation techniques is necessary. In the course of this thesis, 1D and 3D computational fluid dynamic simulation tools were brought to a serviceable state ready for the optimisation of a hydrogen engine with cryogenic mixture formation. The simulation of the mixing and the combustion with novel models, adapted for hydrogen engine simulations, was verified by comparison to engine test bench results and optical experiments. Careful model and mesh studies have been performed. The ability of a Turbulent Flame Speed Closure (TFC) combustion model to predict the combustion process for a large part of the engine operating map could be demonstrated. This is a significant progress compared to results achieved until now regarding hydrogen engine simulations. A crucial point of the cryogenic mixture formation is the formation of frost inside the intake port due to the low mixture temperature. For the simulation of this phenomenon, a novel approach to compute frost formation in combination with a 3D CFD simulation has been developed. The validity of the model could be demonstrated on the basis of experimental results reported in literature and by comparison to preexisting cryogenic hydrogen injection experiments. The innovative simulation tool could be applied developing suggestions how to avoid the undesired formation of frost. A simple but robust solution for the frosting issue was elaborated, whose functionality could be demonstrated during engine operation at the test bench, which is regarded as an essential step towards the realisation of a hydrogen engine with cryogenic mixture formation. The presented thesis was conducted at BMW Group Research and Technology in the course of the European funded project HyICE – Optimisation of a Hydrogen Powered Internal Combustion Engine.