Poverty As Subsistence
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Poverty As Subsistence
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Author : Mihai Varga
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2023-02-21
Poverty As Subsistence written by Mihai Varga and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-21 with Business & Economics categories.
Poverty as Subsistence explores the "propertizing" land reform policy that the World Bank advocated throughout the transitioning countries of Eurasia, expecting poverty reduction to result from distributing property titles over agricultural land to local (rural) populations. China's early 1980s land reform offered support for this expectation, but while the spread of propertizing reform to post-communist Eurasia created numerous "subsistence" smallholders, it failed to stimulate entrepreneurship or market-based production among the rural poor. Varga argues that the World Bank advocated a simplified version of China's land reform that ignored a key element of successful reforms: the smallholders' immediate environment, the structure of actors and institutions determining whether smallholders survive and grow in their communities. With concrete insights from analysis of the land reform program throughout post-communist Eurasia and multisited fieldwork in Romania and Ukraine, this book details how and why land reform led to subsistence and the mechanisms underpinning informal commercialization.
Poverty Insecurity Of Subsistence And Relative Deprivation In The Netherlands
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Author : Henk-Jan Dirven
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Poverty Insecurity Of Subsistence And Relative Deprivation In The Netherlands written by Henk-Jan Dirven and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with categories.
Work Behavior Of The World S Poor
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Author : Mohammed Sharif
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-02-06
Work Behavior Of The World S Poor written by Mohammed Sharif and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-06 with Social Science categories.
This title was first published in 2003. The working poor of the world are observed to engage in long hours in hard jobs and to work more if wages are further reduced. Mainstream economics brushes off this tendency to increase labour supply as wages fall as perverse because it does not fit the conventional wisdom and tries to explain it as a result of "subsistence mentality", "limited aspiration", or "target income" behaviour of the poor. This however ignores the observed fact that the poor work long hard hours but most of the time, fail to meet their minimum needs of subsistence and live impoverished lives in absolute poverty deficient of both food and physical rest. This book postulates that the observed behaviour is the result of economic distress the working poor suffer and analyses it as a rational behaviour using the conventional utility maximization framework and derives both theoretical and empirical results consistent with the observation. This book aims to correct a serious misconception persisting in the literature relating to the working-poor labour-supply behaviour that is almost universally observed. It also goes onto develop, using the supply function, a methodology to determine the standard of subsistence income and physical rest for the worker.
From Subsistence To Exchange And Other Essays
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Author : Lord Peter Tamas Bauer
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2009-01-10
From Subsistence To Exchange And Other Essays written by Lord Peter Tamas Bauer and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-10 with Political Science categories.
Peter Bauer, a pioneer of development economics, is an incisive thinker whose work continues to influence fields from political science to history to anthropology. As Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen writes in the introduction to this book, "the originality, force, and extensive bearing of his writings have been quite astonishing." This collection of Bauer's essays reveals the full power and range of his thought as well as the central concern that underlies so much of his diverse work: the impact of people's conduct, their cultural institutions, and the policies of their governments on economic progress. The papers here cover pressing and controversial issues, including the process that transforms a subsistence economy into an exchange economy, the reputed correlation between poverty and population density, the alleged responsibility of the West for Third World poverty, the often counterproductive results of foreign aid, and the effects of egalitarian policies on individual freedoms. Bauer addresses these and other matters with clarity, verve, and wit, combining his deep understanding of economic theory and methodology with keen insights into human nature. The book is a penetrating account of how to develop a prosperous economy alongside a free and fair society and a stimulating introduction to the work of a man who has done so much to shape our modern understanding of developing economies and of the relationship of economics to the other social sciences. "This selection of essays will give readers a wonderful opportunity to learn about the rich world of cognizance and analysis erected by one of the great architects of political economy. I feel privileged to be able to offer this letter of invitation."--From the introduction by Amartya Sen, Nobel Laureate in economics
Poverty Agency And Human Rights
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Author : Diana T. Meyers
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014
Poverty Agency And Human Rights written by Diana T. Meyers and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Business & Economics categories.
Poverty, Agency, and Human Rights collects thirteen new essays that analyze how human agency relates to poverty and human rights respectively as well as how agency mediates issues concerning poverty and social and economic human rights. No other collection of philosophical papers focuses on the diverse ways poverty impacts the agency of the poor, the reasons why poverty alleviation schemes should also promote the agency of beneficiaries, and the fitness of the human rights regime to secure both economic development and free agency. The book is divided into four parts. Part 1 considers the diverse meanings of poverty both from the standpoint of the poor and from that of the relatively well-off. Part 2 examines morally appropriate responses to poverty on the part of persons who are better-off and powerful institutions. Part 3 identifies economic development strategies that secure the agency of the beneficiaries. Part 4 addresses the constraints poverty imposes on agency in the context of biomedical research, migration for work, and trafficking in persons.
Small Scale Mining Rural Subsistence And Poverty In West Africa
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Author : Gavin M. Hilson
language : en
Publisher: Practical Action
Release Date : 2006
Small Scale Mining Rural Subsistence And Poverty In West Africa written by Gavin M. Hilson and has been published by Practical Action this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Business & Economics categories.
Critical assessment of initiatives in the development of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) in ECOWAS countries (Economic Community of West African States). Emphasises the need to understand the socioeconomic conditions, environmental and policy issues in order to achieve sustainable development. Gives case studies from selected Anglophone and Francophone countries.
Freedom From Poverty As A Human Right Theory And Politics
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Author : Pogge, Thomas
language : en
Publisher: UNESCO
Release Date : 2009-12-31
Freedom From Poverty As A Human Right Theory And Politics written by Pogge, Thomas and has been published by UNESCO this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-31 with Social Science categories.
Poverty Work And Freedom
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Author : David P. Levine
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005-06-30
Poverty Work And Freedom written by David P. Levine and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-06-30 with Political Science categories.
The poor seem easy to identify: those who do not have enough money or enough of the things money can buy. This book explores a different approach to poverty, one suggested by the notion of capabilities emphasized by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum. In the spirit of the capabilities approach, the book argues that poverty refers not to a lack of things but to the lack of the ability to live life in a particular way. The authors argue that the poor are those who cannot live a life that is discovered and created rather than already known. Avoiding poverty, then, means having the capacity and opportunity for creative living. The authors argue that the capacity to do skilled work plays a particularly important role in creative living, and suggest that the development of the ability to do skilled work is a vital part of solving the problem of poverty.
An Ethnography Of Hunger
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Author : Kristin Phillips
language : en
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Release Date : 2018-08-29
An Ethnography Of Hunger written by Kristin Phillips and has been published by Indiana University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-29 with Social Science categories.
In An Ethnography of Hunger Kristin D. Phillips examines how rural farmers in central Tanzania negotiate the interconnected projects of subsistence, politics, and rural development. Writing against stereotypical Western media images of spectacular famine in Africa, she examines how people live with—rather than die from—hunger. Through tracing the seasonal cycles of drought, plenty, and suffering and the political cycles of elections, development, and state extraction, Phillips studies hunger as a pattern of relationships and practices that organizes access to food and profoundly shapes agrarian lives and livelihoods. Amid extreme inequality and unpredictability, rural people pursue subsistence by alternating between—and sometimes combining—rights and reciprocity, a political form that she calls "subsistence citizenship." Phillips argues that studying subsistence is essential to understanding the persistence of global poverty, how people vote, and why development projects succeed or fail.
Indivisible Human Rights
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Author : Human Rights Watch (Organization)
language : en
Publisher: Human Rights Watch
Release Date : 1992
Indivisible Human Rights written by Human Rights Watch (Organization) and has been published by Human Rights Watch this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Basic needs categories.