Poverty Implications Of Agricultural And Non Agricultural Price Distortions In Pakistan
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Poverty Implications Of Agricultural And Non Agricultural Price Distortions In Pakistan
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Author : C. B. Cororaton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Poverty Implications Of Agricultural And Non Agricultural Price Distortions In Pakistan written by C. B. Cororaton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Poverty Implications Of Agricultural And Non Agricultural Price Distortions In Pakistan
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Author : C.B. Cororaton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Poverty Implications Of Agricultural And Non Agricultural Price Distortions In Pakistan written by C.B. Cororaton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Agriculture And The Rural Economy In Pakistan
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Author : David J. Spielman
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2017-01-23
Agriculture And The Rural Economy In Pakistan written by David J. Spielman and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-23 with Business & Economics categories.
Historically, agriculture has been crucial to Pakistan's economic growth and development and remains so even today. The sector employs almost half of the country's labor force, supplies key inputs to the country's manufacturing sector, generates a significant share of export earnings, and nourishes a rapidly growing population. Further, beyond agriculture is the wider rural economy, including nonfarm economic activities such as small enterprises, transport services, village retail shops, local schools, and clinics, all of which account for an estimated 40 to 57 percent of total rural household income. Given the importance of these rural activities, the slow growth of agriculture in recent years—averaging just 2.8 percent during the period 2010-2014—should be a source of concern for Pakistan. Can the country's agricultural sector and rural economy once again play a significant role in growth and development? Can it contribute to poverty reduction? Agriculture and the Rural Economy in Pakistan: Issues, Outlooks, and Policy Priorities seeks to answer these questions by examining the performance of both agriculture and the rural economy. The authors identify several measures that can promote agricultural productivity growth as well as wider economic and social development. These include increasing the efficiency of water use in the Indus river basin irrigation system, especially in the face of climate change; reforming policies and regulations that govern markets for agricultural inputs and commodities; and improving the provision of rural public services for health, education, women's empowerment, and community development. The analyses and conclusions in Agriculture and the Rural Economy in Pakistan will be of use to policy makers, development specialists, and others concerned with Pakistan's development. Contributors: Madiha Afzal, Nuzhat Ahmad, Faryal Ahmed, Mubarik Ali, Shujat Ali, Elena Briones Alonso, Hira Channa, Stephen Davies, Paul Dorosh, Gisselle Gajate Garrido, Arthur Gueneau, Madeeha Hameed, Brian Holtemeyer, Huma Khan, Katrina Kosec, Mehrab Malek, Sohail J. Malik, Shuaib Malik, Amina Mehmood, Dawit Mekonnen, Hina Nazli, Sara Rafi, Muhammad Ahsan Rana, Abdul Wajid Rana, Danielle Resnick, Khalid Riaz, Abdul Salam, Emily Schmidt, Asma Shahzad, David J. Spielman, James Thurlow, Ahmad Waqas, Edward Whitney, Fatima Zaidi.
Distortions To Agricultural Incentives
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Author : Kym Anderson
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2009
Distortions To Agricultural Incentives written by Kym Anderson and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume in the 'Distortions to Agricultural Incentives' series focus on distortions to agricultural incentives from a global perspective.
Agricultural Price Distortions Inequality And Poverty
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Author : Kym Anderson
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2010-03-17
Agricultural Price Distortions Inequality And Poverty written by Kym Anderson and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-17 with Political Science categories.
The prices of farm products are crucial determinants of the extent of poverty and inequality in the world. The vast majority of the world s poorest households depend to a considerable extent on farming for their incomes, while food represents a large component of the consumption of all poor households. For generations, food prices have been heavily distorted by government policies in high-income and developing countries. Many countries began to reform their agricultural price and trade policies in the 1980s, but government policy intervention is still considerable and still favors farmers in high-income countries at the expense of many farmers in developing countries. What would be the poverty and inequality consequences of the removal of the remaining distortions to agricultural incentives? This question is of great relevance to governments in evaluating ways to engage in multilateral and regional trade negotiations or to improve their own policies unilaterally. 'Agricultural Price Distortions, Inequality, and Poverty' analyzes the effects of agricultural and trade policies around the world on national and regional economic welfare, on income inequality among and within countries, and on the level and incidence of poverty in developing countries. The studies include economy-wide analyses of the inequality and poverty effects of own-country policies compared with rest-of-the-world policies for 10 individual developing countries in three continents. This book also includes three chapters that each use a separate global economic model to examine the effects of policies on aggregate poverty and the distribution of poverty across many identified developing countries. This study is motivated by two policy issues: first, the World Trade Organization s struggle to conclude the Doha Round of multilateral trade negotiations, in which agricultural policy reform is, again, one of the most contentious topics in the talks and, second, the struggle of the developing countries to achieve their Millennium Development Goals by 2015 notably the alleviation of hunger and poverty which depends crucially on policies that affect agricultural incentives.
Domestic Terms Of Trade In Pakistan
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Author : Weltbank
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Domestic Terms Of Trade In Pakistan written by Weltbank and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
In 2008 the Government of Pakistan agreed with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to increase the tax/Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ratio by 3.5 percentage points over the medium term. This commitment has rekindled the debate regarding the agricultural income tax. Advocates of an agricultural income tax argue that the sector remains protected by political interests, while opponents to such a tax maintain that agriculture is already subject to significant indirect taxation, mainly because of prevailing price distortions in agricultural product markets. This paper reviews the literature on domestic terms of trade analysis in Pakistan and calculates an updated set of terms of trade indices for agriculture relative to industry. The paper also discusses key issues with regard to the imposition of agricultural income tax in Pakistan, and uses simulation results from a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model for the Pakistan economy to analyze the potential effects of the imposition of an agricultural income tax on poverty and fiscal revenues. The results suggest that the domestic terms of trade have remained unfavorable for Pakistan's agriculture during almost the entire 2000-2009 period. Agriculture's terms of trade declined from 2001-02 to 2003-04 before improving only slightly during the period from 2004-05 to 2006-07. As of 2007 however, prices of agricultural commodities started rising resulting in significant increases in agriculture's terms of trade. But in spite of the substantial increases in agricultural prices, the terms of trade for agriculture, though on a rising trend, remained marginally unfavorable to the sector.
Pakistan S Cotton And Textile Economy
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Author : Caesar Bucia Cororaton
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2008-01-01
Pakistan S Cotton And Textile Economy written by Caesar Bucia Cororaton and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Pakistan's cotton, textile, and apparel industries are key sectors of the nation's economy; their performance can contribute to either a rise or fall in poverty. These vital industries have faced a variety of challenges and opportunities in recent years, including world cotton price instability, liberalization of the multilateral clothing and textile trade, and sharp swings in the Pakistani macroeconomic situation. Using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model and drawing on a national survey of Pakistani households, the authors of this report evaluate the consequences of several recent or prospective economic changes on Pakistan's cotton, textile, and apparel industries and poverty levels. The economic changes include an increased inflow of foreign capital, higher world cotton and textile prices, government subsidization of the textile industry, increased productivity in the cotton and textile sectors, and other possible developments. By presenting these scenarios, the report offers policymakers and analysts a guide to anticipating and shaping the future of economic growth and poverty reduction in Pakistan.
Distortions To Agricultural Incentives In Asia
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Author : Kym Anderson
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2009
Distortions To Agricultural Incentives In Asia written by Kym Anderson and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Business & Economics categories.
Distortions to Agricultural incentives in Asia is the third volume in a series of books that brings together analytical narratives of the evolution over the past half-century of policy-imposed distortions to farmer incentives and food prices in 80 countries. Drawing on new consistent set of estimates spanning 90 percent of the world's agricultural markets. The first two titles in the series focus on Europe's transitional economies and Latin America. Future titles will focus on Africa and the distortions to agricultural incentives from a global perspective.
Farming Systems And Poverty
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Author : John A. Dixon
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2001
Farming Systems And Poverty written by John A. Dixon and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Business & Economics categories.
A joint FAO and World Bank study which shows how the farming systems approach can be used to identify priorities for the reduction of hunger and poverty in the main farming systems of the six major developing regions of the world.
Taxing Agriculture In Pakistan
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Author : Mr.Mahmood Hasan Khan
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1998-05-01
Taxing Agriculture In Pakistan written by Mr.Mahmood Hasan Khan and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-05-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Pakistan’s economic performance has been marred by persistently high fiscal deficits which have resulted largely from the inability to raise sufficient revenues. Agriculture is a dominant sector of the economy, but generates very limited revenue from direct taxes on agricultural producers. The paper first reviews the history of attempts to tax agriculture in Pakistan, the purpose of which is to underscore the difficulty in adopting and implementing a sound agricultural tax policy. It then examines various alternatives with regard to the taxation of agricultural land and incomes. Finally, it presents the outlines of a full-fledged agricultural income tax that could be implemented within the Constitutional framework in the next three to five years.