Ppars In Cellular And Whole Body Energy Metabolism
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Ppars In Cellular And Whole Body Energy Metabolism
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Author : Walter Wahli
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-01-09
Ppars In Cellular And Whole Body Energy Metabolism written by Walter Wahli and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-09 with Biology (General) categories.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "PPARs in Cellular and Whole Body Energy Metabolism" that was published in IJMS
Ppars In Cellular And Whole Body Energy Metabolism
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Author : Rachel Tee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Ppars In Cellular And Whole Body Energy Metabolism written by Rachel Tee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Electronic books categories.
At no other time in its history has humankind been as concerned about good health. Lifestyle habits are promoted as indispensable allies for the daily prevention against so-called metabolic diseases. Paradoxically, the world has never been so obese, while the beauty canons have never been so skinny! However, there is more to energy balance than alterations in body weight. In the 1990s, it was found that fatty acids not only function as fuel molecules only, but also serve as signaling molecules. They bind nuclear hormone receptors, the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors, commonly referred to by the acronym PPARs. PPARs are transcription factors that directly control the expression of genes of metabolism, thereby impacting a multitude of pathways crucial for whole body physiology. PPARs are also activated by synthetic agonists, which are drugs used for lowering triglycerides and blood sugar. This book features articles that address tools for the identification of novel PPAR ligands, as well as the roles of the receptors in several organs, such as the brain, heart, liver, adipose tissue, gut, and muscle. As such, this book documents the multifaceted roles of these nuclear receptors that continue to attract significant attention, not least because of their still not fully realized potential to treat several health conditions.
Mechanisms Of Adiponectin Action
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Author : Tania Fiaschi
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-07-26
Mechanisms Of Adiponectin Action written by Tania Fiaschi and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-26 with Medical categories.
The adipokine adiponectin is very concentrated in plasma, and decreased levels of adiponectin are associated with pathological conditions such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome. When produced in its full-length form, adiponectin self-associates to generate multimeric complexes. The full-length form of adiponectin can be cleaved by the globular form of elastase that is produced locally, and the resulting biological effects are exerted in a paracrine or autocrine manner. The different forms of adiponectin bind to specific receptors consisting of two G-protein-independent, seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors, called AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, while T-cadherin has been identified as a potential receptor for high molecular weight complexes of adiponectin. Adiponectin exerts a key role in cellular metabolism, regulating glucose levels as well as fatty acid breakdown. However, its biological effects are heterogeneous, involving multiple target tissues. The Special Issue “Mechanisms of Adiponectin Action” highlights the pleiotropic role of this hormone through 3 research articles and 7 reviews. These papers focus on the recent knowledge regarding adiponectin in different target tissues, both in healthy and in diseased conditions.
Innovative Medicine
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Author : Kazuwa Nakao
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-10-13
Innovative Medicine written by Kazuwa Nakao and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-13 with Science categories.
This book is devoted to innovative medicine, comprising the proceedings of the Uehara Memorial Foundation Symposium 2014. It remains extremely rare for the findings of basic research to be developed into clinical applications, and it takes a long time for the process to be achieved. The task of advancing the development of basic research into clinical reality lies with translational science, yet the field seems to struggle to find a way to move forward. To create innovative medical technology, many steps need to be taken: development and analysis of optimal animal models of human diseases, elucidation of genomic and epidemiological data, and establishment of “proof of concept”. There is also considerable demand for progress in drug research, new surgical procedures, and new clinical devices and equipment. While the original research target may be rare diseases, it is also important to apply those findings more broadly to common diseases. The book covers a wide range of topics and is organized into three complementary parts. The first part is basic research for innovative medicine, the second is translational research for innovative medicine, and the third is new technology for innovative medicine. This book helps to understand innovative medicine and to make progress in its realization.
Sports Endocrinology
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Author : F. Lanfranco
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2016-06-28
Sports Endocrinology written by F. Lanfranco and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-28 with Medical categories.
This book is an up-to-date, extensive overview of the effects of physical activity and training on endocrine function. It gives insights into a complex relationship by describing effects with respect to exercise performance, growth, development, and ageing. It includes discussions of the endocrine response depending on exercise mode, intensity, and duration as well as on gender, age, and fitness level. Additionally the book deals with the impact of environmental and psychological factors on endocrine level. A substantial part of Sports Endocrinology is devoted to the 'hot topic' of hormonal doping in sports. The properties of androgens, growth hormone, erythropoietin, and dietary supplements are highlighted. The use and abuse among professional and recreational athletes is discussed and specific methods of detection are presented and explained. All contributors are well-known experts in sports medicine and endocrinology, endocrine physiology, pharmacology, and doping detection, so this book is a must-read for every professional involved in the field.
The Heterogeneity Of Cancer Metabolism
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Author : Anne Le
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-06-26
The Heterogeneity Of Cancer Metabolism written by Anne Le and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-26 with Medical categories.
Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.
Vitamin K2
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Author : Jan Gordeladze
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2017-03-22
Vitamin K2 written by Jan Gordeladze and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-22 with Science categories.
This book serves as a comprehensive survey of the impact of vitamin K2 on cellular functions and organ systems, indicating that vitamin K2 plays an important role in the differentiation/preservation of various cell phenotypes and as a stimulator and/or mediator of interorgan cross talk. Vitamin K2 binds to the transcription factor SXR/PXR, thus acting like a hormone (very much in the same manner as vitamin A and vitamin D). Therefore, vitamin K2 affects a multitude of organ systems, and it is reckoned to be one positive factor in bringing about "longevity" to the human body, e.g., supporting the functions/health of different organ systems, as well as correcting the functioning or even "curing" ailments striking several organs in our body. Vitamin K2 - Vital for Health and Wellbeing has been produced and distributed through the support from Kappa Bioscience, Norway.
Lipid Oxidation Pathways
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Author : Afaf Kamal-Eldin
language : en
Publisher: AOCS Publishing
Release Date : 2003-08-30
Lipid Oxidation Pathways written by Afaf Kamal-Eldin and has been published by AOCS Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-30 with Science categories.
Autoxidation of unsaturated lipids has received much attention because it has many applications in the rancidity of foods and stability of lipids in biological tissues and compartments. This book reviews state-of-the-art developments in the understanding of the oxidation of lipids and its connection with the oxidation of other biological molecules such as proteins and starch. The various chapters illustrate the special features associated with different lipids, antioxidants, reaction conditions, and lipids environments. The material in this book provides a better understanding of lipid oxidation pathways.
The Endocannabinoidome
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Author : Vincenzo Di Marzo
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-09-18
The Endocannabinoidome written by Vincenzo Di Marzo and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-18 with Medical categories.
The Endocannabinoidome: The World of Endocannabinoids and Related Mediators is dedicated to the latest research and studies on endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors to illustrate their important role in the discovery of new, endocannabinoid-related, lipid mediators. Written by leading experts across different disciplines, this book focuses on the biochemical and anlayticial aspects of novel lipid signals, their pharmacological activities and their potential utilization for the development of new and effective therapeutic strategies. The first book of its kind, The Endocannabinoidome is a meaningful reference for all those involved in experimental efforts to further the development of this field. Explores the novel and exciting aspects of several endocannabinoid-like molecules for which researchers are still seeking a function Discusses the novel metabolic pathways for endocannabinoids in order to explain the failure of some clinical trials with inhibitors of more conventional metabolic pathways Incorporates pharmacology, biochemistry and potential clinical applications to provide researchers with a complete look at endocannabinoids
Regulation Of Hepatic Metabolism
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Author : K. Jungermann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Regulation Of Hepatic Metabolism written by K. Jungermann and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
The liver is an exceptionally complex and diverse organ that functions both as an exocrine and an endocrine gland. It secretes bile, which contains many con stituents in addition to bile salts, and it synthesizes and releases many substances in response to the body's demands, including prohormones, albumin, clotting factors, glucose, fatty acids, and various lipoproteins. It has a dual blood supply providing a rich mixture of nutrients and other absorbed substances via the portal vein and oxygen-rich blood via the hepatic artery. This functional heterogeneity is accompanied by cellular heterogeneity. The liver contains many cell types including hepatic parachymal cells, Kiipffer cells, Ito cells, and endothelial cells. The most abundant cell type, the parenchymal cells, are biochemically and structurally heterogeneous. The cells in the oxygen-rich areas of the portal triad appear more dependent on oxidative metabolism, whereas those around the central vein (pericentral, perivenous, or centrolobular areas) are more dependent upon an anaerobic mechanism. Throughout this volume the latter three terms are used synonymously by various authors to indicate the five to eight layers of cells radiating from the central vein. Structural and metabolic heterogeneity of hepatic parenchymal cells has been demonstrated by a variety of approaches, including histochemical, ultra structural, and ultramicrobiochemical studies. This microheterogeneity is linked to the physiological functions of the liver and its response to injurious substances.