Predictive Drug Testing On Human Tumor Cells
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Predictive Drug Testing On Human Tumor Cells
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Author : V. Hofmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Predictive Drug Testing On Human Tumor Cells written by V. Hofmann and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Predictive drug testing on human tumor cells in order to define the appropriate chemotherapy will remain imperative as long as the anticancer agents available are few in number and show only limited activity. The advantages of an effective test would lie in obviating the need for testing antineoplastic agents on large cohorts of patients for assessment of drug activity (phase II studies) and in allowing determination of optimal use of anticancer agents (phase III trials). Such an in vitro test could help to better define dose and schedule of drugs preclinically. The additive value of individual drugs could be determined on tumor cells in vitro in order to define the best combination chemotherapy in vivo. Test-directed therapy would avoid unnecessary drug-related morbidity in patients with refractory tumors. Chemotherapy treatment would be more than justified even with side effects if palliation or even prolonged survival could be anticipated as a result. The benefits of predictive drug testing on human tumor cells would extend beyond improvement of individual patient treatment if the testing helped to identify new active agents. This spectrum of benefits to the entire field of oncology pro vides tremendous motivation for the development of such testing. Although a number of chemosensitivity tests have been proposed since the advent of modern anticancer chemotherapy, interest has been renewed by the possibility of cloning human tumor cells on agar plates, with a view to testing drug activity on cells with high pro liferation capacity.
Chemosensitivity Testing In Oncology
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Author : Uwe Reinhold
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Chemosensitivity Testing In Oncology written by Uwe Reinhold and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Over the past 50 years many in vitro and in vivo drug response assay systems have been developed to determine the potential - tivity of chemotherapy agents. The idea was to eliminate ineffective agents and unnecessary toxic treatment while selecting drugs active in vitro or in the mouse model that might increase the probability of response in the patient. None of these test models, however, achieved routine clinical application in the past. This might be at least in part - lated to large discrepancies that were described between the s- cess rate of the assay systems and the clinical benefit in cancer - tients. The heterogeneity of chemosensitivity that exists between different tumors as well as between individual tumor lesions may be one explanation for these findings. Furthermore, different assay end points such as proliferation, metabolism, and vitality were - veloped to evaluate the effects of cytostatic drugs on tumor cells, and these might be related to the differing results. However, knowledge about procedures for assay-assisted treatment selection has increased rapidly within the past few years, and several studies suggest that test-directed chemotherapy selection now may - prove response rates and survival in various types of tumors. The International Society for Chemosensitivity Testing in - cology (ISCO) was founded to promote, coordinate, and improve clinical and laboratory research in the field of predictive drug te- ing in human tumor cells.
Anticancer Drug Development Guide
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Author : Beverly A. Teicher
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Anticancer Drug Development Guide written by Beverly A. Teicher and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Medical categories.
Experienced cancer researchers from pharmaceutical companies, government laboratories, and academia comprehensively review and describe the arduous process of cancer drug discovery and approval. They focus on using preclinical in vivo and in vitro methods to identify molecules of interest, detailing the targets and criteria for success in each type of testing and defining the value of the information obtained from the various tests. They also define each stage of clinical testing, explain the criteria for success, and outline the requirements for FDA approval. A companion volume by the same editor (Cancer Therapeutics: Experimental and Clinical Agents) reviews existing anticancer drugs and potential anticancer therapies. These two volumes in the Cancer Drug Discovery and Development series reveal how and why molecules become anticancer drugs and thus offer a blueprint for the present and the future of the field.
Anticancer Drug Development Guide
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Author : Beverly A. Teicher
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-02-01
Anticancer Drug Development Guide written by Beverly A. Teicher and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-02-01 with Medical categories.
This unique volume traces the critically important pathway by which a "molecule" becomes an "anticancer agent. " The recognition following World War I that the administration of toxic chemicals such as nitrogen mustards in a controlled manner could shrink malignant tumor masses for relatively substantial periods of time gave great impetus to the search for molecules that would be lethal to specific cancer cells. Weare still actively engaged in that search today. The question is how to discover these "anticancer" molecules. Anticancer Drug Development Guide: Preclinical Screening, Clinical Trials, and Approval, Second Edition describes the evolution to the present of preclinical screening methods. The National Cancer Institute's high-throughput, in vitro disease-specific screen with 60 or more human tumor cell lines is used to search for molecules with novel mechanisms of action or activity against specific phenotypes. The Human Tumor Colony-Forming Assay (HTCA) uses fresh tumor biopsies as sources of cells that more nearly resemble the human disease. There is no doubt that the greatest successes of traditional chemotherapy have been in the leukemias and lymphomas. Since the earliest widely used in vivo drug screening models were the murine L 1210 and P388 leukemias, the community came to assume that these murine tumor models were appropriate to the discovery of "antileukemia" agents, but that other tumor models would be needed to discover drugs active against solid tumors.
Chemosensitivity
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Author : Rosalyn D. Blumenthal
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-01
Chemosensitivity written by Rosalyn D. Blumenthal and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-01 with Medical categories.
A state-of-the art collection of readily reproducible laboratory methods for assessing chemosensitivity in vitro and in vivo, and for assessing the parameters that modulate chemosensitivity in individual tumors. Chemosensitivity, Volume 1: In Vitro Assays provides a panel of 16 in vitro measures of chemosensitivity in adherent and non-adherent cells for single agents and combinations of agents. In addition to immunohistochemical and imaging approaches, these assays include clonogenic, colorimetric, fluorometric, and physiological assays. Highlights include image analysis to assess drug sensitivity, high throughput approaches using green fluorescent protein, DIMSCAN (a microcomputer fluorescence-based assay), and the ChemoFx assay used in biotechnology. A companion volume, Volume 2: In Vivo Models, Imaging, and Molecular Regulators, provides protocols for classifying tumors into response categories and customizing chemotherapy regimens to individual patients.
Tumor Organoids
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Author : Shay Soker
language : en
Publisher: Humana Press
Release Date : 2017-10-20
Tumor Organoids written by Shay Soker and has been published by Humana Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-20 with Medical categories.
Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies.
Cumulated Index Medicus
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Cumulated Index Medicus written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Medicine categories.
Human Cancer In Primary Culture A Handbook
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Author : John Masters
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Human Cancer In Primary Culture A Handbook written by John Masters and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Growing human cancer cells in primary culture requires patience, intuition, care and experience. This is one of the few areas where the wrinkled senior scientist can be more productive than the bright young post-doc. There are few mechanical aids, no automated procedures, and kits are unheard-of. There is no right way to do it and every tumour is different. But this book will make it easier! Chapter 1 on characterization is essential reading. Much published work is useless because of the failure to take two simple steps to characterise the cells. The first step is to fully record all the clinical data - the absence of this information can render the work valueless. The second step is to confirm the origin of the tissue to exclude cross contamination. The wastage of years of work can be avoided with the use of a simple DNA preparation with a couple of commercially-available probes. Chapter 2 describes the development of serum-free media. This is a goal many would like to achieve, particularly if someone else does it, as it is laborious and empirical. Defined serum-free medium is essential for studies of growth factors and has major advantages in the commercial preparation of cell products and other applications.
Precision Medicine In Oncology
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Author : Bulent Aydogan
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-11-02
Precision Medicine In Oncology written by Bulent Aydogan and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-02 with Medical categories.
A FRESH EXAMINATION OF PRECISION MEDICINE'S INCREASINGLY PROMINENT ROLE IN THE FIELD OF ONCOLOGY Precision medicine takes into account each patient's specific characteristics and requirements to arrive at treatment plans that are optimized towards the best possible outcome. As the field of oncology continues to advance, this tailored approach is becoming more and more prevalent, channelling data on genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and other areas into new and innovative methods of practice. Precision Medicine in Oncology draws together the essential research driving the field forward, providing oncology clinicians and trainees alike with an illuminating overview of the technology and thinking behind the breakthroughs currently being made. Topics covered include: Biologically-guided radiation therapy Informatics for precision medicine Molecular imaging Biomarkers for treatment assessment Big data Nanoplatforms Casting a spotlight on this emerging knowledge base and its impact upon the management of tumors, Precision Medicine in Oncology opens up new possibilities and ways of working – not only for oncologists, but also for molecular biologists, radiologists, medical geneticists, and others.
Cancer Treatment Reports
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Cancer Treatment Reports written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Cancer categories.