Pricing In International Markets
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Pricing In International Markets
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Author : Atish R. Ghosh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Pricing In International Markets written by Atish R. Ghosh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Economist (London, England) categories.
Export firms are often assumed to stabilize destination market prices in the face of nominal exchange rate changes in order to protect market share. We show that standard tests of such pricing to market fail to discriminate against the alternative hypothesis of menu costs. As a case study, we examine the characteristics and determinants of changes in the cover prices of The Economist magazine in a sample of twelve countries over the floating rate period. We find that, while the law of one price fails, there is no evidence of systematic attempts to offset nominal exchange rate movements. Instead, the findings are consistent with menu cost driven pricing behavior.
Global Pricing Strategies Theoretical Concepts And Practical Experience
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Author : Jochen Volm
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2002-09-15
Global Pricing Strategies Theoretical Concepts And Practical Experience written by Jochen Volm and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2001 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,7 (A-), Pforzheim University (Economics), course: International Activities, language: English, abstract: Falling trade barriers between national markets, the rise of newly industrialized countries and technological changes have affected the structure of international markets and imposed new challenges on the international business environment. The bases of competition within many markets are changing so much that the opportunities to survive with purely domestic strategies are becoming limited. One of the implications of these developments is that the efforts of many international firms to maintain profits by reducing costs or increasing production quantities has reached a limit in many markets. Therefore a lot of managers are concentrating more and more on another determinant of profit: pricing. Indeed, a good pricing management is able to increase profits and liquidity, and therefore shareholder value. While achieving economies of scale through their global operations, companies still have to act locally. The increasing importance of the price suggests that traditionally simple methods (e.g. cost or competition related pricing) are not enough to meet the requirements anymore. As a consequence, more comprehensive pricing strategies have to be developed in order to still be successful in future. When defining a global pricing strategy, international firms should consider several determinants that influence pricing decisions in international markets. The following paper takes a closer look at the different significant determinants required to set up a global pricing strategy as well as the different pricing strategies that can be used to reach the determined goals. In order to visualize aspects of the pricing process, practical examples are used to help to understand the importance of different elements within pricing management.
Price In International Marketing
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Author : David Carnicer Sospedra
language : en
Publisher: ESIC
Release Date : 2016-09-01
Price In International Marketing written by David Carnicer Sospedra and has been published by ESIC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-01 with categories.
The marketing mix is the coherent combination of policies of Product, Price, Distribution and Communication which, well structured, allows us to introduce a differentiated offering in a market with the intention of adequately position ourselves to achieve sales and profits. Just like in the different elements of the marketing mix there may always exist some element of subjectivity, since it is difficult at times to determine whether a product has higher quality than another, whether a promotional policy is more efficient than another or whether a distribution channel is more suitable than another, when we talk about Price in international negotiations it is obvious that a product that costs 100 euros is cheaper than another one that costs 200 euros. In fact, we could say that with the marketing mix we are just trying to divert the customer’s attention into the rest of the elements of marketing other than price, in order to add value to the offering and try to justify the price that we demand. Price is such an essential element that, once established, we must make the customer accept it. It is crucial, therefore, to know the use of the concepts, criteria and tactics that are developed below in order to set the pricing policy to be followed in our international sales and maximize performance. Moreover, Price fixing in the international market setting is much more complicated than in the domestic market, because in addition to the usual difficulties there are constraints derived from different markets (different legal and economic settings, competitive situation, relationship between the different markets, etc.) And very often our knowledge of foreign markets is not as deep as the one we have of our own market. On the other hand, the Pricing policy has a potentiality, which is that Price determination allows a Company to have a flexible instrument within the marketing-mix to quickly modify their strategies. It is much slower acting on the distribution policy, for instance. It should be clear that the pricing policy is first and foremost a «marketing policy», i.e a system or method that enables us to achieve our objectives and not just a check list on which to calculate our costs. It is a marketing tool that should allow us to (Bertrán, 1994): (1) obtain some profits on the investments made, (2) gain a position in the market and (3) face competition. But all in a manner that is consistent with the other elements of the marketing mix and in a dynamic way. Contents 1. INTRODUCTION: PRICE AND INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY 2. BASIC FOR PRICE SETTING 3. COMPARISON BETWEEN DOMESTIC PRICES AND EXPORT PRICES 4. DETERMINANTS OF THE EXPORT PRICE 5. METHODS OF INTERNATIONAL PRICING 6. INTERNATIONAL PRICES QUOTATION 7. PRICING POLICY IN PERIOD OF INFLATION 8. INTERNATIONAL TRANSFER PRICES 9. MEHODS TO CHANGE PRICES 10. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND WEBSITES
Global And Local Strategies Regarding Products And Prices Communication Between Global Brands And Global Markets
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Author : Ender Gülcan
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2017-10-09
Global And Local Strategies Regarding Products And Prices Communication Between Global Brands And Global Markets written by Ender Gülcan and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-09 with Business & Economics categories.
Document from the year 2017 in the subject Business economics - Marketing, Corporate Communication, CRM, Market Research, Social Media, grade: 1,7, Northumbria University, language: English, abstract: This paper deals with global and strategies regarding products and prices. The second part is about the analysis of the target market of Haagen Dazs. According to Keegan and Green a product is a “good, service, or idea with both, tangible and intangible attributes that collectively create value for a buyer or user”. The management decision, which product and brand strategies should be followed within the global market, is the indispensably crucial core of international marketing. What is understood as a product covers not only the functional physical object which is sold, but also the packaging and supporting services which together constitute the value brought to and bought by the customer. The globalization led to the product standardization strategy. The standardization strategy aims to market products in multiple markets, which are essentially the same in respect of the product itself and the sales and promotion activities, the advertising activities and the distribution channels.
International Marketing Strategy
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Author : Frank Bradley
language : en
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Release Date : 2002
International Marketing Strategy written by Frank Bradley and has been published by Prentice Hall this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Business & Economics categories.
This is the fourth edition of Frank Bradley' s ' original' "International Marketing Strategy" textbook. It continues to be structured around a comprehensive five stage managerial model of international marketing decision making at all stages of the enterprise life cycle. "International Marketing Strategy" "4th edition" has been extensively rewritten and is based on the most recent research, examining the competitive environment of international marketing from the perspective of the consumer products firm, the industrial products firm and the services firm with a strong emphasis on branding throughout. The impact of culture and values, life cycle considerations, pricing and brand strategy, international distribution channels, the impact of new communications technologies and the role of the internet are all considered and are illustrated throughout with real-life examples. New to this edition: 46 case exhibits illustrating real-life examples A Part-map to help readers navigate through the text Implications of the Internet and other new technologies integrated throughout Two new chapters - ' Pricing in international markets' and ' Vision and strategy for International Markets' More global coverage with data on Asia-Pacific and African countries " International Marketing Strategy" is essential reading to students studying International Marketing at advanced undergraduate, MBA or MSc/MA levels as well as managers of firms considering entry to or already in international markets. For tutors: There are an Instructor' s Manual and PowerPoint slides to accompany this text atwww.booksites.net/bradley Frank Bradley is R & A Bailey Professor of International Marketing based at the Michael Smurfit Graduate School of Business, University College, Dublin and has served on the editorial boards of the Journal of International Marketing, the Journal of International Business Studies, the Journal of Business Research and International Marketing Review.
Pricing
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Author : Gábor REKETTYE
language : en
Publisher: Transnational Press London
Release Date : 2018-05-23
Pricing written by Gábor REKETTYE and has been published by Transnational Press London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-23 with Business & Economics categories.
Pricing: The New Frontier by Gábor REKETTYE and Jonathan LIU Published: May 2018 The importance of pricing and price management is growing all over the world, primarily due to the turbulent economic situation, accelerating technological development, the saturation of markets and the globalization of competition. All these trends affect the achievement of company objectives, place prices, pricing and price management in a context that differs greatly from what has been known before. In developing and fast moving economies like India, getting the pricing strategy right is a necessity for the short and long term future of the firm. The pricing decision will impact on the profitability and ultimately on the performance of the firm. Executives and managers responsible making pricing decisions will find this book useful and informative in shedding light on an area that is complicate and complex. – Dr M.K. Nandakumar, Associate Professor of Strategic Management, Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode, India. Leading technological development across the world requires an in-depth understanding of the impact of the pricing decision and business strategy. This book will give its readers a clear understanding of impact of the pricing decision on the industry, the customer and its competitors. I fully recommend and endorse this book. – Jeff C.K. Lim, BU Deputy CEO at ASM Pacific Technology Ltd. Singapore. Pricing of goods and services is a critical decision that creates immediate competitive advantage. This book explains the principles of pricing clearly and concisely. It seamlessly knits concept and practice. It is a useful text book but also useful to practicing managers charged with challenging task of pricing goods and services. I strongly recommend the book to practitioners and students. – Professor Abby Ghobadian FBAM, FAcSS, CCMI, Professor of Management, Henley Business School, United Kingdom. At a time when almost continuous change is disrupting nearly all industries and the internet is putting ever more power in the hands of the customer, a book that treats pricing with substance and foresight is a welcome addition to the market. – Professor John R. Schermerhorn, Jr., O’Bleness Professor Emeritus, Ohio University, United States In contemporary business pricing is much more than just the money equivalent of the product value. This book provides a high-quality review of different concepts and issues regarding pricing from different stakeholders’ perspectives. It can be recommended both as students’ textbook as well as a managers’ toolkit for making strategic and tactical pricing decisions. – Professor Mirna Leko Šimić, Professor of Marketing at Faculty of Economics at J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia Price is the value that is attached to a product or service and is usually the result of complex set of calculations, research and risk analysis. This book provides comprehensive and understandable strategies and tactics that one may use to price a product or service in our current the multi-faceted operating environment. It is a great resource for both practitioners and academics. – Dr Dolores Rinke, CPA, Professor Emerita, Purdue University, United States In a fast-changing world with fierce competition, pricing has been increasingly the new frontier and battle field for business operations. Dynamic pricing needs to be deployed as the brand new strategy for global organizations to gain competitive advantages and sustainable profit growth. This book provides insightful knowledge of the dynamics of setting price in a networked global context, and enables academics and professionals to have a clear understanding of the principle and practice. – Dr Xinping Shi, Associate Professor of Information and Operations Management, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR China. Getting the pricing of products and services right is challenging and difficult. It is more complicated in a globalized world and further challenging when it is across different types of economies. This book will offer guidance in setting and negotiating prices for trading across borders and on the digital platform, and will prove useful for practitioners and students. I highly recommend the book. – Professor Vincent XG Qi, PhD, FRAI, Wolfson College, University of Cambridge; Marcel Mauss Chair Distinguished Professor of Global Supply Chain Management and Business Anthropology, Anshan Normal University in China. Contents PART 1. PRICING BASICS Chapter 1. PRICING IN FOCUS Chapter 2. THE ECONOMICS OF PRICING Chapter 3. CUSTOMERS’ PRICE PERCEPTION Chapter 4. PRICES, COSTS AND PROFIT Chapter 5. METHODS OF PRICE SETTING PART 2. STRATEGIES AND TACTICS OF PRICING Chapter 6. PRICING STRATEGY Chapter 7. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE PRICING Chapter 8. DYNAMIC PRICING Chapter 9. PRODUCT LINES PRICING Chapter 10. PRICE BUNDLING PART 3. INTERMEDIARY PRICING Chapter 11. PRICING ACROSS THE MARKETING CHANNELS Chapter 12. RETAIL AND WHOLESALE PRICING Chapter 13. PRICING IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETS Chapter 14. SUCCESSFUL PRICE NEGOTIATIONS Bibliography Index Product Details: ISBN: 9781910781944 Publisher: Transnational Press London Published: 23 May 2018 Language: English Pages: 320 Interior Ink: Black & white Weight (approx.): 0.65 kg Dimensions (approx.): 18.9cm wide x 24.59cm tall
International Financial Markets
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Author : Richard M. Levich
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
International Financial Markets written by Richard M. Levich and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Business & Economics categories.
The purpose of this text is to analyze the key financial markets and instruments that facilitate trade and investment activity on a global scale. It spans two key areas: First-the economic determinants of prices, price changes and price relationships in the major financial markets; Second-the policy issues that result from private enterprises and public policymakers.
International Marketing
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Author : John Shaw
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2008-01-28
International Marketing written by John Shaw and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-28 with Business & Economics categories.
Marketing is a universal activity that is widely applicable, regardless of the political, social or economic systems of a particular country. However, this doesn't mean that consumers in different parts of the world should be satisified in the same way. The 4th edition of International Marketing has been written to enable managers and scholars to meet the international challenges they face everyday. It provides the solid foundation required to understand the complexities of marketing on a global scale. The book has been fully updated with topical case studies, examples of contemporary marketing campaigns, the most relevant discussion topics as well as the most up-to-date theories, references and research findings. It is this combination of theory and practice that makes this textbook truly unique, presenting a fully rounded view of the topic rather than an anecodotal or descriptive one alone. The book includes chapters on: * Trade distortions and marketing barriers * Political and legal environments * Culture * Consumer behaviour * Marketing research * Promotion and pricing strategies * Currencies and foreign exchange Accessibly written and designed, this book is the most international book on marketing available that can be used by undergraduates and postgraduates the world over. A companion website provides additional material for lecturers and students alike.
International Marketing
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Author : Daniel W. Baack
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2018-11-20
International Marketing written by Daniel W. Baack and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-20 with Business & Economics categories.
Now in its second edition, International Marketing continues to provide its trademark integrated approach that explores marketing concepts in depth within a truly international context. The authors discuss five key factors that impact any international marketing venture – culture, language, political/legal systems, economic systems, and technological differences – in relation to the core marketing concepts of markets, products, pricing, distribution (place), and promotion. The book also covers sustainability and bottom-of-the-pyramid issues within each chapter with rich illustrations and examples from both multinational companies and smaller local concerns. New to the second edition: More global focus through new examples, case studies and the experience brought by new co-author, Barbara Czarnecka Brand new chapter on Culture & Cross-Cultural Marketing, including political unrest and the recent return to nationalism (e.g. Brexit and the Trump presidency) and further coverage of developing countries New coverage of digital advances and social media marketing Updated theory and methods, including Service Dominant Logic (S-DL), Consumer Culture Theory (CCT), and Netnography Additional videos supplementing the comprehensive online resource package for students and lecturers A wealth of online resources complement this book. These include a test bank of 50-65 questions per chapter, PowerPoint slides, sample syllabi, interactive maps, country fact sheets, flashcards, SAGE journal articles, and guidelines for developing a marketing plan.
Marketing Across Cultures
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Author : Jean-Claude Usunier
language : en
Publisher: Pearson Education
Release Date : 2005
Marketing Across Cultures written by Jean-Claude Usunier and has been published by Pearson Education this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.
Back Cover Copy-Usunier "This book is noteworthy in its content and approach as well as in generating class discussion on intercultural marketing relations, exchange, and communications. With the diversity in world markets and the importance of having locally-specific understanding of markets and consumers, it is a welcome resource for teaching students who can either relate it to their own intercultural experiences or who have never had intercultural experiences themselves." Guliz Ger, Professor of Marketing, Faculty of Business Administration, Bilkent University, Turkey International marketing relationships have to be built on solid foundations. Transaction costs in international trade are high--only a stable and firmly established link between business people can enable them to overcome disagreements and conflicts of interest. "Marketing Across Cultures, 4e" uses a successful two-stage cultural approach to explore International Marketing. - A cross-cultural approach which compares marketing systems and local commercial customs in various countries - An inter-cultural approach which studies the interaction between business peoples of different national cultures "I used "Marketing Across Cultures" in courses in five different countries with students from more than 35 nations. The book provides a stimulating view on international marketing issues and at the same time allows in an excellent way to sensitize and train students for intercultural work, which has become the norm for most medium-sized and large companies." Prof. Dr. Hartmut H. Holzmuller., Chair of Marketing Universityof Dortmund, Germany Invaluable to all undergraduate, postgraduate and MBA students studying International Marketing and for marketing practitioners who wish to improve their cultural awareness, "Marketing Across Cultures, 4e" is essential reading. New to This Edition! Rewritten extensively in an effort to make the book as accessible as possible, co-author Julie Lee from Australia helps bring a Euro-Australasian perspective to the table. New materials includes: - The internet revolution and its impact on international marketing - Additional web references that allow in-depth and updated access to cultural and business information - New cases with web-based references, including Muslim Cola (Chapter 6), Bollywood (Chapter 8), BrandUSA: Selling Uncle Sam Like Uncle Ben's? (Chapter 14) and more! To access the robust web materials go to: www.booksites.net/usunier. Jean-Claude Usunier is a professor of Marketing and International Business at the University of Lausanne - Graduate School of Commerce (HEC) and at the University Louis-Pasteur (Strasbourg, France). Julie Lee is a Senior Lecturer in Marketing at the Graduate School of Management, University of Western Australia.