Principles Of Philosophical Reasoning
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Principles Of Philosophical Reasoning
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Author : James H. Fetzer
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Release Date : 1984
Principles Of Philosophical Reasoning written by James H. Fetzer and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Philosophy categories.
The Principle Of Sufficient Reason
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Author : Alexander R. Pruss
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-03-20
The Principle Of Sufficient Reason written by Alexander R. Pruss and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-20 with Philosophy categories.
The Principle of Sufficient Reason (PSR) says that all contingent facts must have explanation. In this 2006 volume, which was the first on the topic in the English language in nearly half a century, Alexander Pruss examines the substantive philosophical issues raised by the Principle Reason. Discussing various forms of the PSR and selected historical episodes, from Parmenides, Leibnez, and Hume, Pruss defends the claim that every true contingent proposition must have an explanation against major objections, including Hume's imaginability argument and Peter van Inwagen's argument that the PSR entails modal fatalism. Pruss also provides a number of positive arguments for the PSR, based on considerations as different as the metaphysics of existence, counterfactuals and modality, negative explanations, and the everyday applicability of the PSR. Moreover, Pruss shows how the PSR would advance the discussion in a number of disparate fields, including meta-ethics and the philosophy of mathematics.
Change In View
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Author : Gilbert Harman
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press (MA)
Release Date : 1986
Change In View written by Gilbert Harman and has been published by MIT Press (MA) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Philosophy categories.
Change in View offers an entirely original approach to the philosophical study of reasoning by identifying principles of reasoning with principles for revising one's beliefs and intentions and not with principles of logic. This crucial observation leads to a number of important and interesting consequences that impinge on psychology and artificial intelligence as well as on various branches of philosophy, from epistemology to ethics and action theory. Gilbert Harman is Professor of Philosophy at Princeton University. A Bradford Book.
How To Think Like A Philosopher
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Author : Julian Baggini
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2023-05-08
How To Think Like A Philosopher written by Julian Baggini and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-08 with Philosophy categories.
An invitation to the habits of good thinking from philosopher Julian Baggini. By now, it should be clear: in the face of disinformation and disaster, we cannot hot take, life hack, or meme our way to a better future. But how should we respond instead? In How to Think like a Philosopher, Julian Baggini turns to the study of reason itself for practical solutions to this question, inspired by our most eminent philosophers, past and present. Baggini offers twelve key principles for a more humane, balanced, and rational approach to thinking: pay attention; question everything (including your questions); watch your steps; follow the facts; watch your language; be eclectic; be a psychologist; know what matters; lose your ego; think for yourself, not by yourself; only connect; and don’t give up. Each chapter is chockful of real-world examples showing these principles at work—from the discovery of penicillin to the fight for trans rights—and how they lead to more thoughtful conclusions. More than a book of tips and tricks (or ways to be insufferably clever at parties), How to Think like a Philosopher is an invitation to develop the habits of good reasoning that our world desperately needs.
On The Fourfold Root Of The Principle Of Sufficient Reason On The Will In Nature
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Author : Arthur Schopenhauer
language : en
Publisher: Good Press
Release Date : 2023-10-25
On The Fourfold Root Of The Principle Of Sufficient Reason On The Will In Nature written by Arthur Schopenhauer and has been published by Good Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-25 with Fiction categories.
"On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason & On the Will in Nature: Two Essays" by Arthur Schopenhauer, translated by Karl Mme. Hillebrand, is a philosophical work that delves into profound questions about the nature of existence and human understanding. Schopenhauer's essays explore the concept of sufficient reason and the role of the will in the natural world. The book offers readers a deep and thought-provoking exploration of philosophical ideas and their implications. "On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason & On the Will in Nature" is a challenging yet rewarding read for those interested in philosophical discourse.
Without Good Reason
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Author : Edward Stein
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 1996-01-11
Without Good Reason written by Edward Stein and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-01-11 with Philosophy categories.
Are humans rational? Various experiments performed over the last several decades have been interpreted as showing that humans are irrational—we make significant and consistent errors in logical reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, similarity judgements, and risk-assessment, to name a few areas. But can these experiments establish human irrationality, or is it a conceptual truth that humans must be rational, as various philosophers have argued? In this book, Edward Stein offers a clear critical account of this debate about rationality in philosophy and cognitive science. He discusses concepts of rationality—the pictures of rationality that the debate centres on—and assesses the empirical evidence used to argue that humans are irrational. He concludes that the question of human rationality must be answered not conceptually but empirically, using the full resources of an advanced cognitive science. Furthermore, he extends this conclusion to argue that empirical considerations are also relevant to the theory of knowledge—in other words, that epistemology should be naturalized.
From Puzzles To Principles
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Author : May Sim
language : en
Publisher: Lexington Books
Release Date : 1999
From Puzzles To Principles written by May Sim and has been published by Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Philosophy categories.
Scholars of classical philosophy have long disputed whether Aristotle was a dialectical thinker. Most agree that Aristotle contrasts dialectical reasoning with demonstrative reasoning, where the former reasons from generally accepted opinions and the latter reasons from the true and primary. Starting with a grasp on truth, demonstration never relinquishes it. Starting with opinion, how could dialectical reasoning ever reach truth, much less the truth about first principles? Is dialectic then an exercise that reiterates the prejudices of one's times and at best allows one to persuade others by appealing to these prejudices, or is it the royal road to first principles and philosophical wisdom? In From Puzzles to Principles? May Sim gathers experts to argue both these positions and offer a variety of interpretive possibilities. The contributors' thoughtful reflections on the nature and limits of dialectic should play a crucial role in Aristotelian scholarship.
The Art Of Reasoning
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Author : Samuel Neil
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2015-06-16
The Art Of Reasoning written by Samuel Neil and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-16 with Philosophy categories.
Excerpt from The Art of Reasoning: A Popular Exposition of the Principles of Logic Gentle Reader, - It is fitting that you, who are about to peruse the following work, should know the design which the Author had in composing it. In looking at the works on Logic now generally read, he observed that they constituted two great classes, - 1st. Those which were strictly formal in their character, and which, consequently, appeared to the general reader tedious, precise, dry, dull, and uninviting. 2nd. Those which, aiming at popularity, overstepped the legitimate bounds of the science - denuded it of its rigidly-formal and abstract nature - spread their observations over a widely-discursive field - and thus, by their very vagueness and indefinity, rendered their precepts vain, nugatory, unmeaning, and impracticable. No one appeared to him sufficiently adapted, in manner and in matter, to the spirit of "the age in which we live." To write a Logic which would be the synthesis of these - which would be popular in its method of exposition, without abating "one jot or tittle" of that abstract and formal austerity which science invariably assumes - was the aim of the Author. The projection - in 1850 - of a new Serial, "The British Controversialist," to which the Author was invited to contribute, afforded him the opportunity of essaying to work his thought into realization. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
An Inquiry Into The Human Mind On The Principles Of Common Sense
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Author : Thomas Reid
language : en
Publisher: DigiCat
Release Date : 2022-05-29
An Inquiry Into The Human Mind On The Principles Of Common Sense written by Thomas Reid and has been published by DigiCat this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-29 with Fiction categories.
Thomas Reid's Inquiry is one of the classic philosophical texts. Since its first publication in 1764, there have followed no less than forty editions. Yet, not all the writings of Thomas Reid were included in the edition. Reid is known to oppose the views of Descartes, Locke, and Hume. Reid's epistemology is based on human perception. When you see a tree, you don't find reasoning to believe that it is thereby means of rational arguments (Descartes). You don't need to compare your belief that the tree is there with other beliefs derived from experience (Locke). You simply believe it exists because you see it in front of you. The philosopher points out that a skeptic who doubts that the tree is there is being dishonest.
Concerning Human Understanding Principles Of Morals The Natural History Of Religion Additional Essays
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Author : David Hume
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1854
Concerning Human Understanding Principles Of Morals The Natural History Of Religion Additional Essays written by David Hume and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1854 with Philosophy categories.