Without Good Reason
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Without Good Reason
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Author : Edward Stein
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 1996-01-11
Without Good Reason written by Edward Stein and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-01-11 with Philosophy categories.
Are humans rational? Various experiments performed over the last several decades have been interpreted as showing that humans are irrational—we make significant and consistent errors in logical reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, similarity judgements, and risk-assessment, to name a few areas. But can these experiments establish human irrationality, or is it a conceptual truth that humans must be rational, as various philosophers have argued? In this book, Edward Stein offers a clear critical account of this debate about rationality in philosophy and cognitive science. He discusses concepts of rationality—the pictures of rationality that the debate centres on—and assesses the empirical evidence used to argue that humans are irrational. He concludes that the question of human rationality must be answered not conceptually but empirically, using the full resources of an advanced cognitive science. Furthermore, he extends this conclusion to argue that empirical considerations are also relevant to the theory of knowledge—in other words, that epistemology should be naturalized.
Constitutional Ratification Without Reason
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Author : Jeffrey A. Lenowitz
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-03-10
Constitutional Ratification Without Reason written by Jeffrey A. Lenowitz and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-10 with Law categories.
This volume focuses on constitutional ratification, the procedure in which a draft constitution is submitted by its creators to the people or their representatives in an up or down vote determining implementation. Ratification is increasingly common and routinely recommended by experts. Nonetheless, it is neither neutral nor inevitable. Constitutions can be made without it and when it is used it has significant effects. This raises the central question of the book: should ratification be recommended? Put another way: is there a reason for treating the procedure as a default for the constitution-making process? Surprisingly, these questions are rarely asked. The procedure's worth is assumed, not demonstrated, while ratification is generally overlooked in the literature. In fact, this is the first sustained study of ratification. To address these oversights, this book defines ratification and its types, explains the procedure's effects, conceptual origins, and history, and then concentrates on finding reasons for its use. Specifically, it builds up and analyzes the three most likely normative justifications. These urge the implementation of ratification because the procedure: enables the constituent power to make its constitution; fosters representation during constitution-making; or helps create a legitimate constitution. Ultimately, these justifications are found wanting, leading to the conclusion that ratification lacks a convincing, context-independent justification. Thus, until new arguments are developed, experts should not give recommendations for ratification as a matter of course, practitioners should not reach for it uncritically, and-more generally-one should avoid the blanket application of concepts from democratic theory to extraordinary contexts such as constitution-making.
Reason Without Freedom
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Author : David Owens
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2002-11-01
Reason Without Freedom written by David Owens and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-11-01 with Philosophy categories.
We call beliefs reasonable or unreasonable, justified or unjustified. What does this imply about belief? Does this imply that we are responsible for our beliefs and that we should be blamed for our unreasonable convictions? Or does it imply that we are in control of our beliefs and that what we believe is up to us? Reason Without Freedom argues that the major problems of epistemology have their roots in concerns about our control over and responsibility for belief. David Owens focuses on the arguments of Descartes, Locke and Hume - the founders of epistemology - and presents a critical discussion of the current trends in contemporary epistemology. He proposes that the problems we confront today - scepticism, the analysis of knowlege, and debates on epistemic justification - can be tackled only once we have understood the moral psychology of belief. This can be resolved when we realise that our responsibility for beliefs is profoundly different from our rationality and agency, and that memory and testimony can preserve justified belief without preserving the evidence which might be used to justify it. Reason Without Freedom should be of value to those interested in contemporary epistemology, philosophy of mind and action, ethics, and the history of 17th and 18th century.
The Compensation Committee Handbook
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Author : James F. Reda
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-04-21
The Compensation Committee Handbook written by James F. Reda and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-21 with Business & Economics categories.
New and updated information on the laws and regulations affecting executive compensation Now in a thoroughly updated Fourth Edition, The Compensation Committee Handbook provides a comprehensive review of the complex issues challenging compensation committees that face revised executive compensation disclosure regulations issued by the SEC, as well as GAAP and IFRS rulings and trends. This new and updated edition addresses a full range of functional issues facing compensation committees, including organizing, planning, and best practices tips. Looks at the latest regulations impacting executive compensation, including new regulations issued by the SEC, as well as GAAP and IFRS rulings and trends Covers the selection and training of compensation committee members Explores how to make compensation committees a performance driver for a company Guides documentation requirements and timing issues The Compensation Committee Handbook, Fourth Edition will help all compensation committee members and interested professionals succeed in melding highly complex technical information and concepts with both corporate governance principles and sound business judgment.
Global Secularisms In A Post Secular Age
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Author : Michael Rectenwald
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2015-10-16
Global Secularisms In A Post Secular Age written by Michael Rectenwald and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-16 with Religion categories.
Global Secularisms addresses the state of and prospects for secularism globally. Drawing from multiple fields, it brings together theoretical discussion and empirical case studies that illustrate "on-the-ground," extant secularisms as they interact with various religious, political, social, and economic contexts. Its point of departure is the fact that secularism is plural and that various secularisms have developed in various contexts and from various traditions around the world. Secularism takes on different social meanings and political valences wherever it is expressed. The essays collected here provide numerous points of contact between empirical case studies and theoretical reflection. This multiplicity informs and challenges the conceptual theorization of secularism as a universal doctrine. Analyses of different regions enrich our understanding of the meanings of secularism, providing comparative range to our notions of secularity. Theoretical treatments help to inform our understanding of secularism in context, enabling readers to discern what is at stake in the various regional expressions of secularity globally. While the bulk of the essays are case-based research, the current thinking of leading theorists and scholars is also included.
Michigan Engineers Annual Containing The Proceedings Of The Michigan Engineering Society
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1892
Michigan Engineers Annual Containing The Proceedings Of The Michigan Engineering Society written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1892 with Engineering categories.
The Academy And Literature
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1887
The Academy And Literature written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1887 with categories.
The Moral Rights Of Animals
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Author : Mylan Engel
language : en
Publisher: Lexington Books
Release Date : 2016-03-16
The Moral Rights Of Animals written by Mylan Engel and has been published by Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-16 with Philosophy categories.
Edited by Mylan Engel Jr. and Gary Lynn Comstock, this book employs different ethical lenses, including classical deontology, libertarianism, commonsense morality, virtue ethics, utilitarianism, and the capabilities approach, to explore the philosophical basis for the strong animal rights view, which holds that animals have moral rights equal in strength to the rights of humans, while also addressing what are undoubtedly the most serious challenges to the strong animal rights stance, including the challenges posed by rights nihilism, the “kind” argument against animal rights, the problem of predation, and the comparative value of lives. In addition, contributors explore the practical import of animal rights both from a social policy standpoint and from the standpoint of personal ethical decisions concerning what to eat and whether to hunt animals. Unlike other volumes on animal rights, which focus primarily on the legal rights of animals, and unlike other anthologies on animal ethics, which tend to cover a wide variety of topics but only devote a few articles to each topic, this volume focuses exclusively on the question of whether animals have moral rights and the practical import of such rights. The Moral Rights of Animals will be an indispensable resource for scholars, teachers, and students in the fields of animal ethics, applied ethics, ethical theory, and human-animal studies, as well as animal rights advocates and policy makers interested in improving the treatment of animals.
The Adventures Of Peregrine Pickle In Which Are Included Memoirs Of A Lady Of Quality
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Author : Tobias George Smollett
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1883
The Adventures Of Peregrine Pickle In Which Are Included Memoirs Of A Lady Of Quality written by Tobias George Smollett and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1883 with categories.
Bulletin Bureau Of Chemistry
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Author : United States. Bureau of Chemistry
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1893
Bulletin Bureau Of Chemistry written by United States. Bureau of Chemistry and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1893 with Agricultural chemistry categories.