Probability And Rationality
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The Roots Of Reason
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Author : David Papineau
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2003
The Roots Of Reason written by David Papineau and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Philosophy categories.
David Papineau presents a controversial view of human reason, portraying it as a normal part of the natural world, and drawing on the empirical sciences to illuminate its workings. In these six interconnected essays he offers a fresh approach to some long-standing problems. Papineau rejects the contemporary orthodoxy that genuine thought hinges on some species of non-natural normativity. He explores the evolutionary histories of theoretical and practical rationality, indicating ways in which capacities underlying human reasoning have been selected for their biological advantages. He then looks at the connection between decision and probability, explaining how good decisions need to be informed by causal as well as probabilistic facts. Finally he defends the radical view that a satisfactory understanding of decision-making is only possible within a specific interpretation of quantum mechanics. By placing the subject in its scientific context, Papineau shows how human rationality plays an explicable role in the functioning of the natural world.
Modality Probability And Rationality
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Author : James F. Sennett
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers
Release Date : 1992
Modality Probability And Rationality written by James F. Sennett and has been published by Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Philosophy categories.
This work examines several major projects in Plantinga's career, particularly as they relate to his defense of the rationality of theistic belief. Chapters are dedicated to his modal ontological argument, his free will defense, his attacks on inductive arguments from evil, and his «Reformed epistemology» program, in which he argues that theistic belief can be rational without reliance on propositional evidence. Along the way the book deals with important issues in possible worlds semantics, probability theory, and the theory of knowledge. Account is taken of Plantinga's most recent work, including his forthcoming books in epistemology. Though some portions of the work deal with technical concepts of modal and probabilistic logics, all professional philosophers and many professional theologians should find the book accessible, understandable, and informative.
Risk And Rationality
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Author : Lara Buchak
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-05-18
Risk And Rationality written by Lara Buchak and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-18 with categories.
Lara Buchak sets out a new account of rational decision-making in the face of risk. She argues that the orthodox view (expected utility theory) is too narrow, and suggests an alternative, more permissive theory: one that allows individuals to pay attention to the worst-case or best-case scenario, and vindicates the ordinary decision-maker.
Utility And Probability
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Author : John Eatwell
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1990-02-23
Utility And Probability written by John Eatwell and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-02-23 with Business & Economics categories.
This is an excerpt from the 4-volume dictionary of economics, a reference book which aims to define the subject of economics today. 1300 subject entries in the complete work cover the broad themes of economic theory. This extract concentrates on utility and probability.
Probability And Rationality
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Author : Ellery Eells
language : en
Publisher: Rodopi
Release Date : 1991
Probability And Rationality written by Ellery Eells and has been published by Rodopi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Science categories.
Rationality
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Author : Steven Pinker
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2021-09-28
Rationality written by Steven Pinker and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-28 with Philosophy categories.
A TIMES BOOK OF THE YEAR 2021 'Punchy, funny and invigorating ... Pinker is the high priest of rationalism' Sunday Times 'If you've ever considered taking drugs to make yourself smarter, read Rationality instead. It's cheaper, more entertaining, and more effective' Jonathan Haidt, author of The Righteous Mind In the twenty-first century, humanity is reaching new heights of scientific understanding - and at the same time appears to be losing its mind. How can a species that discovered vaccines for Covid-19 in less than a year produce so much fake news, quack cures and conspiracy theorizing? In Rationality, Pinker rejects the cynical cliché that humans are simply an irrational species - cavemen out of time fatally cursed with biases, fallacies and illusions. After all, we discovered the laws of nature, lengthened and enriched our lives and set the benchmarks for rationality itself. Instead, he explains, we think in ways that suit the low-tech contexts in which we spend most of our lives, but fail to take advantage of the powerful tools of reasoning we have built up over millennia: logic, critical thinking, probability, causal inference, and decision-making under uncertainty. These tools are not a standard part of our educational curricula, and have never been presented clearly and entertainingly in a single book - until now. Rationality matters. It leads to better choices in our lives and in the public sphere, and is the ultimate driver of social justice and moral progress. Brimming with insight and humour, Rationality will enlighten, inspire and empower. 'A terrific book, much-needed for our time' Peter Singer
Paradoxes Of Belief And Strategic Rationality
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Author : Robert C. Koons
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1992-01-31
Paradoxes Of Belief And Strategic Rationality written by Robert C. Koons and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-01-31 with Mathematics categories.
The author argues that a logical paradox lies at the root of a number of persistent puzzles in game theory, in particular those concerning rational agents who seek to establish some kind of reputation. This analysis provides an understanding of how the rational agent model can account for the emergence of rules, practices and institutions.
Rational Decisions
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Author : Ken Binmore
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2008-12-29
Rational Decisions written by Ken Binmore and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-29 with Mathematics categories.
It is widely held that Bayesian decision theory is the final word on how a rational person should make decisions. However, Leonard Savage--the inventor of Bayesian decision theory--argued that it would be ridiculous to use his theory outside the kind of small world in which it is always possible to "look before you leap." If taken seriously, this view makes Bayesian decision theory inappropriate for the large worlds of scientific discovery and macroeconomic enterprise. When is it correct to use Bayesian decision theory--and when does it need to be modified? Using a minimum of mathematics, Rational Decisions clearly explains the foundations of Bayesian decision theory and shows why Savage restricted the theory's application to small worlds. The book is a wide-ranging exploration of standard theories of choice and belief under risk and uncertainty. Ken Binmore discusses the various philosophical attitudes related to the nature of probability and offers resolutions to paradoxes believed to hinder further progress. In arguing that the Bayesian approach to knowledge is inadequate in a large world, Binmore proposes an extension to Bayesian decision theory--allowing the idea of a mixed strategy in game theory to be expanded to a larger set of what Binmore refers to as "muddled" strategies. Written by one of the world's leading game theorists, Rational Decisions is the touchstone for anyone needing a concise, accessible, and expert view on Bayesian decision making.
Putting Logic In Its Place
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Author : David Christensen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2004-11-04
Putting Logic In Its Place written by David Christensen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-11-04 with Mathematics categories.
What role, if any, does formal logic play in characterizing epistemically rational belief? Traditionally, belief is seen in a binary way - either one believes a proposition, or one doesn't. Given this picture, it is attractive to impose certain deductive constraints on rational belief: that one's beliefs be logically consistent, and that one believe the logical consequences of one's beliefs. A less popular picture sees belief as a graded phenomenon. This picture (explored more bydecision-theorists and philosophers of science thatn by mainstream epistemologists) invites the use of probabilistic coherence to constrain rational belief. But this latter project has often involved defining graded beliefs in terms of preferences, which may seem to change the subject away fromepistemic rationality.Putting Logic in its Place explores the relations between these two ways of seeing beliefs. It argues that the binary conception, although it fits nicely with much of our commonsense thought and talk about belief, cannot in the end support the traditional deductive constraints on rational belief. Binary beliefs that obeyed these constraints could not answer to anything like our intuitive notion of epistemic rationality, and would end up having to be divorced from central aspects of ourcognitive, practical, and emotional lives.But this does not mean that logic plays no role in rationality. Probabilistic coherence should be viewed as using standard logic to constrain rational graded belief. This probabilistic constraint helps explain the appeal of the traditional deductive constraints, and even underlies the force of rationally persuasive deductive arguments. Graded belief cannot be defined in terms of preferences. But probabilistic coherence may be defended without positing definitional connections between beliefsand preferences. Like the traditional deductive constraints, coherence is a logical ideal that humans cannot fully attain. Nevertheless, it furnishes a compelling way of understanding a key dimension of epistemic rationality.
Probability And Rationality
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-11-15
Probability And Rationality written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-15 with Science categories.