Probing Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Two Dimensional Quantum Gases
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Probing Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Two Dimensional Quantum Gases
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Author : Cheng-An Chen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-10-11
Probing Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Two Dimensional Quantum Gases written by Cheng-An Chen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-11 with Science categories.
This thesis explores the physics of non-equilibrium quantum dynamics in homogeneous two-dimensional (2D) quantum gases. Ultracold quantum gases driven out of equilibrium have been prominent platforms for studying quantum many-body physics. However, probing non-equilibrium dynamics in conventionally trapped, inhomogeneous atomic quantum gases has been a challenging task because coexisting mass transport and spreading of quantum correlations often complicate experimental analyses. In this work, the author solves this technical hurdle by producing ultracold cesium atoms in a quasi-2D optical box potential. The exquisite optical trap allows one to remove density inhomogeneity in a degenerate quantum gas and control its dimensionality. The author also details the development of a high-resolution, in situ imaging technique to monitor the evolution of collective excitations and quantum transport down to atomic shot-noise, and at the length scale of elementary collective excitations. Meanwhile, tunable Feshbach resonances in ultracold cesium atoms permit precise and dynamical control of interactions with high temporal and even spatial resolutions. By employing these state-of-the-art techniques, the author performed interaction quenches to control the generation and evolution of quasiparticles in quantum gases, presenting the first direct measurement of quantum entanglement between interaction quench generated quasiparticle pairs in an atomic superfluid. Quenching to attractive interactions, this work shows stimulated emission of quasiparticles, leading to amplified density waves and fragmentation, forming 2D matter-wave Townes solitons that were previously considered impossible to form in equilibrium due to their instability. This thesis unveils a set of scale-invariant and universal quench dynamics and provides unprecedented tools to explore quantum entanglement transport in a homogenous quantum gas.
Quantum Gases
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Author : Nick Proukakis
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2013
Quantum Gases written by Nick Proukakis and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Science categories.
This volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics.
Non Equilibrium Dynamics Of Tunnel Coupled Superfluids
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Author : Marine Pigneur
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-08-28
Non Equilibrium Dynamics Of Tunnel Coupled Superfluids written by Marine Pigneur and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-28 with Science categories.
The relaxation of isolated quantum many-body systems is a major unsolved problem of modern physics, which is connected to many fundamental questions. However, realizations of quantum many-body systems which are both well isolated from their environment and accessible to experimental study are scarce. In recent years, the field has experienced rapid progress, partly attributed to ultra-cold atoms. This book presents the experimental study of a relaxation phenomenon occurring in a one-dimensional bosonic Josephson junction. The system consists of two 1D quasi Bose-Einstein condensates of 87Rb, magnetically trapped on an atom chip. Using radio-frequency dressing, the author deforms a single harmonic trap, in which the atoms are initially condensed, into a double-well potential and realizes a splitting of the wave function. A large spatial separation and a tilt of the double-well enable the preparation of a broad variety of initial states by precisely adjusting the initial population and relative phase of the two wave packets, while preserving the phase coherence. By re-coupling the two wave packets, the author investigates tunneling regimes such as Josephson (plasma) oscillations and macroscopic quantum self-trapping. In both regimes, the tunneling dynamics exhibits a relaxation to a phase-locked equilibrium state contradicting theoretical predictions. The experimental results are supported with an empirical model that allows quantitative discussions according to various experimental parameters. These results illustrate how strongly the non-equilibrium dynamics differ from the equilibrium one, which is well described by thermodynamics and statistical physics.
Non Equilibrium Dynamics Of One Dimensional Bose Gases
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Author : Tim Langen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-05-22
Non Equilibrium Dynamics Of One Dimensional Bose Gases written by Tim Langen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-22 with Science categories.
This work presents a series of experiments with ultracold one-dimensional Bose gases, which establish said gases as an ideal model system for exploring a wide range of non-equilibrium phenomena. With the help of newly developed tools, like full distributions functions and phase correlation functions, the book reveals the emergence of thermal-like transient states, the light-cone-like emergence of thermal correlations and the observation of generalized thermodynamic ensembles. This points to a natural emergence of classical statistical properties from the microscopic unitary quantum evolution, and lays the groundwork for a universal framework of non-equilibrium physics. The thesis investigates a central question that is highly contested in quantum physics: how and to which extent does an isolated quantum many-body system relax? This question arises in many diverse areas of physics, and many of the open problems appear at vastly different energy, time and length scales, ranging from high-energy physics and cosmology to condensed matter and quantum information. A key challenge in attempting to answer this question is the scarcity of quantum many-body systems that are both well isolated from the environment and accessible for experimental study.
Non Equilibrium Dynamics Beyond Dephasing
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Author : Bernhard Rauer
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-05-04
Non Equilibrium Dynamics Beyond Dephasing written by Bernhard Rauer and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-04 with Science categories.
Cold atomic gases trapped and manipulated on atom chips allow the realization of seminal one-dimensional (1d) quantum many-body problems in an isolated and well controlled environment. In this context, this thesis presents an extensive experimental study of non-equilibrium dynamics in 1d Bose gases, with a focus on processes that go beyond simple dephasing dynamics. It reports on the observation of recurrences of coherence in the post-quench dynamics of a pair of 1d Bose gases and presents a detailed study of their decay. The latter represents the first observation of phonon-phonon scattering in these systems. Furthermore, the thesis investigates a novel cooling mechanism occurring in Bose gases subjected to a uniform loss of particles. Together, the results presented show a wide range of non-equilibrium phenomena occurring in 1d Bose gases and establish them as an ideal testbed for many-body physics beyond equilibrium.
Strongly Interacting Quantum Systems Out Of Equilibrium
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Author : Thierry Giamarchi
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016
Strongly Interacting Quantum Systems Out Of Equilibrium written by Thierry Giamarchi and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Science categories.
This book presents new experimental tools and theoretical concepts of collective nonequilibrium behavior of quantum systems. The book is based on the Les Houches Summer School of August 2012, "Strongly interacting quantum systems out of equilibrium".
Universal Themes Of Bose Einstein Condensation
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Author : Nick P. Proukakis
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-04-27
Universal Themes Of Bose Einstein Condensation written by Nick P. Proukakis and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-27 with Science categories.
Covering general theoretical concepts and the research to date, this book demonstrates that Bose-Einstein condensation is a truly universal phenomenon.
Quantum Transport In Mesoscopic Systems
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Author : David Sánchez
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-01-06
Quantum Transport In Mesoscopic Systems written by David Sánchez and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-06 with Mathematics categories.
Mesoscopic physics deals with systems larger than single atoms but small enough to retain their quantum properties. The possibility to create and manipulate conductors of the nanometer scale has given birth to a set of phenomena that have revolutionized physics: quantum Hall effects, persistent currents, weak localization, Coulomb blockade, etc. This Special Issue tackles the latest developments in the field. Contributors discuss time-dependent transport, quantum pumping, nanoscale heat engines and motors, molecular junctions, electron–electron correlations in confined systems, quantum thermo-electrics and current fluctuations. The works included herein represent an up-to-date account of exciting research with a broad impact in both fundamental and applied topics.
Probing Correlated Quantum Many Body Systems At The Single Particle Level
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Author : Manuel Endres
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business
Release Date : 2014-04-26
Probing Correlated Quantum Many Body Systems At The Single Particle Level written by Manuel Endres and has been published by Springer Science & Business this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-26 with Science categories.
How much knowledge can we gain about a physical system and to what degree can we control it? In quantum optical systems, such as ion traps or neutral atoms in cavities, single particles and their correlations can now be probed in a way that is fundamentally limited only by the laws of quantum mechanics. In contrast, quantum many-body systems pose entirely new challenges due to the enormous number of microscopic parameters and their small length- and short time-scales. This thesis describes a new approach to probing quantum many-body systems at the level of individual particles: Using high-resolution, single-particle-resolved imaging and manipulation of strongly correlated atoms, single atoms can be detected and manipulated due to the large length and time-scales and the precise control of internal degrees of freedom. Such techniques lay stepping stones for the experimental exploration of new quantum many-body phenomena and applications thereof, such as quantum simulation and quantum information, through the design of systems at the microscopic scale and the measurement of previously inaccessible observables.
Non Equilibrium Dynamics Of Semiconductors And Nanostructures
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Author : Kong-Thon Tsen
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-10-03
Non Equilibrium Dynamics Of Semiconductors And Nanostructures written by Kong-Thon Tsen and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The advent of the femto-second laser has enabled us to observe phenomena at the atomic timescale. One area to reap enormous benefits from this ability is ultrafast dynamics. Collecting the works of leading experts from around the globe, Non-Equilibrium Dynamics of Semiconductors and Nanostructures surveys recent developments in a variety of areas in ultrafast dynamics. In eight authoritative chapters illustrated by more than 150 figures, this book spans a broad range of new techniques and advances. It begins with a review of spin dynamics in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas, followed by the generation, propagation, and nonlinear properties of high-amplitude, ultrashort strain solitons in solids. The discussion then turns to nonlinear optical properties of nanoscale artificial dielectrics, optical properties of GaN self-assembled quantum dots, and optical studies of carrier dynamics and non-equilibrium optical phonons in nitride-based semiconductors. Rounding out the presentation, the book examines ultrafast non-equilibrium electron dynamics in metal nanoparticles, monochromatic acoustic phonons in GaAs, and electromagnetically induced transparency in semiconductor quantum wells. With its pedagogical approach and practical, up-to-date coverage, Non-Equilibrium Dynamics of Semiconductors and Nanostructures allows you to easily put the material into practice, whether you are a seasoned researcher or new to the field.