Productivity Growth And Job Loss

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A Fly In The Ointment

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Author : Charles Meth
language : en
Publisher: Southern Africa Labour & Development Research Unit
Release Date : 1997

A Fly In The Ointment written by Charles Meth and has been published by Southern Africa Labour & Development Research Unit this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Industrial productivity categories.

Seeks to show that rising aggregate productivity is consistent with rising unemployment and falling absolute levels of total employment.

Productivity Growth And Job Loss

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Author : Charles Meth
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997

Productivity Growth And Job Loss written by Charles Meth and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.

Abnormal Working Hours Can Raise Or Reduce

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Author : Johnny Ch Lok
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2018-12-31

Abnormal Working Hours Can Raise Or Reduce written by Johnny Ch Lok and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-31 with categories.

Any countrie's economic growth are usually calculated in real terms. i.e. inflation adjusted terms to eliminate the effect of inflation on the price of products produced. Economic growth has the indirect potential to reduce poverty, as a result of an increase in employment opportunities and increased labor productivity. However, employment is no guarantee of escaping poverty. The international labor organization estimates that is as many as 40% of workers are poor, not earning enough to keep families above the $2 a day poverty line. For instance, in India, poor are wage earner in formal employment because jobs are insecure and low paid and offer no chance to accumulate wealth to avoid risk, other countries found bigger benefits from focusing more no productivity improvement than low skilled work. Thus, increase in employment without increase in productivity lead to rise in the number of working poor and these countries don't apply the creation of quality and not quantity in labor market policies. In Vietnam, for example, employment growth has slowed when productivity growth has continued. Furthermore, productivity increases don't always lead to increase wages, e.g. United States, the gap between productivity and wages was been rising since the 1980 year. The overseas Development Institute study showed that other sectors were just as important in reducing unemployment as manufacturing.Nowadays, the services sector is most effective as translating productivity growth into employment growth in Hong Kong. The HK Government forecast (2012) indicated that "HK's economy has slowed, growing by 0.9% year-on year in the half of 2012 year, after expanding by 5% in 2011 year. For 2012 year, the economy is forecast to grow at 1-2%. Consumer prices increased by 5.3% in 2011 year and 4.7% year-on-year in the first half of 2012 year. The unemployment rate was 3.2% for April-June 2012 year, compared with 3.4% for 2011 year." Although, it seemed that unemployment rate decreased 0.2% for April to June 2012, but its unemployment was still existed. Moreover, HK's economy has slowed to grow by 0.9% only year-on-year in the first half of 2012 year and HK government forcast to grow at 1-2% for 2012. By United States Government statistic in 2006 year, the average man employed full time worked 8.4 hours mandatory minimum amount of paid time off for sickness or holiday. However, regular full time workers often have the opportunity to take about nine days off for various holiday. However, regular full time workers of skill leave and two weeks ( 10 business days) of paid holiday time with some workers receiving additional time after several years. Because of the pressure of working time with some workers receiving additional time after several years. It seems United States developed countries some workers still feel pressure of working shorten working hours can reduce the pressure of working. In fact, HK many professional workers put in longer hours than the forty hour standard per week. A forty hours work week is considered inadequate and may result in job loss or failure to be promoted. Although, these employers don't spend much salary expenditures to employ extra professional workers to share whose workload and who can perform to serve whose clients efficiently in the short time. But in the long time, it is possible that who will work pressure possibly due to who need to serve many clients every day, and whose working performance will become to be poor to cause inefficiently.

Trading With China

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Author : Mr.JaeBin Ahn
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2017-05-23

Trading With China written by Mr.JaeBin Ahn and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-23 with Business & Economics categories.

We analyze the impact on productivity in advanced economies of fast-growing trade with China between the mid-1990s and late-2000s, separately identifying the export and import channels. We use country-sector-level data for 18 advanced economies and, similar to Autor, Dorn, and Hanson (2013), exploit exogenous variation in trade with China in a given country-sector by instrumenting imports from (exports to) China in a given country-sector with the average imports from (exports to) China in the same sector in other advanced economies. Our estimates point to large productivity gains from trading with China—the (exogenous) rise of China in global trade may have increased the level of total factor productivity by about 1.9 percent, or 12.3 percent of the overall increase over the sample period, in the median country-sector. By contrast, using a similar empirical strategy, we find adverse employment effects of Chinese imports in exposed country-industries, consistent with previous studies. Taken together, these findings point to large gains from free trade, while underscoring the scope for a more active policy role in redistributing them, particularly by easing workers’ transition between jobs and industries.

Productivity Growth And Job Loss

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Author : Charles Meth
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997

Productivity Growth And Job Loss written by Charles Meth and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Industrial productivity categories.

Abnormal Working Hours Can

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Author : Johnny C. H. Lok
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2018-12-31

Abnormal Working Hours Can written by Johnny C. H. Lok and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-31 with categories.

Nowadays, the services sector is most effective as translating productivity growth into employment growth in Hong Kong. The HK Government forecast (2012) indicated that "HK's economy has slowed, growing by 0.9% year-on year in the half of 2012 year, after expanding by 5% in 2011 year. For 2012 year, the economy is forecast to grow at 1-2%. Consumer prices increased by 5.3% in 2011 year and 4.7% year-on-year in the first half of 2012 year. The unemployment rate was 3.2% for April-June 2012 year, compared with 3.4% for 2011 year." Although, it seemed that unemployment rate decreased 0.2% for April to June 2012, but its unemployment was still existed. Moreover, HK's economy has slowed to grow by 0.9% only year-on-year in the first half of 2012 year and HK government forcast to grow at 1-2% for 2012. By United States Government statistic in 2006 year, the average man employed full time worked 8.4 hours mandatory minimum amount of paid time off for sickness or holiday. However, regular full time workers often have the opportunity to take about nine days off for various holiday. However, regular full time workers of skill leave and two weeks ( 10 business days) of paid holiday time with some workers receiving additional time after several years. Because of the pressure of working time with some workers receiving additional time after several years. It seems United States developed countries some workers still feel pressure of working shorten working hours can reduce the pressure of working. In fact, HK many professional workers put in longer hours than the forty hour standard per week. A forty hours work week is considered inadequate and may result in job loss or failure to be promoted. Although, these employers don't spend much salary expenditures to employ extra professional workers to share whose workload and who can perform to serve whose clients efficiently in the short time. But in the long time, it is possible that who will work pressure possibly due to who need to serve many clients every day, and whose working performance will become to be poor to cause inefficiently. Until now, HK has no legislations regarding maximum and normal working hours. The average weekly working hours of full time employees in HK is 49 hours. According to the Price and Earnings report (2012) conducted by UBS, when the global and regional average were 1,915 and 2,154 hours per year respectively, the average working hours in HK is 2,296 hours per year, which ranked the fifth longest yearly working hours among 72 countries under study. In addition, the survey is conducted by the public opinion study group of the University of HK, it showed 79% of the respondents agree that the problem of overtime work in HK is "serve" and 65% of the respondents agree that the legislation on the maximum working hours. In HK, 70% of surveyed don't receive any overtime remuneration. These show that people in HK concerns the working time issues. The equilibrium price for a certain types of labor is the wage rate. The model of labor market, even given all its assumption is logically. The criticism of application of the model of supply and demand generalizes particularly to all markets for factor of production, e.g. labor working hours. I assume HK employers don't like to employ many labors to assist current labors to raise service or productivity when their client numbers have increased. It is possible that who feel salaries expenditure can not be exceed to their reasonable budget. Hence, who need current labors to work long time hours to do too much work, even the HK labor supply is increasing and it will cause many people lose jobs. It seems HK service industry can influence its economic growth.

The Disposable Work Force

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Author : Thomas Moore
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-02-06

The Disposable Work Force written by Thomas Moore and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-06 with Business & Economics categories.

The twenty-first century has witnessed a transformation of the organization, opportunities, and terms of work. Downsizing, restructuring, and outsourcing are the forces altering employment relationships throughout the work force. Those who tend to see the future in a positive light view the evolving role between employer and employee as empowering for the individual. This book examines the consequences of economic instability due to job loss and the displacement of millions of workers. It draws upon case studies of worker displacement as well as national labor force surveys. Thomas S. Moore finds that consequences of economic instability are productivity slowdown, increased disparities in earnings and income, and higher average unemployment. He assesses the extent of job loss nationwide, its costs to the individuals directly affected, and the way in which the incidence of displacement and earnings loss has shifted over time. Although drawn from an earlier period, the data have an obvious relevance to today's labor markets. Moore argues for an employment and training system that gives employers an incentive to invest in the skills of their employees. Federally funded training programs have not improved the earning ability of displaced and disadvantaged workers, and state-sponsored programs tend to exclude those most in need of assistance. Moore suggests direct employer investment in the general skills of employees. Initially published in a different economic downturn, this continues to be a must read book for all economists, sociologists, and policymakers.

Real Wage Labor Productivity And Employment Trends In South Africa

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Author : Nir Klein
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2012-04-01

Real Wage Labor Productivity And Employment Trends In South Africa written by Nir Klein and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-01 with Business & Economics categories.

The paper looks at the dynamics of employment in South Africa and examines the factors that contributed to the job-shedding observed during the recent financial crisis. The paper finds that the rapid growth of the real wage, which outpaced the labor productivity growth in most sectors, played an important role in suppressing employment creation. The paper also finds that while there is a co-integrating link between the real wage and labor productivity, the deviations from equilibrium are persistent and thus contribute to a weak link between real wage growth and labor productivity growth in the short term. This finding is also supported by a cross-country analysis, which shows that in South Africa the link between the real wage and labor productivity is substantially weaker than in other emerging markets, even after controlling for labor market tightness indicators.

Lagging Productivity Growth

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Author : Shlomo Maital
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge, MA : Ballinger Publishing Company
Release Date : 1980

Lagging Productivity Growth written by Shlomo Maital and has been published by Cambridge, MA : Ballinger Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Business & Economics categories.

Comparison of the decline of industrial growth and productivity in Canada and the USA - analyzes industrial structures, economic structures and underlying trends (incl. Statistical tables from nine OECD countries), factors such as research and development spending, energy prices and woman worker participation, with a literature survey of management effects on organizational behaviour and Motivation, and advocates changes in productivity policy with private sector support. Bibliography pp. 275 to 294 and diagrams.

International Trade Productivity And Regional Job Growth

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Author : Ann K. Markusen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990

International Trade Productivity And Regional Job Growth written by Ann K. Markusen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Commerce categories.