Project Appraisal And Macroeconomic Policy
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Project Appraisal And Macroeconomic Policy
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Author : T. van der Burg
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Project Appraisal And Macroeconomic Policy written by T. van der Burg and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
Environmental economics addresses the issues that arise on the boundaries between economic systems and natural systems, such as pollution and natural resource de pletion and degradation. Like any other branch of applied economics, it has drawn its tools and techniques from the wide range already available in economics gener ally, selecting, adapting and extending these to meet its own particular requirements in its own particular context. Here, as elsewhere in economics, public policy analy sis requires quantitative assessments of the economic impact of different policy choices. Perhaps the most distinctive contribution of environmental economics has been the development of techniques for the economic valuation of environmental goods and services in the absence of markets for such goods and services, or in the presence of markets that are at best imperfect or incomplete. Nevertheless policy analysis still relies on one or another of three broad groups of methods used in eco nomics generally. One is project appraisal, which at the micro level provides an evaluation ofthe costs and benefits ofinvestment options to inform the choice among them, while at the macro level policy analysis rests either on computable general equilibrium (CGE) models or on economy-wide macroeconometric models. All models are simplifications, designed to focus attention on the important fea tures ofthe problem at hand, and neglecting other features that might for a different problem assume greater importance.
Reviving Project Appraisal At The World Bank
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Author : Shantayanan Devarajan
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1995
Reviving Project Appraisal At The World Bank written by Shantayanan Devarajan and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Economic development projects categories.
The Unbalanced Economy
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Author : Ciaran Driver
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-09-10
The Unbalanced Economy written by Ciaran Driver and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-10 with Business & Economics categories.
During the 1980s Britain became one of the world's most market-oriented economies, an approach which resulted in three severe recessions and a deepening degree of inequality. This book argues that a rebalancing of the economy will remain elusive until proactive policies are implemented at the corporate and industrial level.
Applying Economic Analysis To Technical Assistance Projects
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Author : Gary McMahon
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1997
Applying Economic Analysis To Technical Assistance Projects written by Gary McMahon and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Technical assistance categories.
April 1997 Although there is rarely any quantitative economic analysis of technical assistance loans or loan components, the author estimates that roughly 60 percent of the technical assistance in a sample of 40 projects was suitable for quantitative analysis. He also estimates that 80 percent of the technical assistance in the investment loans in his sample was not necessary for project implementation. Moreover, technical assistance was excluded from calculations of the economic rate of return, raising questions about its justification. McMahon recommends using more quantitative economic analysis in appraising technical assistance loans and loan components. After giving a brief history of technical assistance and the problems commonly associated with it, he describes classifications of technical assistance, proposes a new typology to be used for project appraisal, suggests methods for screening projects, and discusses different levels of economic analysis. He shows how the typology and economic analysis could be applied to 40 projects in the Europe and Central Asia region. Although some of the suggested approaches are sophisticated and demanding, much of it relies on fairly simple techniques. McMahon estimates that roughly 60 percent of the technical assistance in his sample was suitable for quantitative analysis. Using four case studies, he demonstrates how quantitative economic analysis could be used more frequently in the appraisal process. McMahon recommends that all technical assistance be classified according to the methodology suitable for its appraisal and evaluation. In cases in which little or no quantitative analysis is used, the staff officer can and should provide a justification - in which case it should still be possible to conceptualize the problem in economic terms. Essential technical assistance should be included when calculating the economic rate of return on a project. When technical assistance is excluded from this calculation, a strong justification for such assistance should be given or it should be omitted from the project. In his sample McMahon estimates that about 80 percent of the technical assistance in investment projects was not essential for project implementation. In the 12 projects for which an economic rate of return was calculated in the appraisal, the technical assistance was not included in the estimate - even though 53 percent of this technical assistance was deemed necessary to the project. This paper - a product of the Public Economics Division, Policy Research Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to study the effectiveness of foreign aid.
International Development Project Appraisal Execution Planning And Monitoring
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Author : Joseph Martial Ribeiro
language : en
Publisher: Presses inter Polytechnique
Release Date : 2011
International Development Project Appraisal Execution Planning And Monitoring written by Joseph Martial Ribeiro and has been published by Presses inter Polytechnique this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.
Reviving Project Appraisal At The World Bank
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Author : Shantayanan Devarajan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Reviving Project Appraisal At The World Bank written by Shantayanan Devarajan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
The authors focus on two broad questions: 1) what is the proper role for project evaluation in today's world, where countries have reduced major economic distortions and are reconsidering the role of the state? and 2) besides project evaluation, how else can economic analysis ensure high-quality projects? The authors argue for a shift in the emphasis of project evaluation away from a concern with precise rate of return calculations to a broader examination of the rationale for public provision. In this context, three areas critical for proper project appraisal are the counterfactual private sector supply response, the fiscal impact, and the fungibility of lending. (1) Counterfactual private sector supply response. Any type of cost-benefit analysis - be it in the public or the private sector - requires the project evaluator to specify the counterfactual: what would the world have looked like in the absence of the project? Since World Bank projects are public sector projects, the relevant counterfactual involves assessing what the private sector would have otherwise provided, and the relevant magnitude for evaluation purposes is the net contribution of the public project. Failure to consider explicitly the private sector counterfactual during evaluation biases the lending mix of the Bank away from projects with strong public good characteristics toward projects with private good characteristics. (2) Fiscal impact. Applying the private sector couterfactual would lead the Bank to undertake projects with a reasonable case for public intervention, such as basic infrastructure, primary education, and rural health. These projects typically share the characteristics that costs are borne by the public sector while benefits are enjoyed by the private sector. But in the absence of nondistortionary, lump sum taxes, there is likely to be a positive marginal cost of taxation and a premium on public income. Since the Bank has not used such a premium and treats public costs and private benefits equally, it has systematically overestimated the net benefits of these projects. (3) Fungibility of lending. Project-specific appraisal can at best assess only the rate of return and the acceptability of the project being appraised. This limitation is problematic because the project might have been undertaken even without Bank financing. If that is the case, the Bank is actually financing some other project - one not subject to appraisal by the Bank - that would not have been in the investment program without Bank financing. This problem arises because financial resources are fungible to some extent. One way to alleviate this concern is to conduct public expenditure reviews before embarking on the appraisal and financing of specific projects. Furthermore, financing a portion of the government's sectoral investment program may be more effective than project-specific lending.
The Forgotten Rationale For Policy Reform
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Author : Jonathan Isham
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1995
The Forgotten Rationale For Policy Reform written by Jonathan Isham and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Developing countries categories.
Beyond The Rule Of Thumb
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Author : Tito Boeri
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-04-23
Beyond The Rule Of Thumb written by Tito Boeri and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-23 with Social Science categories.
This book discusses the rationale for correcting market prices in the evaluation of public investments. It also aims at covering techniques of project appraisals, such as the effects method, cost efficiency techniques, multicriteria analysis, and related logical frameworks.
Guidelines For Project Appraisal
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Author : Arie Kuyvenhoven
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Guidelines For Project Appraisal written by Arie Kuyvenhoven and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Cost effectiveness categories.
How Macroeconomic Policies Affect Project Performance In The Social Sectors
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Author : Daniel Kaufmann
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1992
How Macroeconomic Policies Affect Project Performance In The Social Sectors written by Daniel Kaufmann and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Politica economica categories.
A country's economic policies significantly affect the performance of investment projects in the social sectors, especially education.